From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
18th-century Albanian alphabetical writing system
Todhri
|
---|
Script type
| alphabet
|
---|
Time period
| 18th century
|
---|
Direction
| Right to left
|
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Languages
| Albanian
|
---|
|
ISO 15924
| Todr
(229)
, Todhri
|
---|
The
Todhri alphabet
is an 18th-century Albanian
alphabetical
writing system invented for writing the
Albanian language
by
Theodhor Haxhifilipi
, also known as Dhaskal Todhri.
[1]
History
[
edit
]
It is a complex writing system of fifty-two characters which was used sporadically for written communication in and around
Elbasan
from the late eighteenth century on. The earliest dated text in Todhri's alphabet is
Radhua Hesapesh
(
daybook
) of a local merchant partnership known as Jakov Popa i Vogel dhe Shoket (Jakov Popa Junior and Friends). The entries in Todhri's alphabet start on 10 August 1795 and continue until 1797. An even older text written in the Todhri alphabet was discovered recently in a family notebook in Elbasan, dated 1 January 1780.
[2]
Other older texts possibly written by Todhri himself cannot be dated or confirmed.
[3]
The Todhri alphabet was rediscovered in Elbasan by
Johann Georg von Hahn
(1811?1869) who published it in 1854 his work Albanesische Studien in
Jena
.
[4]
He thought it was 'the original' Albanian alphabet and a derivative of the ancient
Phoenician alphabet
.
Leopold Geitler
(1847?1885) and
Slovenian
scholar
Rajko Nahtigal
(1877?1958) subsequently studied the alphabet, concluding that it was derived primarily from the
Roman cursive
.
[5]
Unicode
[
edit
]
A Todri block was accepted for inclusion in Unicode 16.0, to be released in 2024.
[6]
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
Stefanaq Pollo (1983).
Historia e Shqiperise: Vitet 30 te shek. XIX-1912
. Akademia e Shkencave e RPS te Shqiperise, Instituti i Historise. p. 169.
- ^
Yll Rugova (2022).
Malte Bruni dhe fillimi i studimeve mbi alfabetet origjinale te gjuhes shqipe
. In Studimet per Shqiptaret ne France, ASHAK Prishtina, pp. 571?2
- ^
Dhimiter Shuteriqi (1976),
Shkrimet Shqipe ne Vitet 1332-1850
, Tirana: Academy of Sciences of PR of Albania, p. 140,
OCLC
252881121
- ^
Johann Georg Hahn (30 May 2015).
The Discovery of Albania: Travel Writing and Anthropology in the Nineteenth Century Balkans
. I.B.Tauris. p. 8.
ISBN
9781784532925
.
- ^
Elsie, Robert.
"The Elbasan Gospel Manuscript (Anonimi i Elbasanit), 1761, and the struggle for an original Albanian alphabet"
(PDF)
.
elsie.de
. p. 4.
- ^
"Unicode 16.0.0"
.
www.unicode.org
.