????? ?????????

????? ????????? ?? ?????????? (?? ??????? : Heterocyclic compound ) ??????? ?? ????????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ????(???) ??? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ????. ??????? ??? ???? ????????????? ??? ???? ????? ???????????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????. ?? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???. ^[?] ???? ???????????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ? ????????? ??? ?? ???????????? ?????????. ???????????? ????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? (????? ????? ? ????????? ??????) ? ?????? ?? ??????????? ????? ? ?????? ???? ????????? ?? ?????? ??? ????????. ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????. ^[?] ??? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???:

	?????			??? ?????
???????	???????	??????	?????	???????	??????	?????
???? ? ????
???	????????	????? ??????	????	Azirine	???????	Thiirene
??????
???? ? ????
???	???????	??????	???????	???	??????	????
??????
???? ? ????
???	?????????	??????????????	??????????????	?????	?????	?????
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???? ? ????
???	????????	????? (????? ???????)	???? (????? ???????)	???????	?????	????????
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???? ? ????
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??????

????? [ ?????? ]

↑ ???????? ?????? heterocyclic compounds
↑ Edon Vitaku, David T. Smith, Jon T. Njardarson (2014). "Analysis of the Structural Diversity, Substitution Patterns, and Frequency of Nitrogen Heterocycles among U.S. FDA Approved Pharmaceuticals". J. Med. Chem . 57 : 10257-10274. doi : 10.1021/jm501100b . PMID 25255204 . {{ cite journal }}: ??????? ??????:??????? ?????:????? ????????? ( link )

????? ?? ????? [ ?????? ]

Hantzsch-Widman nomenclature, IUPAC
Heterocyclic amines in cooked meat, US CDC
List of known and probable carcinogens, American Cancer Society
List of known carcinogens by the State of California, Proposition 65 ??????????? ?? ? ??????? ???? ???? Wayback Machine (more comprehensive)

https://www.jahaneshimi.com/2673/%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%b2%d9%88%d8%aa%db%8c%d8%a7%d8%b2%d9%88%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86/

[1] ???????? ?????? heterocyclic compounds

[2] Edon Vitaku, David T. Smith, Jon T. Njardarson (2014). "Analysis of the Structural Diversity, Substitution Patterns, and Frequency of Nitrogen Heterocycles among U.S. FDA Approved Pharmaceuticals". J. Med. Chem . 57 : 10257-10274. doi : 10.1021/jm501100b . PMID 25255204 . {{ cite journal }}: ??????? ??????:??????? ?????:????? ????????? ( link )

[?]

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