Titanium tetrafluoride

Titanium(IV) fluoride
Names
	IUPAC name Titanium(IV) fluoride
	Other names Titanium tetrafluoride
Identifiers
CAS Number	7783-63-3 ;
3D model ( JSmol )	Interactive image ;
ChemSpider	7988529 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.029.106
EC Number	232-017-6 ;
PubChem CID	121824 ;
UNII	T08RW8YRG1 ;
CompTox Dashboard ( EPA )	DTXSID50894996 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/4FH.Ti/h41H;/q;;;;+4/p-4 Key: XROWMBWRMNHXMF-UHFFFAOYSA-J ; InChI=1/4FH.Ti/h41H;/q;;;;+4/p-4 Key: XROWMBWRMNHXMF-XBHQNQODAM ;
	SMILES F[Ti](F)(F)F ;
Properties
Chemical formula	TiF 4
Molar mass	123.861 g/mol
Appearance	white powder
Density	2.798 g/cm 3
Melting point	377 °C (711 °F; 650 K)
Boiling point	sublimes
Hazards
	GHS labelling :
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H302 , H312 , H314 , H332
Precautionary statements	P260 , P261 , P264 , P270 , P271 , P280 , P301+P312 , P301+P330+P331 , P302+P352 , P303+P361+P353 , P304+P312 , P304+P340 , P305+P351+P338 , P310 , P312 , P322 , P330 , P363 , P405
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	3 0 0
Related compounds
Other anions	Titanium(IV) bromide ; Titanium(IV) chloride ; Titanium(IV) iodide
Related compounds	Titanium(III) fluoride
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify ( what is ?) Infobox references

Titanium(IV) fluoride is the inorganic compound with the formula Ti F ₄. It is a white hygroscopic solid. In contrast to the other tetrahalides of titanium, it adopts a polymeric structure. ^[2] In common with the other tetrahalides, TiF ₄ is a strong Lewis acid .

Preparation and structure [ edit ]

The traditional method involves treatment of titanium tetrachloride with excess hydrogen fluoride : ^[3]

TiCl ₄ + 4 HF → TiF ₄ + 4 HCl

Purification is by sublimation, which involves reversible cracking of the polymeric structure. ^[4] X-ray crystallography reveals that the Ti centres are octahedral, but conjoined in an unusual columnar structure. ^[5]

Reactions [ edit ]

TiF ₄ forms adducts with many ligands. One example is the complex cis -TiF ₄(CH ₃CN) ₂, which is formed by treatment with acetonitrile . ^[6] It is also used as a reagent in the preparation of organofluorine compounds . ^[7] With fluoride, the cluster [Ti ₄F ₁₈] ^2- forms. It has an adamantane-like Ti ₄F ₆ core. ^[8]

Related to its Lewis acidity , TiF ₄ forms a variety of hexafluorides also called hexafluorotitanates. Hexafluorotitanic acid has been used commercially to clean metal surfaces. These salts are stable at pH<4 in the presence of hydrogen fluoride , otherwise they hydrolyze to give oxides . ^[3]

References [ edit ]

^ "Titanium tetrafluoride" . pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov . Retrieved 12 December 2021 .
^ Greenwood, Norman N. ; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann . ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8 .
^ ^a ^b Meshri, Dayal T. (2000). "Fluorine Compounds, Inorganic, Titanium". Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology . doi : 10.1002/0471238961.2009200113051908.a01 . ISBN 978-0-471-48494-3 .
^ Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Edited by G. Brauer, Academic Press, 1963, NY. Vol. 1. p. 200.
^ Bialowons, H.; Mueller, M.; Mueller, B.G. (1995). "Titantetrafluorid - Eine Uberraschend einfache Kolumnarstruktur". Zeitschrift fur Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie . 621 (7): 1227?1231. doi : 10.1002/zaac.19956210720 .
^ Nikiforov, Grigory B.; Roesky, Herbert W.; Koley, Debasis (2014). "A survey of Titanium Fluoride Complexes, Their Preparation, Reactivity, and Applications". Coordination Chemistry Reviews . 258?259: 16?57. doi : 10.1016/j.ccr.2013.09.002 .
^ Blizzard, T. A.; Sikervar, Vikas (2014). "Titanium(IV) Fluoride". Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis . pp. 1?5. doi : 10.1002/047084289X.rn00123.pub2 . ISBN 978-0-470-84289-8 .
^ Mazej, Zoran; Goreshnik, Evgeny (2009). "Poly[perfluorotitanate(IV)] Salts of [H ₃O] ⁺, Cs ⁺, [Me ₄N] ⁺, and [Ph ₄P] ⁺ and about the Existence of an Isolated [Ti ₂F ₉] ^? Anion in the Solid State". Inorganic Chemistry . 48 (14): 6918?6923. doi : 10.1021/ic9009338 . PMID 19545141 .

[1] "Titanium tetrafluoride" . pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov . Retrieved 12 December 2021 .

[2] Greenwood, Norman N. ; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann . ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8 .

[KO-3] Meshri, Dayal T. (2000). "Fluorine Compounds, Inorganic, Titanium". Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology . doi : 10.1002/0471238961.2009200113051908.a01 . ISBN 978-0-471-48494-3 .

[4] Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Edited by G. Brauer, Academic Press, 1963, NY. Vol. 1. p. 200.

[5] Bialowons, H.; Mueller, M.; Mueller, B.G. (1995). "Titantetrafluorid - Eine Uberraschend einfache Kolumnarstruktur". Zeitschrift fur Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie . 621 (7): 1227?1231. doi : 10.1002/zaac.19956210720 .

[6] Nikiforov, Grigory B.; Roesky, Herbert W.; Koley, Debasis (2014). "A survey of Titanium Fluoride Complexes, Their Preparation, Reactivity, and Applications". Coordination Chemistry Reviews . 258?259: 16?57. doi : 10.1016/j.ccr.2013.09.002 .

[7] Blizzard, T. A.; Sikervar, Vikas (2014). "Titanium(IV) Fluoride". Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis . pp. 1?5. doi : 10.1002/047084289X.rn00123.pub2 . ISBN 978-0-470-84289-8 .

[8] Mazej, Zoran; Goreshnik, Evgeny (2009). "Poly[perfluorotitanate(IV)] Salts of [H ₃O] ⁺, Cs ⁺, [Me ₄N] ⁺, and [Ph ₄P] ⁺ and about the Existence of an Isolated [Ti ₂F ₉] ^? Anion in the Solid State". Inorganic Chemistry . 48 (14): 6918?6923. doi : 10.1021/ic9009338 . PMID 19545141 .

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