2015 film by Ridley Scott
The Martian
is a 2015
science fiction film
directed by
Ridley Scott
and starring
Matt Damon
.
Drew Goddard
adapted the screenplay from the 2011 novel
of the same name
by
Andy Weir
. It also stars
Jessica Chastain
,
Jeff Daniels
,
Kristen Wiig
,
Chiwetel Ejiofor
,
Sean Bean
,
Michael Pena
,
Kate Mara
,
Sebastian Stan
,
Aksel Hennie
,
Mackenzie Davis
,
Donald Glover
, and
Benedict Wong
.
The film depicts an astronaut's struggle to survive on
Mars
after being left behind and
NASA
's efforts to return him to Earth.
The Martian
was produced through
20th Century Fox
in the United Kingdom and the United States. Producer
Simon Kinberg
began developing the film after Fox
optioned
the novel in March 2013. Goddard, who adapted the novel into a screenplay, was initially attached to direct, but production was only approved after Scott replaced Goddard as director and Damon was cast as the main character. Filming began in November 2014 and lasted about 70 days. Twenty sets were built on one of the largest sound stages in the world in
Budapest
,
Hungary
.
Wadi Rum
in
Jordan
was also used for exterior filming.
The film premiered at the
2015 Toronto International Film Festival
on September 11, 2015. It was released in the UK on September 30, 2015, and in the US on October 2, 2015, in 2D,
3D
,
IMAX 3D
and
4DX
.
[5]
It received positive reviews with praise for its direction, visual effects, musical score, screenplay, scientific accuracy, and likability, largely due to Damon's performance and grossed over $630 million worldwide, becoming Scott's highest-grossing film to date and the
tenth-highest-grossing film of 2015
. It was nominated for seven awards at the
88th Academy Awards
, and received
numerous other accolades
.
Plot
[
edit
]
In 2035, the crew of the Ares III
mission to Mars
is exploring
Acidalia Planitia
on
Martian solar day
(sol) 18 of their 31-sol expedition. A severe
dust storm
threatens to topple their Mars Ascent Vehicle (MAV). In the ensuing evacuation, astronaut Mark Watney is struck by debris and presumed dead. With the MAV on the verge of toppling, the remaining crew takes off for their orbiting vessel, the
Hermes
, leaving Watney behind.
Watney awakens after the storm, injured and with a low-oxygen warning. He returns to the crew's
surface habitat
("Hab") and
treats his wound
. As Watney recovers, he begins a video diary. Unable to communicate with Earth, his only chance of rescue is the next Mars mission; in four years, Ares IV will land 3,200 kilometers (2,000 mi) away at the
Schiaparelli crater
, the Ares IV MAV has already arrived on the site in preparation for the mission.
Watney's immediate concern is food; being a
botanist
, he creates a garden inside the Hab using
Martian soil
fertilized with the crew's bio-waste and manufactures water from leftover rocket fuel. He then cultivates potatoes using whole potatoes reserved for a special Thanksgiving meal. He also begins modifying a crewed
rover
for the journey to the Ares IV MAV.
On Earth,
NASA
satellite planner Mindy Park, reviewing satellite images, notices moved equipment and realizes Watney must be alive. NASA director Teddy Sanders releases the news to the public but decides not to inform the Ares III crew en route to Earth, over
flight director
Mitch Henderson's strong objection.
Watney takes the
rover
on a one-month journey to retrieve the
Pathfinder
probe, which fell silent in 1997. Using
Pathfinder
'
s camera, he establishes visual contact with NASA. The agency transmits a
software patch
to link the mission's rover with
Pathfinder
, enabling communication by text. Sanders finally allows Henderson to inform Watney's crewmates.
The Hab's
airlock
blows out, injuring Watney and destroying the potato crops; although he repairs the airlock, he is again threatened by starvation. Mars missions director Vincent Kapoor and
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
(JPL) director Bruce Ng prepare a resupply to deliver enough food for Watney to survive until Ares IV's arrival. Sanders orders routine safety inspections bypassed to expedite the mission, but an oversight causes catastrophe as the resupply spacecraft disintegrates shortly after launch.
