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???? ??? ?????
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[??]
???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?????.
[??]
- ?? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???
???? ??????
?????????? ????? ????? ? ???? ??? ????
????????
.
??? ?????
????????? ??? ?????. ????
- ???? ?. ???? ?? ???? ???? ≪?? ???? ??? ??? ? ????≫ (?? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?????)
- ???? ???? ???: ????????? ?? ???
????? ?????
? ??? ???.
- ↑
???
???
?????? ????? (
????-??-??
).
≪≪???? ???????≫ ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??????≫
.
www.radiofarda.com
. ?????????? ??
????-??-??
.
- ↑
???
???
≪??????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????????? ????????? ??? ? ????? ?????? ?????? 12??????≫
.
www.kar-online.com
.
????-??-??
. ?????????? ??
????-??-??
.
- ↑
Frederik Coene (2009),
The Caucasus - An Introduction
, Routledge Contemporary Russia and Eastern Europe Series, Routledge, p. 136,
ISBN
9781135203023
,
As a result, the People's Republic of Azerbaijan and the Kurdish People's Republic (the Republic of Mahabad), two short-lived Soviet puppet states, were set up late in 1945...
- ↑
Donald Newton Wilber (2014).
Iran, Past and Present: From Monarchy to Islamic Republic
. Princeton University Press. p. 136.
ISBN
978-1400857470
.
In December the Democratic Party of Azerbaijan, announced the establishment of an autonomous state of Azerbaijan, and at the same time the Russians set up another puppet state, the Kurdish Republic of Mahabad, also in Azerbaijan.
- ↑
???
???
???
≪????? ???????: '???? ??????? ?????????' ????? ???≫
.
????? ????
. ?????????? ??
????-??-??
.
- ↑
???
???
???
Egorov? Boris (
????-??-??
).
≪How Stalin tried to annex Iran≫
.
www.rbth.com
(?? ???????)
. ?????????? ??
????-??-??
.
- ↑
???
???
???
???
???
???
???
Cottam, Richard W. 1964. Nationalism in Iran. [Pittsburgh]: University of Pittsburgh Press. pp.124-128.
- ↑
Encyclopædia Iranica:
The Azerbaijan movement, one must keep in mind, was not created solely by Soviet pressures. While benefiting from Soviet support, the Azeris were partly reacting to the process of centralization instituted under Re?? Shah and to the central government’s incompetence, corruption, and discrimination against the province; the Kurds opposed, among other things, the government’s attempts at detribalization. Thus, a concern for identity within their own communal groups seemed logical to both Kurds and Azeris in the aftermath of the Soviet occupation in 1941. Characterizing in terms of class what were primarily communal and regional differences (Azerbaijan had only twelve towns with a population of 10,000 or more and there was a substantial number of factory workers only in Tabr?z), the T?da Party gained support in Azerbaijan under the aegis of the Soviet occupation and, when Soviet tactics dictated a shift, provided what became the Democratic Party with a ready group of supporters (although only one of nine cabinet ministers were former T?da members).
- ↑
Reza Shah Pahlavi (shah of Iran) - Britannica Online Encyclopedia
- ↑
"Cold War International History Project 1945-46 Iranian Crisis"
(?? ???????), archived from
the original
on 15 July 2010
, retrieved
22 ?????
2013
- ↑
Azerbaijan Crisis (1947-1948)
- ↑
≪Iran in World War II≫
. ??????????? ??
????
?? ? ??????? ????
. ?????????? ??
?? ??????? ????
.
- ↑
≪????? ?? ?? ???? ?????≫
.
BBC News ?????
. ?????????? ??
????-??-??
.
- ↑
≪????? ? ??? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?? ???? ??????? ????????≫
.
?? ??? ????
. ??????????? ??
????
?? ? ??????? ????.
- ↑
????
????
???? ????? ??????? ????????? ???? ? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? 710940? ????? ????: ??/???/??/?/??
