Province of Turkey
Province and metropolitan municipality in Turkey
Trabzon Province
(
Turkish
:
Trabzon ili
) is a
province
and
metropolitan municipality
of
Turkey
on the
Black Sea
coast. Its area is 4,628 km
2
,
[2]
and its population is 818,023 (2022).
[1]
Located in a strategically important region, Trabzon is one of the oldest
trade
port
cities in
Anatolia
. Neighbouring provinces are
Giresun
to the west,
Gumu?hane
to the southwest,
Bayburt
to the southeast and
Rize
to the east. Aziz Yıldırım was appointed Governor of the province in August 2023.
[3]
The capital of the province is
Trabzon
.
Districts
[
edit
]
Trabzon province is divided into 18
districts
:
Districts along the 114 km coastline (from west to east):
Be?ikduzu
,
Vakfıkebir
,
Car?ıba?ı
,
Akcaabat
,
Ortahisar
,
Yomra
,
Arsin
,
Araklı
,
Surmene
and
Of
.
[4]
Districts inland:
Tonya
,
Duzkoy
,
?alpazarı
,
Macka
,
Kopruba?ı
,
Dernekpazarı
,
Hayrat
and
Caykara
.
Be?ikduzu and ?alpazarı gained district status in 1988, Car?ıba?ı, Duzkoy, Kopruba?ı, Dernekpazarı and Hayrat in 1990. The district Ortahisar was created from the former central district of Trabzon Province at the
2013 Turkish local government reorganisation
.
[5]
[6]
History
[
edit
]
Sumela Monastery
in the
Pontic Mountains
, near
Macka
A traditional rural Pontic house in Livera village,
Macka
district
Uzungol
village and lake in
Caykara
Another village in
Caykara
A traditional house in
Caykara
Remarkably attractive throughout its history,
Trabzon
was the subject of hundreds of
travel books
by western
travellers
, some of whom had named it "city of
tale
in the East." The capital city
Trabzon
was founded, as Trapezus, by Greek colonists from Sinope, modern
Sinop, Turkey
. Starting from the 9th century BC, the city had also been mentioned by historians such as
Homeros
,
Herodotus
,
Hesiodos
. The first written source regarding Trabzon is
Anabasis
, authored by
Xenophon
.
An important
Roman
and
Byzantine
centre, it was the capital of the
Empire of Trebizond
from 1204 to 1461. Trabzon was subsequently made part of the
Ottoman Empire
by
Mehmet the Conqueror
. After the region was conquered in 1461, the
Fatih Medrese
(1462),
Hatuniye Medrese
(1515),
?skender Pasha Medrese
(1529) and
Hamza Pasha Medrese
(1543) were established as important
medreses
(educational centers; some of them within
kulliye
complexes) of the period.
[7]
It was initially a
sanjak
before gaining the status of
eyalet
, and finally became a
vilayet
in 1868.
The province was a site of major fighting between Ottoman and
Russian
forces during the
Caucasus Campaign
of
World War I
, which resulted in the capture of the city of Trabzon by the Russian army under command of
Grand Duke Nicholas
and
Nikolai Yudenich
in April 1916. The province was restored to Turkish control in early 1918 following Russia's exit from World War I with the
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
.
In Turkey
[
edit
]
In September 1935 the third
Inspectorate General
(
Umumi Mufetti?lik,
UM) was created.
[8]
Its creation was based on the Law 1164 from June 1927,
[9]
which was passed in order to
Turkefy
the population.
[10]
The Trabzon province was included in this area. The third UM span over the provinces of
Erzurum
,
Artvin
,
Rize
, Trabzon,
Kars
,
Gumu?hane
,
Erzincan
and
A?rı
. It was governed by an Inspector General seated in the city of
Erzurum
.
[8]
[11]
The Inspectorate General was dissolved in 1952 during the Government of the
Democrat Party
.
[12]
Archaeology
[
edit
]
In April 2021, archaeologists announced the discovery of
Roman
and Byzantine period archeological remains in the
Ortahisar
district. The southern part of the wicker columns and fortifications of the Roman emperor
Hadrian's
period, trench walls of
Byzantine period
dating back to 1460 have been discovered. Remains of Roman tiles and pottery were also discovered during the excavations. According to the Trabzon City Municipality, the excavation area is planned to be turned into an
open-air museum
.
