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1745 treaty ending the Second Silesian War
The
Treaty of Dresden
was signed on 25 December 1745 at the Saxon capital of
Dresden
between
Austria
,
Saxony
and
Prussia
, ending the
Second Silesian War
.
In the 1742
Treaty of Breslau
,
Maria Theresa of Austria
, struggling for the
succession
after her father
Emperor Charles VI
according to the
Pragmatic Sanction of 1713
, had to cede most of the
Bohemian
province of
Silesia
to the attacking King
Frederick II of Prussia
. In the following years, however, she was able to strengthen her position. She attacked the
Electorate of Bavaria
and in January 1745 achieved the support of
Great Britain
, the
Dutch Republic
and Saxony to reconquer Silesia. Furthermore, her rival,
Emperor Charles VII
, died a few days later, and on 22 April 1745 his son and successor, Elector
Maximilian III Joseph of Bavaria
, concluded the
Treaty of Fussen
with her.
By the end of May 1745, Austrian and Saxon troops invaded Prussian Silesia but were halted by Prussian forces at the
Battle of Hohenfriedberg
on 4 June. Maria Theresa's husband
Francis I
was finally elected
Holy Roman Emperor
on 13 September, and Frederick's troops gained shining victories at
Soor
and
Kesselsdorf
, occupying Dresden on 18 December. Frederick, however, had to cope with a rising number of enemy powers and expiring resources, all the more because he had failed to obtain support from Empress
Elizabeth of Russia
. Facing the situation, both sides agreed on a
status quo
.
Based on the terms of the agreement, Frederick acknowledged Francis as Holy Roman Emperor. In return, he maintained control over Silesia. The actually-disadvantaged side was Saxony, which had to pay Prussia one million
rixdollars
in reparations. Overall, the accord ratified and confirmed the tenets of both the
Treaty of Breslau
and the
Treaty of Berlin
. The accord brought the Second Silesian War to an official end.
[1]
[2]
See also
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