The
China National Space Administration
decides to offer a launch vehicle ? originally intended for the
Taiyang Shen
space probe ? to resupply Watney, in exchange for getting a Chinese astronaut on the next Ares mission. Astrophysicist Rich Purnell devises an alternative plan: have the
Taiyang Shen
launcher rendezvous with and resupply the
Hermes
, which will then
use Earth's gravity to "slingshot"
back to Mars two years earlier than Ares IV.
Sanders rejects the idea, considering it too risky for the
Hermes
crew. Henderson surreptitiously sends Purnell's proposal to the crew; they unanimously vote in favor and divert the
Hermes
. Sanders is forced to support them publicly, but demands Henderson's resignation after Watney is rescued.
Watney begins the 90-sol journey to Schiaparelli, where the MAV for Ares IV is pre-positioned. He must use it to rendezvous with the
Hermes
, but it needs to be lightened considerably. After takeoff, when the MAV runs out of fuel, its velocity relative to the
Hermes
is too fast for Watney to be picked up.
Commander
Lewis quickly improvises, using an explosive to breach a forward airlock, resulting in air escaping violently and slowing down the
Hermes
. It is still not enough; using a tethered
Manned Maneuvering Unit
, Lewis is unable to reach Watney. So he pierces his pressure suit, using the escaping air to propel himself to Lewis, ending his 561 sols alone on Mars.
After returning to Earth, Watney becomes a survival instructor for astronaut candidates. Five years later, as the Ares V is about to launch, those involved in Watney's rescue are seen in their current lives.
Cast
[
edit
]
Matt Damon and Jessica Chastain
- Matt Damon
as Dr. Mark Watney, a
botanist
and mechanical engineer who is part of the Ares III team.
- Jessica Chastain
as
Commander
Melissa Lewis, USN Submarine Warfare officer, oceanographer, geologist and the Ares III mission commander.
- Kristen Wiig
as Annie Montrose, the director of media relations for NASA.
- Jeff Daniels
as Theodore "Teddy" Sanders, the Administrator of NASA.
- Michael Pena
as
Major
Rick Martinez, USAF officer, engineer, pilot of the Ares III mission for MAV.
- Sean Bean
as Mitch Henderson, the
Hermes
flight director
- Kate Mara
as Beth Johanssen, the Ares III's system operator.
- Sebastian Stan
as Dr. Chris Beck, flight surgeon for the Ares III mission.
- Aksel Hennie
as Dr. Alex Vogel, a German national who is the navigator and chemist of Ares III.
- Mackenzie Davis
as Mindy Park, a satellite planner in Mission Control.
- Benedict Wong
as Bruce Ng, director of
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
(JPL).
- Donald Glover
as Rich Purnell, a JPL astrodynamicist.
- Chen Shu
as Zhu Tao (
Chinese
:
朱?
), deputy chief scientist at the
China National Space Administration
.
- Eddy Ko
as Guo Ming (
Chinese
:
郭明
), chief scientist at the China National Space Administration.
- Chiwetel Ejiofor
as Vincent Kapoor, NASA's Director of Mars Missions.
[6]
[7]
- Nick Mohammed
as Tim Grimes
Chastain prepared for her role by meeting with astronauts and scientists at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and the
Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center
. She was inspired by astronaut
Tracy Caldwell Dyson
, saying, "She's very matter of fact, very straightforward. My character is dealing with the guilt of leaving a crew member behind, but she's still responsible for the lives of five other crew mates. I tried to play her as Tracy would have been in those moments."
[8]
Damon prepared for the role by a different method: "For me, the rehearsal process was sitting with Ridley and going kind of line-by-line and moment-by-moment through the script and playing out a plan of attack for what we wanted each scene to accomplish."
