City in Oklahoma
City in Oklahoma, United States
Tishomingo
is the largest city in, and the
county seat
of,
Johnston County
,
Oklahoma
, United States.
[4]
The population was 3,034 at the 2010 census, a decline of 4.1 percent from the figure of 3,162 in 2000.
[5]
It was the first capital of the
Chickasaw Nation
, from 1856 until Oklahoma statehood in 1907.
[6]
The city is home to
Murray State College
, a
community college
with an annual enrollment of 3,015 students. Tishomingo is part of the
Texoma
region.
History
[
edit
]
Tishomingo was named for
Tishomingo
, who died of
smallpox
on the
Trail of Tears
near
Little Rock, Arkansas
, after the Chickasaws had been removed from their original homelands in and around
Tishomingo, Mississippi
.
[6]
Before the founding of Tishomingo in 1852, the area was known as "Good Springs", for the presence of several springs that made the area a suitable campsite along the road between
Fort Washita
and
Fort Arbuckle
. A small town had replaced the old campsites with permanent structures and had been renamed "Tishomingo" by 1856, when it was designated as the Chickasaw capital. A post office was established in 1857.
[6]
The
Chickasaw Capitol Building
was constructed in 1897 from local red granite and officially dedicated in 1898. It housed the tribal governor, the bicameral legislature and other government officials and clerks. The territorial court also met there from time to time. The territorial government was dissolved at statehood. In 1910, the building was sold to Johnston County, becoming the county court house.
[6]
The Western Oklahoma Railroad was built from
Haileyville
to
Ardmore
via Tishomingo in 1902, and bought by the
Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railway
in the same year. It was abandoned in 1938.
[6]
Tishomingo Cemetery dates back to at least 1832. Notables buried there include two former Oklahoma governors,
William H. Murray
and
Johnston Murray
, and Chickasaw Nation governors Douglas H. Johnson and Robert M. Harris.
[6]
Geography
[
edit
]
Tishomingo is located in south-central Johnston County.
U.S. Route 377
runs through the center of the city, leading south 13 miles (21 km) to
Madill
and north 40 miles (64 km) to
Ada
.
Oklahoma State Highway 22
also passes through the center of Tishomingo, leading southeast 23 miles (37 km) to
Kenefic
and west 4 miles (6 km) to
Ravia
.
Ardmore
is 31 miles (50 km) west of Tishomingo, and
Oklahoma City
is 116 miles (187 km) to the northwest.
[6]
According to the
United States Census Bureau
, Tishomingo has a total area of 4.5 square miles (11.6 km
2
), of which 4.4 square miles (11.3 km
2
) are land and 0.1 square miles (0.3 km
2
), or 2.38%, are water.
[7]
Pennington Creek flows through the west side of the city, leading south 2 miles (3 km) to the
Washita River
where it becomes an arm of
Lake Texoma
. The
Tishomingo National Wildlife Refuge
, covering the bottomlands of the river and creek valleys, borders the city to the south.
Demographics
[
edit
]
Historical population
Census
| Pop.
| Note
| %±
|
1910
| 1,408
| | ?
|
---|
1920
| 1,871
| | 32.9%
|
---|
1930
| 1,281
| | ?31.5%
|
---|
1940
| 1,951
| | 52.3%
|
---|
1950
| 2,325
| | 19.2%
|
---|
1960
| 2,381
| | 2.4%
|
---|
1970
| 2,663
| | 11.8%
|
---|
1980
| 3,212
| | 20.6%
|
---|
1990
| 3,116
| | ?3.0%
|
---|
2000
| 2,987
| | ?4.1%
|
---|
2010
| 3,034
| | 1.6%
|
---|
2020
| 3,101
| | 2.2%
|
---|
As of the
census
[3]
of 2000, there were 3,162 people, 1,218 households, and 768 families residing in the city. The population density was 671.0 inhabitants per square mile (259.1/km
2
). There were 1,407 housing units at an average density of 298.6 per square mile (115.3/km
2
). The racial makeup of the city was 73.12%
White
, 4.65%
African American
, 15.24%
Native American
, 0.44%
Asian
, 0.03%
Pacific Islander
, 0.98% from
other races
, and 5.53% from two or more races.
Hispanic
or
Latino
of any race were 3.04% of the population.
There were 1,218 households, out of which 30.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.8% were
married couples
living together, 15.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.9% were non-families. 32.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 3.02.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 24.8% under the age of 18, 14.2% from 18 to 24, 22.9% from 25 to 44, 19.8% from 45 to 64, and 18.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.8 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $20,938, and the median income for a family was $28,462. Males had a median income of $25,655 versus $16,957 for females. The
per capita income
for the city was $14,429. About 21.8% of families and 27.1% of the population were below the
poverty line
, including 31.6% of those under age 18 and 20.9% of those age 65 or over.
Government
[
edit
]
Tishomingo has a home-rule charter form of government,
[6]
headed by a city manager and city council.
[9]
Notable people
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
"ArcGIS REST Services Directory"
. United States Census Bureau
. Retrieved
September 20,
2022
.
- ^
a
b
U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Tishomingo, Oklahoma
- ^
a
b
"U.S. Census website"
.
United States Census Bureau
. Retrieved
January 31,
2008
.
- ^
"Find a County"
. National Association of Counties
. Retrieved
June 7,
2011
.
- ^
CensusViewer:Population of the City of Tishomingo, Oklahoma.
[1]
Archived
June 15, 2013, at the
Wayback Machine
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
Maxine Bamburg, "Tishomingo."
Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture
.
Accessed May 12, 2015
- ^
"Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Census Summary File 1 (G001): Tishomingo city, Oklahoma"
.
American Factfinder
. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from
the original
on February 13, 2020
. Retrieved
October 18,
2018
.
- ^
"Census of Population and Housing"
. Census.gov
. Retrieved
June 4,
2015
.
- ^
"
"City of Tishomingo home page. Accessed November 29, 2019"
. Archived from
the original
on December 16, 2019
. Retrieved
November 30,
2019
.
- ^
"Chickasaw Nation Ambassador Charles W. Blackwell ? a Man of Vision"
.
KXII
. January 4, 2013. Archived from
the original
on January 8, 2013
. Retrieved
January 20,
2013
.
External links
[
edit
]