- ↑
????????? ?????.
≪???????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????????/????? ????????≫
.
www.azariha.org
. ?????????? ??
????-??-??
.
- ↑
??????, ?????? ???? ?????? (2022-02-05).
"?? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???? ? ??? ??? ?? ????? ? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????"
.
?????? ???? ?????? ??????
. Retrieved
2022-05-10
.
- ↑
≪???? ????? ???≫
(PDF)
. ??????????? ??
????
(PDF)
?? ?? ????? ????
. ?????????? ??
?? ????? ????
.
- ↑
????
????
≪Comment Staline a tente de mettre la main sur une partie de l'Iran≫
.
fr.rbth.com
. ?????????? ??
????-??-??
.
- ↑
≪????? ?? ?? ???? ?????≫
.
BBC News ?????
. ?????????? ??
????-??-??
.
- ↑
????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ? ?? ?????? 21 ???? 11 ??? 1381? ? 11.
- ↑
http://www.bbc.co.uk/persian/arts/story/2005/10/051020_aa_fergheh.shtml
- ↑
≪???? ???? ? ????? ??????: ?????? ???? ???????????? ????≫
[
????? ????
]
???? ???? ?????
- ↑
Nat. Arch. 891.00/1-1547, 15 January 1947. Touraj Atabaki,
Azerbaijan: Ethnicity and the Struggle for Power in Iran
. [Revised Edition of Azerbaijan, Ethnicity and Autonomy in the Twentieth-Century Iran] London: I.B.Tauris, 2000. pg 227. "A British source cited by the US Embassy in Tehran gives the number of killed Democrats as 421. The American Embass’s report has been classified under wash."
- ↑
≪??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?????≫
. ??????????? ??
????
?? ?? ????? ????
. ?????????? ??
?? ????? ????
.
- ↑
"[No heading]"
.
The Mercury (Hobart, Tas. : 1860 - 1954)
. Hobart, Tas.: National Library of Australia. 16 December 1946. p. 8. Archived from
the original
on 11 March 2020
. Retrieved
22 October
2013
.
- ↑
Swietochowski? Tadeusz (
????
).
Russia and Azerbaijan: A Borderland in Transition
. New York: Columbia. University Press.
????? ???
Rossow conservatively estimated 500 killed during the lawless interregnum that preceded the coming of the Iranian troops. Hundreds of others were tried and jailed, and scores were hanged.
- ↑
??? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ? ???? ??? ?????????????
- ↑
????? ???? ???? ????? " ????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????? "
- ↑
????? ???? (
???? ????
).
Communist Movement in Iran
. Univ of California Pr.
ISBN 978-0-520-01377-3
? ????? ???
- ↑
"???? ??????? - ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ? ????? ???? 26 ????? ??? 1327"
.
rc.majlis.ir
. Archived from
the original
on 17 June 2021
. Retrieved
2022-05-09
.
- ↑
≪????? ?? ?? ???? ?????≫
.
BBC News ?????
. ?????????? ??
????-??-??
.
- ↑
http://www.camah.net/biriaetiraf.php
???????????
?? ? ?????? ???? ????
Wayback Machine
????? ? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??
- ↑
Swietochowski, Tadeusz 1989. ≪Islam and the Growth of National Identity in Soviet Azerbaijan" , Kappeler, Andreas, Gerhard Simon, Georg Brunner eds. Muslim Communities Reemerge: Historical Perspective on Nationality, Politics, and Opposition in the Former Soviet Union and Yugoslavia. Durham: Duke University Press, pp. 46-60.
- ↑
Gary. R. Hess Political Science Quarterly, Vol. 89, No. 1 (March. , 1974)
[?]
- ↑
?????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ?????
- ↑
???????? ???? (
????
).
??????? ????????? ??? ????? ?????????
. ?????: ??? ?????.
????
???-???-????-?
.
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