Timeline of Eastern and Central Pacific tropical cyclones in 1993
Timeline of the
1993 Pacific hurricane season
|
---|
![A map of all tropical cyclones during the 1993 Pacific hurricane season](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/1993_Pacific_hurricane_season_summary_map.png/300px-1993_Pacific_hurricane_season_summary_map.png) Season summary map
|
|
First system formed
| June 11, 1993
|
---|
Last system dissipated
| October 14, 1993
|
---|
|
Name
| Lidia
|
---|
Maximum winds
| 240 km/h (150 mph)
(1-minute sustained)
|
---|
Lowest pressure
| 930
hPa
(
mbar
)
|
---|
|
Name
| Greg
|
---|
Duration
| 14.00 days
|
---|
|
Other years
1991
,
1992
,
1993
,
1994
,
1995
|
The
1993 Pacific hurricane season
was an event in the annual formation of
tropical cyclones
over the
Pacific Ocean
north of the
Equator
and east of the
International Date Line
. The season officially began on May 15 in the Eastern Pacific proper (east of 140°W) and June 1 in the Central Pacific (140°W to the International Date Line), and ended on November 30. These dates conventionally delineate the period each year during which tropical cyclones tend to form in the
basin
according to the
National Hurricane Center
.
[1]
A total of eighteen
tropical depressions
formed; fifteen of these developed into
named
tropical storms
, of which eleven became
hurricanes
and nine became major hurricanes (Category 3 or higher on the
Saffir?Simpson scale
).
[2]
The number of tropical storms was near the long-term average; the number of hurricanes was slightly above average, and the number of major hurricanes was more than double the average of four.
[1]
[3]
As with many active Pacific hurricane seasons,
El Nino
conditions greatly influenced this season's high activity levels.
[4]
Several long-lived and powerful hurricanes contributed to an overall
Accumulated Cyclone Energy
value of 201.8 units, the eighth-highest on record for a Pacific hurricane season as of February 2024.
[nb 1]
[6]
The first system, Hurricane Adrian, developed on June 11; the final system, Tropical Depression Seventeen-E, dissipated on October 14.
The most impactful storm of the season was
Hurricane Calvin
, which made landfall near
Manzanillo
in the Mexican state of
Colima
as a Category 2 hurricane; it killed more than 30 people,
[nb 2]
mainly due to significant flooding, and damages amounted to $32 million (1993
USD
).
[10]
Two months later,
Hurricane Lidia
came ashore at a similar intensity farther to the northwest along the coast of
Sinaloa
, where it caused considerable damage and multiple fatalities.
[nb 3]
[3]
In conjunction with a
cold front
, Lidia's remnants generated severe weather in
Texas
, including a
tornado
that caused $8 million (1993 USD) in damage.
[12]
Earlier in the season, Tropical Storm Beatriz killed 6 people in Mexico when it struck the southern portion of the country,
[3]
while Tropical Depression Three-E produced heavy rainfall that amounted to nearly a
foot
(12 in; 30.48 cm) in
Acapulco
despite remaining offshore.
[13]
Hurricane Hilary
made three landfalls in Mexico ? twice on the
Baja California peninsula
as a tropical storm, and then on the Mexican mainland as a tropical depression ? but caused no loss of life and little damage.
[14]
Hurricanes Dora, Eugene, and
Fernanda
produced minor impacts in
Hawaii
; Eugene made landfall on the
Big Island
as a tropical depression, while Fernanda prompted the issuance of a
hurricane warning
, though this was discontinued when the storm turned away.
[15]
Four
time zones
are utilized in the Eastern Pacific basin. They are, from east to west:
Central
east of 106°W;
Mountain
from 106°W to 114.9°W;
Pacific
from 115°W to 139.9°W; and
Hawaii?Aleutian
from 140°W to the International Date Line. For convenience, each event is listed in
Coordinated Universal Time
(UTC) first, using the 24-hour clock (where 00:00 = midnight UTC),
[16]
with the respective local time included in parentheses. Figures for
maximum sustained winds
and position estimates are rounded to the nearest five units (
knots
,
miles
, or
kilometers
) and averaged over one minute, following National Hurricane Center practice. Direct wind observations are rounded to the nearest whole number. Atmospheric pressures are listed to the nearest
millibar
and nearest hundredth of an
inch of mercury
. This timeline documents the formation of tropical cyclones as well as the strengthening, weakening,
landfalls
,
extratropical transitions
, and dissipations during the season. It includes information that was not released while the storm was active, meaning that data from post-storm reviews by the National Hurricane Center and the
Central Pacific Hurricane Center
is included.
