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King of Joseon (posthumously)
Yi Cha-ch'un
이자춘
李子春
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|
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| Reign
| 1343?1356
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| Born
| 20 January 1315
Aldong,
Ssangseong Prefecture
,
Yuan dynasty
(now
Gyeongheung-gun
,
North Hamgyeong Province
)
|
|---|
| Died
| 3 June 1361 (aged 46)
Gwiju-dong, Hamheung-bu, Dongbuk-myeon,
Goryeo
(now
Yeongheung-gun
,
Hamgyeongnam-do
)
|
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| Burial
| |
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| Spouse
| Lady Yi
Queen Uihye
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| Issue
| 5 sons and 2 daughters
|
|---|
|
- First: King Hwan (환왕, 桓王; given in 1392 by
King Taejo
)
- Last: King Yeonmu Seonghwan the Great (煙霧성환대王, 淵武聖桓大王; given in 1411 by
King Taejong
)
| |
| Hwanjo
(丸彫, 桓祖)
|
|
| House
| Yi
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| Father
| Yi Chun
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| Mother
| Lady, of the Munju Bak clan
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Yi Cha-ch'un
(
Korean
:
이자춘
;
Hanja
:
李子春
; 20 January 1315 ? 3 June 1361) or known by his
Mongolian name
Ulus Bukha
(
Korean
:
蔚루스否카
;
Hanja
:
吾魯思不花
), was a minor military officer of the
Yuan Empire
who later transferred his allegiance to
Goryeo
and became the father of
Yi S?ng-gye
, founder of the
Joseon
Dynasty.
Biography
[
edit
]
Yi Cha-ch'un was a chiliarch of a Yuan Dynasty
mingghan
in
Ssangseong Prefecture
(present-day
K?mya County
,
South Hamgy?ng Province
,
North Korea
- former Goryeo territory annexed by
Mongol Empire
). After Ssangseong was reconquered by Goryeo under
King Gongmin
, he migrated to
Hamju
and got promoted to manho (the equivalent of the Mongolian myriarch of a tumen, lit.
ten thousand
or chief of ten thousand). He married a Goryeo-Korean lady from Anbyeon, who became
Queen Uihye
, the mother of Yi S?ng-gye. He died in Hamgyong in 1361.
Since he was glamorized by his descendants, descriptions of Yi Cha-ch'un's life tend to be contradictory to each other. For example, he is said to have risen to the rank of scholar-official. However, when he died, the king at the time expressed condolences for Cha-ch'un as if for scholar-officials, implying that Yi Cha-ch'un was not a scholar-official.
[
citation needed
]
Family
[
edit
]
- Lady Yi of the Hansan Yi clan (夫人 閑散李氏; d. 1333)
- Yi W?n-gye, Grand Prince Wanpung
(1330?1388)
- Yi Ch'?n-gye, Grand Prince Yeongseong
(1333?1376)
- Lady Yi (
夫人 李氏
) ? married Kang U (
강우
;
康祐
)
- Queen Uihye of the Yeongheung Ch'oe clan
- Yi S?ng-gye, King Taejo of Joseon
(1335?1408)
- Princess Jeonghwa
- Lady Kim Ko?mga
(d. 1404)
- Yi Hwa, Grand Prince Uian
(1348?1408)
- Unknown woman
- Yi Y?ng (이영; d. 1394)
In popular culture
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
See also
[
edit
]
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| Posthumous
[note 1]
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King of Joseon
(1392?1897)
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Emperor of Korea
(1897?1910)
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| Crown Prince
[note 2]
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| Daewongun
[note 3]
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| Rival king
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|
King Yi
[note 4]
(1910?1947)
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|
Director of the
Royal Family Association
(1957?)
| | In office
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Posthumous
recognition
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| Pretenders
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- #
denotes that the king was deposed and never received a
temple name
.
- ^
Those who were listed were not reigning monarchs but posthumously recognized; the year following means the year of recognition.
- ^
Only the crown princes that didn't become the king were listed; the former year indicates when one officially became the heir and the latter one is that when one died/deposed. Those who ascended to the throne were excluded in the list for simplification.
- ^
The title given to the biological father, who never reigned, of the kings who were adopted as the heir to a precedent king.
- ^
The
de jure
monarch of Korea during the era was the
Emperor of Japan
, while the former Korean emperors were given nobility title "King Yi" instead.
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