Defunct holding company (1911-57) founded by American inventor Thomas Edison
Thomas A. Edison, Inc.
1898 ad for the New Standard Phonograph
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Formerly
| National Phonograph Company
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Founded
| 29 January 1896
(
1896-01-29
)
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Founder
| Thomas Edison
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Defunct
| 2 January 1957
(
1957-01-02
)
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Thomas A. Edison, Incorporated
(originally the
National Phonograph Company
) was the main
holding company
for the various manufacturing companies established by the inventor and entrepreneur
Thomas Edison
. It was a successor to
Edison Manufacturing Company
and operated between 1911 and 1957, when it merged with
McGraw Electric
to form
McGraw-Edison
.
History
[
edit
]
The National Phonograph Company was incorporated on 27 January 1896.
It was restructured and reincorporated as Thomas A. Edison, Inc. on 28 February 1911.
Edison Manufacturing Company
also became a division of Thomas A. Edison, Inc. at this time.
The company had an industrial research laboratory in
West Orange, New Jersey
where up to 200 people were employed in the "rapid and cheap development of inventions."
Frank L. Dyer was president until December 1912, when Thomas Edison took over the position himself.
C.H. Wilson, general manager, was also vice president from 1912.
Edison resigned as president in August 1926 in favor of his son,
Charles Edison
, and became chairman of the board.
The company had divisions handling different products such as phonographs, Ediphone, and storage batteries.
One of the first products were
Blue Amberol
cylinders and the Amberola player, an early sound recording medium and player. This was followed by the
Edison Diamond Disc
.
In 1915 the soprano
Anna Case
and contralto Christine Miller showed in a tone test at the West Orange lab that there was no difference between their live voices and Diamond Disc recordings of their voices.
Other Edison companies were absorbed in the years that followed, including Edison Phonograph Works (28 August 1924),
Edison Storage Battery Company
(30 June 1932) and Emark Battery Corporation (30 December 1933).
In the 1920s the recording company began to lag in technical innovation, and also failed to attract recording stars of the same quality as its rivals
Victor
and
Columbia
. An attempt to market a long playing record in 1926 did not succeed, and the company did not begin recording electrically (with condenser microphones) until mid-1927, two years after the rest of the industry had adopted the process. In 1928 the company finally moved into radio with the purchase of the Splitdorf Radio Corp.
On 1 November 1929 Edison halted production of records apart from dictation records made by the Voicewriter division.
In the late 1920s the "Edicraft" line of high-quality consumer appliances was developed at the laboratory and manufactured by Thomas A. Edison, Inc. Production of appliances was discontinued in 1934 due to lack of demand for luxury goods during the
Great Depression
.
Merger
[
edit
]
Max McGraw
, founder and president of
McGraw Electric
, had always been an admirer of Thomas Alva Edison, and had his picture hanging in his office.
In 1956 he arranged a meeting with his son
Charles Edison
, former Governor of New Jersey and Secretary of the Navy, to discuss merging their two companies.
They spent a few days at
the Broadmoor
resort in
Colorado Springs, Colorado
and came to an agreement.
The merger was effective 2 January 1957. The combined company was named the McGraw-Edison Company.
Max McGraw would joke after the merger that his name now appeared before Edison's on the
New York Stock Exchange
.
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
Sources
[
edit
]
External links
[
edit
]
Media related to
Videos from Edison Manufacturing
at Wikimedia Commons
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