1921 treaty between the United States and Hungary
The
U.S.?Hungarian Peace Treaty
is a peace treaty between the
United States
and the
Kingdom of Hungary
, signed in Budapest on August 29, 1921, in the aftermath of the
First World War
. This separate peace treaty was required because the
United States Senate
refused to ratify the multilateral
Treaty of Trianon
.
Ratifications were exchanged in Budapest on December 17, 1921, and the treaty became effective on the same day. The treaty was registered in the
League of Nations Treaty Series
on May 8, 1926.
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Background
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During the First World War, Hungary?which formed part of the nucleus of the
Austro-Hungarian Empire
?was defeated by the
Allied Powers
, one of which was the
United States of America
. The U.S. government declared war on Austria-Hungary on December 7, 1917. At the end of the war in 1918, Austria-Hungary disintegrated and Hungary was established as a
democratic republic
, to be replaced by a
regency
in search of a king in early 1920.
In 1919, the victorious Allied Powers held a
peace conference in Paris
to formulate peace treaties with the defeated
Central Powers
. At the conference,
a peace treaty with the Hungarian government
was concluded. Although the US government was among the signatories of that treaty, the Senate refused to ratify the treaty due to opposition to joining the
League of Nations
.
As a result, the two governments started negotiations for a bilateral peace treaty not connected to the League of Nations. Such a treaty was concluded on August 29, 1921.
Terms of the treaty
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Article 1 obliged the Hungarian government to grant to the US government all rights and privileges enjoyed by the other Allied Powers who ratified the peace treaty signed in Paris.
Article 2 specified which articles of the Trianon treaty shall apply to the United States.
Article 3 provided for the exchange of ratifications in Budapest.
Aftermath
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The treaty laid the foundations for a U.S.?Hungarian cooperation not under the strict supervision of the League of Nations. As a result, the U.S. government embarked on a path of partially assisting the government of Hungary to ease the burden of war reparations imposed in the Treaty of Trianon.
The treaty was supplemented by a treaty signed in Washington on November 26, 1924, which provided for the establishment of a mixed U.S.?Austrian?Hungarian commission to decide amount of reparations to be paid by the Austrian and Hungarian governments to the U.S.
[3]
See also
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References
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External links
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