From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Zinc selenide
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Names
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Other names
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Identifiers
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ChemSpider
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ECHA InfoCard
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100.013.873
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EC Number
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UNII
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InChI=1S/Se.Zn
Key: SBIBMFFZSBJNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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zincblende structure: [SeH+2]12[ZnH2-2][SeH+2]3[ZnH2-2][SeH+2]([ZnH-2]14)[ZnH-2]1[Se+2]5([ZnH-2]38)[Zn-2]26[SeH+2]2[ZnH-2]([Se+2]4)[SeH+2]1[ZnH2-2][SeH+2]3[ZnH-2]2[Se+2][ZnH-2]([SeH+2]6[ZnH-2]([SeH+2])[SeH+2]68)[SeH+2]([ZnH2-2]6)[ZnH-2]35
wurtzite structure: [ZnH2-2]1[Se+2]47[ZnH-2]2[Se+2][ZnH-2]3[Se+2]8([ZnH2-2][SeH+2]([ZnH2-2]4)[ZnH2-2]6)[ZnH-2]4[Se+2][ZnH-2]5[Se+2]6([ZnH2-2]6)[Zn-2]78[Se+2]78[ZnH-2]([SeH+2]69)[SeH+2]5[ZnH2-2][SeH+2]4[ZnH-2]7[SeH+2]3[ZnH2-2][SeH+2]2[ZnH-2]8[SeH+2]1[ZnH2-2]9
wurtzite structure: [ZnH2-2]1[SeH+2]([ZnH2-2]6)[ZnH2-2][SeH+2]7[ZnH-2]2[Se+2][Zn-2]3([Se+2][ZnH-2]9[Se+2]5)[Se+2]18[Zn-2]45[Se+2][ZnH-2]5[SeH+2]6[Zn-2]78[Se+2]78[ZnH2-2][SeH+2]5[ZnH2-2][Se+2]4([ZnH2-2][SeH+2]9[ZnH2-2]4)[ZnH-2]7[Se+2]34[ZnH2-2][SeH+2]2[ZnH2-2]8
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Properties
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ZnSe
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Molar mass
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144.35 g/mol
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Appearance
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light yellow solid
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Density
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5.27 g/cm
3
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Melting point
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1,525 °C (2,777 °F)
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negligible
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Band gap
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2.82 eV (10 K)
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2.67 (550 nm)
2.40 (10.6 μm)
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Structure
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Zincblende
(cubic)
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a
= 566.8 pm
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Tetrahedral (Zn
2+
)
Tetrahedral (Se
2?
)
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Thermochemistry
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−177.6 kJ/mol
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Hazards
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GHS
labelling
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Danger
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H301
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H331
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H373
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H410
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P260
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P261
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P264
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P270
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P271
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P273
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P301+P310
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P304+P340
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P311
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P314
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P321
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P330
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P391
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P403+P233
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P405
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P501
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Related compounds
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Zinc oxide
Zinc sulfide
Zinc telluride
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Cadmium selenide
Mercury selenide
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
standard state
(at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Chemical compound
Zinc selenide
is the
inorganic compound
with the formula ZnSe. It is a lemon-yellow solid although most samples have a duller color due to the effects of oxidation. It is an
intrinsic semiconductor
with a
band gap
of about 2.70
eV
at 25 °C (77 °F), equivalent to a wavelength of 459 nm. ZnSe occurs as the rare mineral
stilleite
, named after
Hans Stille
.
Synthesis and properties
[
edit
]
ZnSe is available in both hexagonal (
wurtzite
) and cubic (
zincblende
)
polymorphs
. In both cases, the Zn
2+
and Se
2?
sites are tetrahedral. The difference in the structures related to
close packing
motifs, hexagonal vs cubic.
Cubic ZnSe is produced by treatment of an aqueous solution of zinc sulfate with
hydrogen selenide
:
[1]
- ZnSO
4
+ H
2
Se → ZnSe + H
2
SO
4
Heating the cubic form gives hexagonal ZnSe.
An alternative synthesis involves heating a mixture of
zinc oxide
,
zinc sulfide
, and selenium:
- 2 ZnO + ZnS + 3 Se → 3 ZnSe + SO
2
It is a wide-bandgap semiconductor of the
II-VI semiconductor group
(since
zinc
and
selenium
belong to the 12th and 16th groups of the
periodic table
, respectively). The material can be
n-type
doped
with, for instance,
halogen
elements.
P-type
doping is more difficult, but can be achieved by introducing
gallium
.
Applications
[
edit
]
Reactions
[
edit
]
ZnSe is insoluble in water, but dissolves in concentrated
hydrochloric acid
.
It can be deposited as a thin film by
chemical vapour deposition
techniques including
MOVPE
and vacuum evaporation.
References
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edit
]
- ^
F. Wagenknecht; R. Juza (1963). "Zinc (II) Selenide". In G. Brauer (ed.).
Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed
. Vol. 2pages=1078. NY, NY: Academic Press.
- ^
Sahbudin, U.K.; Wahid, M.H.A.; Poopalan, P.; Hambali, N.A.M.A.; Shahimin, M.M.; Ariffin, S.N.; Saidi, N.N.A.; Ramli, M.M. (2016). "ZnSe Light Emitting Diode Quantum Efficiency and Emission Characterization".
Matec Web of Conferences
.
78
: 01114.
doi
:
10.1051/matecconf/20167801114
.
- ^
Cr
2+
excitation levels in ZnSe and ZnS, G. Grebe, G. Roussos and H.-J. Schulz, J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys. vol. 9 pp. 4511-4516 (1976)
doi
:
10.1088/0022-3719/9/24/020
- ^
https://web.archive.org/web/20190422005411/http://www.kayelaby.npl.co.uk/general_physics/2_5/2_5_8.html
Kaye and Laby online at
NPL
via archive.org
- ^
"Institute for Single Crystals - Materials and Products - AIIBVI - Passive Laser Optics Elements"
.
iscrystals.com
. Retrieved
2016-12-28
.
External links
[
edit
]
Salts and covalent derivatives of the
selenide
ion
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