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Traditionally, Vietnamese family has a kinship system and abided by the concepts of filial piety . However, these are often regarded as old wisdoms and traditions of Vietnamese culture rather than enacted policies.

Kinship system [ edit ]

Traditionally the head of the Vietnamese family (Vietnamese: gia đinh ) was the husband, often named gia tr??ng . Many families which have the same origin compose a "line of the blood", called đ?i gia đinh or gia t?c or h? . The head of a đ?i gia đinh was the man who is at the highest status in the đ?i gia đinh , named t?c tr??ng . According to the Vietnamese creation myth, all Vietnamese people descend from two progenitors L?c Long Quan and Au C? .

Nine generations (Vietnamese: th? h? or đ?i ) are recognized in terms, including:

K? (K? ong/ K? ba)  : my great-grandparents' parents (my great-grandparents' father/mother)

C? (C? ong/ C? ba)  : my great-grandparents (my great-grandfather/great grandmother)

Ong ba  : my grandparents (my grandfather/grandmother)

Cha M?  : my parents (father/mother)

Ta/Toi  : I

Con (Con trai/Con gai)  : my children (my son/daughter)

Chau (Chau trai/Chau gai)  : my grandchildren (my grandson/granddaughter)

Ch?t (Ch?t trai/ch?t gai): my great-grandchildren My great-grandson/great-granddaughter)

Chut (or Chit)(Chut trai/Chut gai): my great-grandchildren's children (my great-grandchildren's son/daughter)

Usually, there are three generations are in co-residence, called tam đ?i đ?ng đ??ng .

Horizontally, there are brothers/sisters that share our same parent, named anh ch? em ru?t and cousins who share the same grandparents, named anh ch? em h? . The adopted brothers/sisters are anh ch? em nuoi . The half-brother/sisters who share the same father but different mothers are anh ch? em d? bao and the half-brothers/sisters who share the same mother but different fathers are anh ch? em đ?ng m?u d? ph? . The husband of the sisters are anh/em r? and the wife of the brothers are ch?/em dau . The brothers/sisters of the husband are anh ch? em ch?ng and the brothers/sisters of our wife are anh ch? em v? . Two men whose wives are sisters are anh em c?c cheo and two women whose husbands are brothers are ch? em dau .

Parents [ edit ]

There are multiple terms for fathers and mothers depending on their status relative to the family. Traditionally, there are three terms for fathers (Vietnamese: tam ph? ) and eight terms for mothers (Vietnamese: bat m?u ).

Tam ph? [ edit ]

Than ph? : blood-father.

Gia ph? or cha d??ng or cha gh? : mother's present husband

D??ng ph? : adopted father.

Bat m?u [ edit ]

đich m?u : father's official first wife

K? m?u : father's wife, replacing the position of official first wife after death

T? m?u : adopted mother, belonging to family

D??ng m?u : adopted mother, does not belong to family

Th? m?u : blood-mother, official non-first wife

Gia m?u : blood-mother remarried after blood-father died

Xu?t m?u : blooded mother divorced or separated from our blood-father

Nh? m?u : wetnurse (i.e. an unrelated woman who breastfed them)

The principle named đ?o hi?u is the same concept as filial piety . ^[1]

Marriage [ edit ]

An engagement ceremony usually takes place half a year or so before the wedding. In the past, most marriages (Vietnamese: hon nhan) were arranged by the parents or extended family, and while children were sometimes consulted, it was nearly always the parents' final decision. It was not unusual for the bride and groom to meet for the first time at the day of their engagement. However, in the last few decades, Vietnamese women and men marry based on love rather than arranged marriages. This level of freedom is attributed to the influence of the Western cultures beginning from the French. ^[2]

Name [ edit ]

A Vietnamese name consists of three components, h? , ten đ?m , and ten g?i .

H? is the name of the person's line of blood.

Ten đ?m is the person's middle name.

Ten is the person's given name.

Personal pronoun [ edit ]

Vietnamese personal pronouns are formed according to the position of the speakers and listeners in their families.

See also [ edit ]

• Culture of Vietnam

References [ edit ]

• Vietnamese book: "N?p c?- Trong h? ngoai lang- Ta v? ta t?m ao ta- Phong t?c x?a đ?i v?i ph? n? Vi?t Nam' (Author: Toan Anh).