Timeline of events
[
edit
]
May 15
[
edit
]
- The 1993 Eastern Pacific hurricane season officially begins.
[1]
- No tropical cyclones formed in May.
June
[
edit
]
June 1
[
edit
]
- The 1993 Central Pacific hurricane season officially begins.
[1]
Satellite image of Hurricane Adrian on June 15
June 11
[
edit
]
June 12
[
edit
]
June 15
[
edit
]
June 16
[
edit
]
June 17
[
edit
]
Satellite image of Tropical Storm Beatriz near landfall on June 19
June 18
[
edit
]
June 19
[
edit
]
June 20
[
edit
]
June 27
[
edit
]
Storm path of Tropical Depression Three-E
June 30
[
edit
]
July
[
edit
]
July 2
[
edit
]
July 4
[
edit
]
Satellite image of a strengthening Hurricane Calvin off the coast of Mexico on July 6
July 5
[
edit
]
July 6
[
edit
]
July 7
[
edit
]
July 8
[
edit
]
Storm path of Hurricane Calvin
July 9
[
edit
]
July 14
[
edit
]
Satellite image of Hurricane Dora at peak intensity on July 16
July 15
[
edit
]
July 16
[
edit
]
July 17
[
edit
]
Storm path of Hurricane Dora
July 18
[
edit
]
July 19
[
edit
]
Satellite image of Hurricane Eugene near peak intensity on July 19
July 20
[
edit
]
July 21
[
edit
]
July 22
[
edit
]
July 23
[
edit
]
Storm path of Hurricane Eugene
July 24
[
edit
]
July 25
[
edit
]
August
[
edit
]
August 9
[
edit
]
Satellite image of Hurricane Fernanda at Category 4 status on August 12
August 10
[
edit
]
August 11
[
edit
]
August 12
[
edit
]
Storm path of Hurricane Fernanda
August 13
[
edit
]
August 14
[
edit
]
August 15
[
edit
]
Satellite image of a strengthening Hurricane Keoni on August 15
August 16
[
edit
]
August 17
[
edit
]
Storm path of Hurricane Greg
August 18
[
edit
]
Satellite image of Hurricane Greg at peak intensity on August 19
August 19
[
edit
]
August 20
[
edit
]
Satellite image of Hurricane Hilary near peak intensity on August 21, with Tropical Storm Irwin visible to the lower right
August 21
[
edit
]
August 22
[
edit
]
Storm path of Tropical Storm Irwin
August 23
[
edit
]
August 25
[
edit
]
August 26
[
edit
]
Storm path of Hurricane Hilary
August 27
[
edit
]
August 28
[
edit
]
- 00:00 UTC (5:00 p.m. PDT, August 27) at
21°12′N
139°42′W
/
21.2°N 139.7°W
/
21.2; -139.7
(
Greg weakens into a tropical depression.
)
– Tropical Storm Greg weakens into a tropical depression about 1,905 mi (3,065 km) west of the southern tip of the Baja California peninsula.
[33]
[38]
- 06:00 UTC (8:00 p.m. HST, August 27) at
21°18′N
140°12′W
/
21.3°N 140.2°W
/
21.3; -140.2
(
Greg enters the Central Pacific.
)
– Tropical Depression Greg crosses into the Central Pacific basin about 1,135 mi (1,825 km) east of Honolulu, Hawaii.
[15]
[33]
[38]
- 18:00 UTC (8:00 a.m. HST) at
21°18′N
141°00′W
/
21.3°N 141.0°W
/
21.3; -141.0
(
Greg dissipates.
)
– Tropical Depression Greg is last noted about 1,080 mi (1,740 km) east of Honolulu, Hawaii; it dissipates six hours later.