[9]
The Media Action Network for Asian-Americans (MANAA) criticized the casting of white actor Mackenzie Davis as Mindy Park, whom it said author
Andy Weir
had described as Korean-American. The group also criticized the casting of Chiwetel Ejiofor as Vincent Kapoor, whom the organization said Weir described as an Asian Indian character. In the novel, the character's name was Venkat Kapoor, and he identifies religiously as a
Hindu
(a
Baptist
and a Hindu in the film). The group described these casting decisions as
whitewashing
, part of a broader phenomenon that deprives Asian actors of opportunities.
[6]
Weir said in October 2015 he perceived Mindy Park as Korean but said he did not explicitly write her as Korean. He also dismissed criticism of Ejiofor's casting, saying that Kapoor is "an American. Americans come from lots of different sources. You can be Venkat Kapoor and black."
[7]
He said his novel intentionally avoided physical descriptions of his characters.
[7]
Naomi Scott
was cast and filmed as Ryoko, a member of the JPL team. Her scenes were removed from the final cut.
[10]
Production
[
edit
]
Development
[
edit
]
The Martian
was directed by Scott and based on a screenplay by
Drew Goddard
that was adapted from Weir's 2011
novel of the same name
.
20th Century Fox
optioned
the novel in March 2013, and producer
Simon Kinberg
was attached to develop the novel into a film.
[11]
The following May, Goddard entered negotiations with the studio to write and direct
The Martian
.
[12]
Goddard wrote a screenplay for the film
[13]
and
Matt Damon
expressed interest in starring under Goddard's direction. Goddard then pursued an opportunity to direct
Sinister Six
, a comic book film about
a team of supervillains
.
[14]
Kinberg then brought the book to Scott's attention.
[15]
In May 2014, Scott entered negotiations with the studio to direct the film with Damon cast as the film's stranded astronaut.
[16]
Scott said he was attracted by the emphasis on science and thought a balance could be struck between entertainment and learning. Damon said he was attracted by the novel, the screenplay, and the opportunity to work with Scott.
[17]
Following Scott's commitment, the project picked up the pace and was quickly approved.
[18]
Goddard has since expressed that he felt Scott made a much better film than he could have directed, telling
Creative Screenwriting
, "When it's Scott, collaboration is easy because I just revere him. Every day I would just look around and think, 'Is that really Ridley Scott sitting there at the table? This is exciting!
'
"
[19]
Filming
[
edit
]
Korda Studios
26 kilometres (16 mi) west of
Budapest
, Hungary, in the wine-making village of
Etyek
, was chosen for filming interior scenes of
The Martian
. It had one of the largest
sound stages
in the world.
[20]
[21]
Filming began in Hungary on November 24, 2014.
[22]
Around 20 sets were constructed for the film, which was filmed with 3D cameras.
[21]
Actual potatoes were grown in a sound stage next to the one used for filming. They were planted at different times so that different stages of growth could be shown in film scenes.
[23]
A team of six people built 15 suits for the film. External scenes depicting Mars were filmed in
Wadi Rum
, a
UNESCO
world heritage site in
Jordan
, over eight days in March 2015.
[21]
[24]
[25]
Wadi Rum had been used as a location for other films set on Mars, including
Mission to Mars
(2000),
Red Planet
(2000) and
The Last Days on Mars
(2013).
[26]
All told, filming lasted about 70 days.
[21]
A special Mars rover model was built for the filming; the movie cast and team presented the rover model to Jordan in return for the hospitality they had received. The rover is now exhibited in Jordan's
Royal Automobile Museum
.
[27]
[28]
Weir avoided writing Watney as lonely and depressed in his novel. While Watney's humor is preserved in the film, Scott also depicted the character's isolation in the vast, dusty Martian landscape.
Todd McCarthy
of
The Hollywood Reporter
wrote: "The scenes back on Earth provide a hectic, densely populated counterweight to the Martian aridity, which is magnificently represented by exteriors shot in the vicinity of Wadi Rum in Jordan."