[13]
[14]
[15]
Attractions
[
edit
]
Demographics
[
edit
]
Historical population
Year
| Pop.
| ±% p.a.
|
---|
1927
| 290,303
| ?
|
---|
1935
| 360,679
| +2.75%
|
---|
1940
| 390,733
| +1.61%
|
---|
1945
| 395,733
| +0.25%
|
---|
1950
| 420,279
| +1.21%
|
---|
1955
| 462,249
| +1.92%
|
---|
1960
| 532,999
| +2.89%
|
---|
1965
| 595,782
| +2.25%
|
---|
1970
| 659,120
| +2.04%
|
---|
1975
| 719,008
| +1.75%
|
---|
| Year
| Pop.
| ±% p.a.
|
---|
1980
| 731,045
| +0.33%
|
---|
1985
| 786,194
| +1.47%
|
---|
1990
| 795,849
| +0.24%
|
---|
1997
| 858,687
| +1.09%
|
---|
2000
| 979,081
| +4.47%
|
---|
2007
| 740,569
| ?3.91%
|
---|
2012
| 757,898
| +0.46%
|
---|
2017
| 786,326
| +0.74%
|
---|
2022
| 818,023
| +0.79%
|
---|
|
Source: TUIK (2007?2022)
[1]
|
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
a
b
c
"Population Of SRE-1, SRE-2, Provinces and Districts"
.
TUIK
. Retrieved
20 June
2023
.
- ^
"?l ve ?lce Yuz olcumleri"
. General Directorate of Mapping
. Retrieved
19 September
2023
.
- ^
"Aziz Yıldırım"
. Trabzon Valili?i
. Retrieved
24 October
2023
.
- ^
Trabzon city
Archived
2011-11-03 at the
Wayback Machine
- ^
"?l ?daresi ve Mulki Bolumler ?ube Mudurlu?u ?statistikleri - ?l ve ?lce Kurulu? Tarihleri"
(PDF)
(in Turkish). p. 80
. Retrieved
12 October
2023
.
- ^
"Law No. 6360"
.
Official Gazette
(in Turkish). 6 December 2012.
- ^
Trabzon history
Archived
2008-06-12 at the
Wayback Machine
- ^
a
b
"Ucuncu Umumi Mufetti?li?i'nin Kurulması ve III. Umumi Mufetti? Tahsin Uzer'in Bazı Onemli Faaliyetleri"
.
Dergipark
. p. 2
. Retrieved
8 April
2020
.
- ^
Aydogan, Erdal.
"Ucuncu Umumi Mufetti?li?i'nin Kurulması ve III. Umumi Mufetti? Tahsin Uzer'in Bazı Onemli Faaliyetleri"
. Retrieved
8 April
2020
.
- ^
Ungor, Umut.
"Young Turk social engineering : mass violence and the nation state in eastern Turkey, 1913- 1950"
(PDF)
.
University of Amsterdam
. pp. 244?247
. Retrieved
8 April
2020
.
- ^
Bayir, Derya (2016-04-22).
Minorities and Nationalism in Turkish Law
. Routledge. pp. 139?141.
ISBN
978-1-317-09579-8
.
- ^
Fleet, Kate; Kunt, I. Metin; Kasaba, Re?at; Faroqhi, Suraiya (2008-04-17).
The Cambridge History of Turkey
. Cambridge University Press. p. 343.
ISBN
978-0-521-62096-3
.
- ^
?afak, Yeni (2021-04-10).
"Otopark projesi icin yapılan kazı sırasında bulundu: Acık hava muzesi olacak"
.
Yeni ?afak
(in Turkish)
. Retrieved
2021-04-14
.
- ^
SAYKAL/TRABZON, (DHA), Selay.
"Trabzon'da kazı calı?maları sırasında bulundu! Muzeye donu?turulecek"
.
www.hurriyet.com.tr
(in Turkish)
. Retrieved
2021-04-14
.
- ^
"Trabzon'da kazı calı?maları sırasında bulundu! Muzeye donu?turulecek"
.
www.msn.com
. Retrieved
2021-04-14
.
External links
[
edit
]
40°46′50″N
39°48′44″E
/
40.78056°N 39.81222°E
/
40.78056; 39.81222
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Districts
| | ![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/NUTS_Map_of_Turkey.png/100px-NUTS_Map_of_Turkey.png) Districts of Trabzon
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International
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National
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Geographic
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