Ten states of Germany, previously states in former West Germany
"Western Germany" redirects here. For the country that existed from 1949 until 1990, see
West Germany
.
The
old states of Germany
(
German
:
die alten Lander
) is a jargon referring to the ten of the sixteen
states
of the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) that were part of
West Germany
and that
unified
with the eastern
German Democratic Republic
's 5 states, which are given the contrasting term
new states of Germany
. Usage of this terminology usually excludes one other state, Berlin, conterminous with the capital city of the reunified nation which used to be divided, with its western part linked with West Germany.
The old states are
Baden-Wurttemberg
,
Bavaria
,
Bremen
,
Hamburg
,
Hesse
,
Lower Saxony
,
North Rhine-Westphalia
,
Rhineland-Palatinate
,
Saarland
, and
Schleswig-Holstein
. The state of
Berlin
, the result of a merger between
East
and
West Berlin
, is usually not considered one of the old states although West Berlin was associated with the
Federal Republic of Germany
, but its status was disputed because of the
Four Power Agreement on Berlin
.
Demographics
[
edit
]
In the old states, the populations also developed differently. In Baden-Wurttemberg, Bavaria, Hamburg, Hesse and Schleswig-Holstein, the population increased steadily. In Saarland, on the other hand, the population dropped steadily. The population of North Rhine-Westphalia (until 2004), Lower Saxony and Rhineland-Palatinate (both until 2003) initially increased and then fell off again. The population of Bremen dropped until the year 2001, then rose to the year 2007 and began to fall again in 2008.
Since 1980, birth rates have been relatively constant.
[1]
Migration
[
edit
]
There are more migrants in former West Germany than in former East Germany.
[2]
[3]
[4]
Religion
[
edit
]
Eurostat
's
Eurobarometer
survey in 2015, found that Christians comprised 81.4% of the total population; by denomination, Catholics were 37.1%, members of the Protestant Churches were 36.5%, members of other Christian denominations were 7.2%, the Christian Orthodox were 0.6%. Around 6.7% of the adult population themselves as agnostics or non believer, while 7.4% declared themselves as atheists. Muslims comprised 2.8% of the total population.
[5]
Economy
[
edit
]
The
standard of living
and annual income remains significantly higher in the old states.
[6]
In former West Germany, there is more income than in the East.
[1]
In former West Germany, there were smaller farms than in the east.
[1]
In the old states there are fewer unemployed than in the new states.
[7]
[8]
Politics
[
edit
]
In the West and West Berlin
[9]
the
Union
,
SPD
,
FDP
and
Greens
are stronger, but right-wing populist parties and
The Left
are weaker than in the east.
[10]
[11]
Unlike in the East, there are not 3 or 4 (since 2016) equally-strong parties but a "two-party dominance" of the SPD and CDU.
[12]
A study of the University of Berlin from 1998?1999 comes to 13% for the whole of Germany, and 12% for the West and 17% for the East for right-wing extremist recruitment potential.
[13]
In the
2017 Federal Election
, AfD reached ~ 22%
[14]
in the East and ~ 11%
[15]
in the West.
[16]
There is also a higher voter turnout in the West.
[12]
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
a
b
c
"ZEIT ONLINE | Lesen Sie zeit.de mit Werbung oder im PUR-Abo. Sie haben die Wahl"
.
www.zeit.de
.
Archived
from the original on 2019-11-10
. Retrieved
2021-02-26
.
- ^
"Die Rechten ziehen in den Osten, Auslander in den Westen"
.
katapult-magazin.de
.
Archived
from the original on 2018-07-12
. Retrieved
2021-02-26
.
- ^
Bildung, Bundeszentrale fur politische.
"Auslandische Bevolkerung nach Bundeslandern | bpb"
.
bpb.de
.
Archived
from the original on 2019-05-07
. Retrieved
2021-02-26
.
- ^
"Auslandische Bewohner in den deutschen Bundeslandern"
.
www.laenderdaten.de
.
Archived
from the original on 2018-07-12
. Retrieved
2021-02-26
.
- ^
"Discrimination in the EU in 2015"
,
Special Eurobarometer
, 437,
European Union
:
European Commission
, 2015, archived from
the original
on 7 October 2019
, retrieved
2 March
2019
– via
GESIS
- ^
"The Price of a Failed Reunification"
. Spiegel International. 2005-09-05.
Archived
from the original on 2007-11-20
. Retrieved
2006-11-28
.
- ^
"ZEIT ONLINE | Lesen Sie zeit.de mit Werbung oder im PUR-Abo. Sie haben die Wahl"
.
www.zeit.de
.
Archived
from the original on 2018-04-13
. Retrieved
2021-02-26
.
- ^
"Statistiken nach Regionen - Statistik der Bundesagentur fur Arbeit"
.
statistik.arbeitsagentur.de
.
Archived
from the original on 2021-02-26
. Retrieved
2021-02-26
.
- ^
"Ergebnisse in Ost und West: Berlin bleibt bei der Wahl gespalten | RBB|24"
. Archived from
the original
on 2018-08-24
. Retrieved
2017-11-12
.
- ^
"Bundestagswahl: Osten wahlt immer noch anders als der Westen"
.
www.wiwo.de
.
Archived
from the original on 2015-08-19
. Retrieved
2017-11-12
.
- ^
"Zahlen & Fakten - Ost und West wahlen noch immer unterschiedlich - Statistisches Bundesamt (Destatis)"
. Archived from
the original
on 2017-11-13
. Retrieved
2017-11-12
.
- ^
a
b
Holtkamp, Lars; Bathge, Thomas.
"Parteien und Parteienwettbewerb in West- und Ostdeutschland | bpb"
.
bpb.de
.
Archived
from the original on 2019-05-22
. Retrieved
2017-11-11
.
- ^
Nach Iris Huth:
Politische Verdrossenheit
, Band 3, 2004, S. 226.
- ^
"Bundestagswahlen - Neue Bundeslander und Berlin-Ost"
.
www.wahlen-in-deutschland.de
.
Archived
from the original on 2017-10-23
. Retrieved
2017-11-12
.
- ^
"Bundestagswahlen - Alte Bundeslander und Berlin-West"
.
www.wahlen-in-deutschland.de
.
Archived
from the original on 2017-10-24
. Retrieved
2017-11-12
.
- ^
"Bundestagswahl 2017"
.
Archived
from the original on 2017-10-23
. Retrieved
2017-11-12
.