[29]
Damon said he and Scott were inspired by the documentary film
Touching the Void
(2003), which featured trapped mountain climbers.
[30]
Scott also expected to film Watney as a
Robinson Crusoe
, a character in full isolation, but learned to film Watney differently since the character would be self-monitoring his behavior under the watch of various mission cameras.
[23]
According to Scott, the first cut of the movie was 2 hours and 45 minutes long.
[31]
An extended cut of the movie was released on home video.
[32]
[33]
NASA involvement
[
edit
]
When the novel was first published,
NASA
invited Weir to tour the Johnson Space Center and Jet Propulsion Laboratory. When Scott began preparing the film, Weir contacted NASA to collaborate on the film.
[34]
When Scott and producer
Mark Huffam
had their first production meeting, they called NASA and spoke with its film and television liaison Bert Ulrich.
[35]
NASA decided to help the filmmakers with depicting the science and technology in
The Martian
since it saw potential in promoting space exploration.
[34]
NASA staff members that joined the effort included
James L. Green
, director of the Planetary Science Division, and
Dave Lavery
, program executive for Solar System Exploration.
[35]
Scott conversed with Green twice before filming started. During one month, NASA answered hundreds of questions on radioisotope systems, the look of potential "habs"?the residences for future Mars astronauts?and more. The questions were answered by Green or passed on to the right expert, and then came back to Scott's team to make their way into the production.
[36]
[37]
The space agency also provided hundreds of real images of Mars and control centers, down to what the computer screens look like.
[38]
Green arranged an eight-hour tour of the Johnson Space Center in
Houston
for production designer
Arthur Max
, who met with specialists and took hundreds of photos.
[36]
[38]
The production designer created a futuristic, heavily modernized Mission Control as a studio set;
Ars Technica
described its depiction as "the space agency that we all dream of" and the opposite of the real Johnson Center's appearance as "a run down college campus".
[39]
Newsweek
said NASA collaborated more with
The Martian
than most other space-themed films: "Staff from many NASA departments consulted on the film, from script development through principal photography, and are now helping with marketing timed to the theatrical release."
[35]
As part of the collaboration, the production's NASA liaison included the front page of the script for the film in the payload of the spacecraft
Orion
during its
Exploration Flight Test 1
on December 5, 2014.
[40]
The
Los Angeles Times
said NASA and the wider scientific community anticipated the film as a way to publicize a
human mission to Mars
. The
New York Times
reports that the film "serves as a nice plug for NASA, which has returned the favor by pushing the movie on its website. (On Monday [September 28, 2015], scientists announced that signs of liquid water could be seen in photographs taken on Mars by a camera on the
Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter
,
[41]
[42]
timing that suggests NASA certainly has the whole cross-promotion thing down.)"
[43]
Jim Erickson, NASA project manager, said the film would show moviegoers "the risks and rewards" of humans traveling to Mars.
[44]
In October 2015, NASA presented a new web tool to follow Watney's trek across Mars
[45]
and details of NASA's next steps, as well as a
health hazards report
[46]
[47]
for a
real-world
human journey to Mars
.
[48]
[49]
[50]
In 2016, then-U.S. President
Barack Obama
named
The Martian
as among the best science fiction films he had ever seen.
[51]
Music
[
edit
]
Harry Gregson-Williams
composed the
score
for
The Martian
. It is the fourth collaboration between Gregson-Williams and Scott. Gregson-Williams previously worked on music for Scott's films
Kingdom of Heaven
(2005),
Prometheus
(2012) and
Exodus: Gods and Kings
, composing the main film score for the first and last films, and doing additional music for the other two.
[52]
A running gag in the film is commander Melissa Lewis' love for 1970s songs (especially of the
disco
genre, which apparently Watney hates), the only music available to Watney on Mars which often appears as
diegetic music
. The soundtrack includes:
[53]
The exit music, which includes "Don't Leave Me This Way" and "I Will Survive," is a commentary on Watney's situation on Mars.