[15]
[33]
[38]
August 29
[
edit
]
Storm path of Hurricane Jova
August 31
[
edit
]
September
[
edit
]
September 1
[
edit
]
September 2
[
edit
]
Satellite image of Hurricane Jova shortly after peak intensity on September 1
September 3
[
edit
]
September 4
[
edit
]
September 5
[
edit
]
September 6
[
edit
]
Storm path of Hurricane Kenneth
September 8
[
edit
]
September 9
[
edit
]
September 10
[
edit
]
September 11
[
edit
]
Satellite image of Hurricanes Kenneth (
left
) and Lidia (
right
) both nearing peak intensity early on September 11
September 12
[
edit
]
September 13
[
edit
]
Storm path of Hurricane Lidia
September 14
[
edit
]
September 15
[
edit
]
September 16
[
edit
]
September 17
[
edit
]
Satellite image of Tropical Depression Fourteen-E late on September 21
September 21
[
edit
]
September 22
[
edit
]
September 23
[
edit
]
September 26
[
edit
]
Storm path of Tropical Storm Max
September 30
[
edit
]
October
[
edit
]
October 1
[
edit
]
October 2
[
edit
]
Satellite image of Tropical Storm Norma (
center
) shortly before absorbing Tropical Storm Max (
bottom
) late on October 3
October 3
[
edit
]
October 4
[
edit
]
October 5
[
edit
]
October 6
[
edit
]
October 11
[
edit
]
October 12
[
edit
]
Storm path of Tropical Depression Seventeen-E
October 14
[
edit
]
November
[
edit
]
- No tropical cyclones formed in November.
November 30
[
edit
]
- The 1993 Pacific hurricane season officially ends.
[1]
Notes
[
edit
]
- ^
Broadly speaking, Accumulated Cyclone Energy is the square of a tropical cyclone's wind intensity in knots at 6-hour intervals, multiplied by the length of time it existed.
[5]
- ^
Sources conflict on the exact number of deaths from Calvin. While the National Hurricane Center stated in their Preliminary Report for Calvin that 34 fatalities had occurred,
[7]
articles from
Gulf News
and the
Los Angeles Times
have given a death toll of 37.
[8]
[9]
- ^
Sources conflict on the exact number of deaths from Lidia. A September 1993 article by the
Oxnard Press-Courier
stated that Lidia had killed 7 people,
[11]
while the National Hurricane Center's report on the season gave a death toll of 2.
[3]
- ^
The National Hurricane Center and the Central Pacific Hurricane Center disagree on when Eugene entered the Central Pacific basin. In their overall report on the tropical cyclones which entered their
area of responsibility
(AOR) in 1993, the Central Pacific Hurricane Center states that Eugene did so at 18:00 UTC on July 22;
[15]
at this time, the National Hurricane Center lists Eugene's longitude as 139.8°W, just east of the Central Pacific basin limits.
[28]
As both agencies agree that Eugene was in the Central Pacific basin at 00:00 UTC on July 23, and because the National Hurricane Center's Preliminary Report on Eugene contains the storm's full track, the National Hurricane Center is given precedence.
- ^
The National Hurricane Center and the Central Pacific Hurricane Center disagree on when Fernanda entered the Central Pacific basin. In their overall report on the tropical cyclones which entered their AOR in 1993, the Central Pacific Hurricane Center states that Fernanda did so at 06:00 UTC on August 14;
[15]
at this time, the National Hurricane Center lists Fernanda's longitude as 139.6°W, just east of the Central Pacific basin limits.
[30]
As both agencies agree that Fernanda was in the Central Pacific basin at 12:00 UTC on August 14, and because the National Hurricane Center's Preliminary Report on Fernanda contains the storm's full track, the National Hurricane Center is given precedence.
- ^
Operationally, Tropical Storm Bret was redesignated as Tropical Depression Eight-E late on August 10 in anticipation that it would
emerge over the Pacific Ocean as a tropical cyclone
, though this did not occur.
[31]
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
"Tropical Cyclone Climatology"
.
Miami, Florida
:
National Hurricane Center
.
Archived
from the original on February 23, 2024
. Retrieved
February 17,
2024
.
- ^
National Hurricane Center
;
Hurricane Research Division
;
Central Pacific Hurricane Center
(April 26, 2024).
"The Northeast and North Central Pacific hurricane database 1949?2023"
. United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service.
Archived
from the original on May 29, 2024.
A guide on how to read the database is available
here
.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
public domain
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
Avila, Lixion A.
;
Mayfield, Britt M.
