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???????? ????????? ????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ????? (?????????)? ????? ?????? ^[?]^[?] ?? ???? ????????? ???????? ???. ^[?] ????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???? (??? ???????? ????) ????? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ??????. ^[?] ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???. ^[?] ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????????? ?????? ????? ? ??????????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ????. ^[?] ?? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ? ????? ?? ???. ^[?]

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?? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??. ????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ? ????? ???? ????? ????.

???? ????? ??? ? ?? ?? ????????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ? ????? ????.

?? ????????? ???? ???????????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ? ????? ???. ??? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ? ???? ? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???.

?? ?? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ????: ????? ????? (????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??????)? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??????????? ????? ? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ? ???? ??????????? ????.

?? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ????????: ≪????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ????? ????… ? ?? ??? ????? ????? ? ??? ?????? ???. ???? ??????? ?????? ? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????. ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ? ???: ≪??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ? ??? ?? ????? (?? ???) ???? ??? ? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ????.≫

????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?????????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ??? ???? ???? ? ????? ???? ??????? ?????????. ?? ???????? ???? ? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??? ≪????????????≫ ??? ?????? ? ????? ???????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???????. ?? ???????????? ≪????????? ????????? ????≫ (??? ???????? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ) ??? ??????? ??:

≪??????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????. ?????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??????. ?? ??? ????? (??????)? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ???????????? ?? ????? ???? ????. ?? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ???????? ???? ????????? ? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???.≫

????? ????? ?????????? ????? ???? ??? ? ???????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ?????. ??? ?????? ?? ?? ???????? ???: ??????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ??? ??????????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ? ???????. ^[?]

????? [ ?????? ]

↑ "????????? ?????? | ?????? ?????: ?????? ???????? ????????? ?????" . Retrieved 2020-04-08 .
↑ Winter, H. J. J. (February 1986). "PERSIAN SCIENCE IN SAFAVID TIMES" . The Cambridge History of Iran (?? ???????).
↑ Durant, Will ; Durant, Ariel (2011) [1950]. The Story of Civilization: The Age of Faith . Simon & Schuster . p. 352. ISBN 978-1-4516-4761-7 .
↑ Montelle, C. (2011). The ‘Well-Known Calendars’: Al-Kh?zin?’s Description of Significant Chronological Systems for Medieval Mathematical Astronomy in Arabic. In Steele J. (Ed.), Calendars and Years II: Astronomy and Time in the Ancient and Medieval World (pp. 107-126). Oxford; Oakville: Oxbow Books.
↑ Meyerhof, M. (1948). 'Al? al-Bayhaq?'s Tatimmat Siw?n al-Hikma: A Biographical Work on Learned Men of the Islam. Osiris, 8, 122-217.
↑ Montelle, C. (2011). The ‘Well-Known Calendars’: Al-Kh?zin?’s Description of Significant Chronological Systems for Medieval Mathematical Astronomy in Arabic. In Steele J. (Ed.), Calendars and Years II: Astronomy and Time in the Ancient and Medieval World (pp. 107-126). Oxford; Oakville: Oxbow Books.
↑ Al-Kh?zin?, Abu'l-Fath 'Abd Al-Ra?m?n [Sometimes Ab? Man??r ' Abd Al-Ra?m?n or 'Abd Al-Rahm?n Man??r]. , Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography., 2008, pp. 335?351
↑ ≪???????? ????????? ????? (???? ? ???????? ? ????? ???? ????)≫ . ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ???? . ?????????? ?? ?? ??????? ???? .

???? ?????????? ????? ?????? ????? (??? ???)? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????
????? ? ???. ????? ?? ????? ??? . ?????? ???????? ???? ????? . ???????? ???? ? ?????? .

[1] "????????? ?????? | ?????? ?????: ?????? ???????? ????????? ?????" . Retrieved 2020-04-08 .

[2] Winter, H. J. J. (February 1986). "PERSIAN SCIENCE IN SAFAVID TIMES" . The Cambridge History of Iran (?? ???????).

[3] Durant, Will ; Durant, Ariel (2011) [1950]. The Story of Civilization: The Age of Faith . Simon & Schuster . p. 352. ISBN 978-1-4516-4761-7 .

[Montelle-4] Montelle, C. (2011). The ‘Well-Known Calendars’: Al-Kh?zin?’s Description of Significant Chronological Systems for Medieval Mathematical Astronomy in Arabic. In Steele J. (Ed.), Calendars and Years II: Astronomy and Time in the Ancient and Medieval World (pp. 107-126). Oxford; Oakville: Oxbow Books.

[Meyerhof-5] Meyerhof, M. (1948). 'Al? al-Bayhaq?'s Tatimmat Siw?n al-Hikma: A Biographical Work on Learned Men of the Islam. Osiris, 8, 122-217.

[Montelle2-6] Montelle, C. (2011). The ‘Well-Known Calendars’: Al-Kh?zin?’s Description of Significant Chronological Systems for Medieval Mathematical Astronomy in Arabic. In Steele J. (Ed.), Calendars and Years II: Astronomy and Time in the Ancient and Medieval World (pp. 107-126). Oxford; Oakville: Oxbow Books.

[Al-Khāzinī-7] Al-Kh?zin?, Abu'l-Fath 'Abd Al-Ra?m?n [Sometimes Ab? Man??r ' Abd Al-Ra?m?n or 'Abd Al-Rahm?n Man??r]. , Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography., 2008, pp. 335?351

[8] ≪???????? ????????? ????? (???? ? ???????? ? ????? ???? ????)≫ . ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ???? . ?????????? ?? ?? ??????? ???? .

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