[54]
Marketing
[
edit
]
20th Century Fox
launched a
viral marketing
campaign for
The Martian
.
[55]
On June 7, 2015, NASA astronaut
Michael J. Massimino
shared an in-universe
video diary
depicting Damon's character and the other crew members.
[56]
[57]
Ars Technica
compared the video diary to similar viral videos marketed for Scott's 2012 film
Prometheus
in having a similar "style of slickly produced fictional promotional material". The studio then released an official trailer on June 8.
[58]
Forbes
said, "20th Century Fox has cut together a pretty perfect trailer in that it absolutely makes the sale. It establishes the stakes, offers a sympathetic lead character, shows off an all-star cast, tosses out a potential catchphrase, and ends on a grimly humorous tagline."
[59]
In response to the trailer,
Jimmy Kimmel
, host of the late-night talk show
Jimmy Kimmel Live!
, released a spoof trailer,
The Mastronaut: Emission to Mars
, that edited the original to parody the film.
[60]
At the start of August, Fox released another video, depicting interviews with each of the main crew members.
[61]
Mid-month, the studio released another film trailer, and NASA hosted a "Martian Day" at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory to both promote
The Martian
and highlight the space program's ongoing efforts to carry out a
human mission to Mars
.
[37]
At the end of August, Fox released another video, presenting it as a special episode of the TV series
StarTalk
in which astrophysicist
Neil deGrasse Tyson
discusses the hazards of traveling to Mars.
[62]
In September, Scott's RSA Films released a teaser for
The Martian
that depicted Damon wearing
Under Armour
sports clothing and being active in his off-world tasks.
[63]
The teaser originated from a collaboration between RSA Films and the marketing shop 3AM (under theatrical advertising agency Wild Card), initiated in 2014, to produce advertising content for
The Martian
. RSA contacted the advertising agency
Droga5
, under whom Under Armour is a client.
[64]
Droga5 ultimately collaborated with
WME
and 3AM to produce the teaser.
[63]
Forbes
'
s Peter Himler said American astronauts had traditionally been used by public relations to promote commercial products, starting with the drink
Tang
. Himler said it "came as no surprise" that NASA astronauts in the
International Space Station
were reported by
The Guardian
and
CBS News
as having read Weir's novel and hoping to see the film on board the ISS.
[65]
NASA participated in the marketing of the film despite its lack of involvement with previous films. Though it turned down a request for
Interstellar
to be screened on the ISS,
[38]
The Martian
was screened on board
[66]
402 km (250 miles) above the Earth's surface on September 19, 2015, and also at the Johnson Space Center in Houston, and at the
Kennedy Space Center
at
Cape Canaveral
on October 1, 2015.
[38]
In November 2015, 20th Century Fox announced
The Martian VR Experience
, a "virtual reality adventure" where viewers play as Mark Watney and reenact scenes from the film.
[67]
The project was executive produced by Scott alongside Joel Newton and directed by
Robert Stromberg
. It was released for
HTC Vive
and
PlayStation VR
on November 15, 2016, and is also available for the
Oculus Rift
and
Samsung Gear VR
.
[68]
The project won 2 major awards; a
Silver Lion
at the
Cannes Film Festival
and an AICP Award.
Release
[
edit
]
The Martian
premiered at the
2015 Toronto International Film Festival
on September 11, 2015.
[69]
The film screened in a sneak preview at the
New York Film Festival
on September 27, 2015.
[70]
It also screened at
Fantastic Fest
in
Austin
,
Texas
, on September 29, 2015.
[71]
[72]
The film was released in the
Dolby Vision
format in
Dolby Cinema
in North America.