(March 1, 1995).
"Eastern North Pacific Hurricane Season of 1993"
.
Monthly Weather Review
.
123
(3).
American Meteorological Society
: 1393?1410.
Bibcode
:
1995MWRv..123..897A
.
doi
:
10.1175/1520-0493(1995)123<0897:ENPHSO>2.0.CO;2
.
- ^
Jan Tenbruggencate (August 22, 1993).
"Weird weather in the Pacific due to El Nino"
.
The Honolulu Advertiser
.
Honolulu, Hawaii
. p. 6.
Archived
from the original on February 23, 2024
. Retrieved
February 20,
2024
– via Newspapers.com.
- ^
"Background information: Eastern Pacific Hurricane Season"
.
United States Climate Prediction Center
. May 22, 2019.
Archived
from the original on July 24, 2020
. Retrieved
February 20,
2024
.
- ^
"Basin Archives: Northeast Pacific Ocean Historical Tropical Cyclone Statistics"
.
Fort Collins, Colorado
:
Colorado State University
.
Archived
from the original on December 17, 2023
. Retrieved
February 20,
2024
.
- ^
Rappaport, Edward
(August 2, 1993).
Hurricane Calvin Preliminary Report (Page Three)
(GIF)
(Report).
National Hurricane Center
.
Archived
from the original on February 15, 2024
. Retrieved
February 15,
2024
.
- ^
Kareem, Abdul (July 6, 2018).
"July 7, 1993: Hurricane Calvin kills 37 in Mexico"
.
Gulf News
.
Dubai, United Arab Emirates
.
Archived
from the original on February 15, 2024
. Retrieved
February 15,
2024
.
- ^
Darling, Juanita (July 9, 1993).
"Death Toll 37 in Mexico as Storm Heads Out to Sea : Disaster: About a third of nation is under state of emergency. Officials report 42,000 homeless"
.
Los Angeles Times
.
Los Angeles, California
.
Archived
from the original on February 15, 2024
. Retrieved
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2024
.
- ^
Rappaport, Edward
(August 2, 1993).
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(GIF)
(Report).
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.
Archived
from the original on February 20, 2024
. Retrieved
February 20,
2024
.
- ^
"Storm kills 7, forces evacuations"
.
Oxnard Press-Courier
.
Associated Press
. September 18, 1993
. Retrieved
February 20,
2024
.
- ^
"Texas reeling from series of tornadoes"
.
The Tuscaloosa News
.
Associated Press
. September 14, 1993
. Retrieved
February 20,
2024
.
- ^
a
b
c
Pasch, Richard J. (November 18, 1993).
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(GIF)
(Report).
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Archived
from the original on January 2, 2022
. Retrieved
January 31,
2024
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- ^
a
b
c
d
Rappaport, Edward
(September 27, 1993).
Hurricane Hilary Preliminary Report (Page Three)
(GIF)
(Report).
National Hurricane Center
.
Archived
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. Retrieved
February 3,
2024
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- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
p
q
r
s
t
u
v
w
x
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(PDF)
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.
Archived
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. Retrieved
February 1,
2024
.
- ^
"Understanding the Date/Time Stamps"
.
Silver Spring, Maryland
:
National Weather Service
.
Archived
from the original on February 26, 2023
. Retrieved
February 23,
2024
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
Lawrence, Miles (July 10, 1993).
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(GIF)
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.
Archived
from the original on July 15, 2023
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February 6,
2024
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- ^
a
b
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Lawrence, Miles (July 10, 1993).
Hurricane Adrian Preliminary Report (Page Three)
(GIF)
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National Hurricane Center
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Archived
from the original on July 15, 2023
. Retrieved
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2024
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- ^
a
b
c
Mayfield, Max
(July 31, 1993).
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(GIF)
(Report).
National Hurricane Center
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Archived
from the original on February 6, 2024
. Retrieved
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2024
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
Mayfield, Max
(July 31, 1993).
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(GIF)
(Report).
National Hurricane Center
.
Archived
from the original on January 31, 2024
. Retrieved
January 31,
2024
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
Pasch, Richard J. (November 18, 1993).
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(GIF)
(Report).
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Archived
from the original on January 31, 2024
. Retrieved
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- ^
a
b
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(GIF)
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Archived
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(1993).
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(GIF)
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