Species of bird
The
white-throated magpie-jay
(
Calocitta formosa
) is a large Central American species of
magpie-jay
. It ranges in Pacific-slope
thorn forest
from
Jalisco
,
Mexico
, to
Guanacaste
,
Costa Rica
. Magpie-jays are noisy, gregarious birds, often traveling in easy-to-find flocks, mobbing their observers.
Taxonomy
[
edit
]
The white-throated magpie-jay was
formally described
in 1827 by the English naturalist
William John Swainson
from a specimen that had been collected by the naturalist
William Bullock
in
Temascaltepec
, Mexico. Swainson coined the
binomial name
Pica formosa
.
[2]
The specific epithet is from the Latin
formosus
meaning "beautiful".
[3]
The white-throated magpie-jay is one of two magpie-jays now placed in the
genus
Calocitta
that was introduced in 1841 by the English zoologist
George Robert Gray
with the white-throated magpie-jay as the
type species
.
[4]
[5]
The white-throated magpie-jay hybridizes in Jalisco with the
black-throated magpie-jay
(
C. colliei
), with which it forms a superspecies. There are three recognised subspecies, the nominate race, which is only found in southern Mexico;
C. f. azurea
, which is found in south eastern Mexico and western Guatemala, and
C. f. pompata
, which runs from south eastern Mexico to Costa Rica.
[6]
Description
[
edit
]
The white-throated magpie-jay is between 43 and 56 cm (17?22 in) in length and weighs 205 to 213 g (7.2?7.5 oz). The species has a particularly long tail and a slightly curved crest of
feathers
on the head. The crest is black in the nominate race, but has blue or white margins on the other two subspecies. The nominate race has a white face with a black crown and margin to the face, forming a narrow band around the throat, as well as a small drop below the eye. The black is less extensive in the other subspecies. The breast, belly and underside of the rump are white, and the wings, mantle and tail are blue (with whitish margins on the tail). The legs and eye are black, and the
bill
is grey. The
plumage
of the females is mostly as that of the male but duller on the top, with a narrower band across the chest, and the tail is shorter.
[6]
Distribution and habitat
[
edit
]
The white-throated magpie-jay is associated with a wide range of habitats from arid environments to semi-humid woodlands, from sea level up to 1,250 m (4,100 ft), although only occasionally higher than 800 m (2,600 ft). It occurs rarely in columnar
cacti
forest, but is common in thorn forest, gallery forest, deciduous woodland, forest edges and cultivated areas like coffee
plantations
. The species does not undertake any migratory movements, although males disperse away from their natal territories a few years after fledging. It is a common species across its range, and is not considered threatened by human activities.
[6]
Behaviour
[
edit
]
White-throated magpie-jays are
omnivorous
, consuming a wide range of animal and plant matter. Items included in the diet include invertebrates such as insects and caterpillars, frogs, lizards, eggs and nestlings of other birds, seeds, fruits, grain, and nectar from
Balsa
blossoms.
[6]
Younger birds take several years to acquire the full range of foraging skills of their parents.
[7]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
BirdLife International
(2012).
"
Calocitta formosa
"
.
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
.
2012
. Retrieved
26 November
2013
.
- ^
Swainson, William John
(1827).
"A synopsis of the birds discovered in Mexico by W. Bullock, F.L.S. and Mr. William Bullock jun"
.
Philosophical Magazine
. New Series.
1
: 433?442 [437].
doi
:
10.1080/14786442708674357
.
- ^
Jobling, James A. (2010).
The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
. London: Christopher Helm. p. 163.
ISBN
978-1-4081-2501-4
.
- ^
Gray, George Robert
(1841).
A List of the Genera of Birds : with their Synonyma and an Indication of the Typical Species of Each Genus
(2nd ed.). London: R. and J.E. Taylor. p. 50.
- ^
Gill, Frank
; Donsker, David;
Rasmussen, Pamela
, eds. (2020).
"Crows, mudnesters, birds-of-paradise"
.
IOC World Bird List Version 10.2
. International Ornithologists' Union
. Retrieved
9 October
2020
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
Marzluff, John (2009). "Family Corvidae (Crows)". In del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Christie, David (eds.).
Handbook of the Birds of the World
. Vol. 14: Bush-shrikes to Old World Sparrows. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. p. 587.
ISBN
978-84-96553-50-7
.
- ^
Langen, Tom (1996). "Skill acquisition and the timing of natal dispersal in the white-throated magpie-jay,
Calocitta formosa
".
Animal Behaviour
.
51
(3): 575?588.
CiteSeerX
10.1.1.515.2643
.
doi
:
10.1006/anbe.1996.0061
.
S2CID
1377098
.
External links
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Azure-winged
magpies
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Grey
jays
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New World
jays
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