[73]
Box office forecast
[
edit
]
Two months before
The Martian
'
s release,
BoxOffice
forecast that the film would gross
$46 million
on its opening weekend in the United States and ultimately
$172 million
in its theatrical run. The magazine said positive factors for its performance included the continued sales of Weir's novel, Scott's success with past science fiction films, and the positive reception of prior space-based films
Gravity
(2013) and
Interstellar
(2014). The magazine said negative factors included Damon not being a consistent draw at the box office,
Gravity
and
Interstellar
setting high expectations, and Scott's "stumble" with his previous film
Exodus: Gods and Kings
(2014).
[74]
A week before the film's release, pre-release trackings in North America (United States and Canada) showed that the film was on pace to earn between $40?50 million at its opening weekend from 3,826 theaters.
[75]
In comparison to other contemporary space films,
Gravity
, facing far less competition, opened to a better-than-expected $55.8 million in 2013. In November 2014,
Interstellar
debuted to $47.5 million.
[75]
Unlike
Gravity
and
Interstellar
, which had the benefit of IMAX locations, boosting profits,
The Martian
was not initially playing in IMAX, since IMAX was committed to an exclusive run of
Robert Zemeckis
'
The Walk
.
The Martian
played in more than 350 premium large-format theaters including 2,550 3D locations.
[75]
[76]
Also, the film was released several days after the announcement of NASA's discovery of
water on Mars' planetary surface
,
[41]
[42]
which might have aided in boosting its opening.
[77]
Ticket selling website
Fandango
reported that the film was outselling
Gravity
.
[77]
Unlike
Gravity
,
The Martian
did not contain abundant 3D spectacle (even though it was filmed in 3D), and was longer than
Gravity
.
[78]
Theatrical run
[
edit
]
The Martian
was a financial success.
[79]
It grossed $228.4 million in the United States & Canada and $402.2 million in other countries, for a worldwide total of $630.6 million against a budget of $108 million.
[4]
Worldwide, it was the
tenth-highest-grossing film of 2015
.
[80]
Deadline Hollywood
calculated the net profit of the film to be $150.32 million, accounting for production budgets, P&A, talent participations, and other costs, with box office grosses, and ancillary revenues from home media, placing it tenth on their list of 2015's "Most Valuable Blockbusters";
[81]
and
The Hollywood Reporter
reported around $80?100 million profits for the film.
[82]
The film was released in theaters in 2D and 3D.
[83]
In the United Kingdom, it was released on September 30, 2015, a Wednesday,
[84]
and in the United States on the following Friday, October 2, 2015.
[85]
It was also released in 49 markets including Mexico, Hong Kong, India and Taiwan from the weekend October 2?4, 2015 and expanded to Germany, Russia, and South Korea the following weekend. It opened in Spain on October 16, then France on October 21. China opened on November 25 and Japan bowed in the first quarter of 2016 on February 5.
[86]
[87]
Various sites estimated the film to gross between $45 and $50 million over its opening weekend in the United States.
[88]
In North America, it opened on Friday, October 2, 2015, and earned $18.06 million on its opening day of which $2 million came from premium large formats from 3,831 theaters.
[89]
[90]
The film's Friday gross included $2.5 million from late-night Thursday screenings that took place in 2,800 theaters.
[91]
During its opening weekend, it earned $54.3 million from 3,831 theaters ranking first at the box office which is the second biggest October opening, behind
Gravity
($55.7 million) and the second biggest for Scott, behind
Hannibal
($58 million) and Damon, behind
The Bourne Ultimatum
($69.2 million).
[4]
The film made $6 million at 375 premium large format screens.
[92]
3D accounted for 45% of the ticket sales while
RealD
3D accounted for 42% or $23 million of that sales which is one of highest for the 3D company in 2015.
[92]
The film fell short of breaking
Gravity
'
s record which might have been hurt by
Hurricane Joaquin
, the
NFL season
and the last day of the
Major League Baseball regular season
.
[92]
In its
second weekend of release
, it dropped gradually by 31.9% and earned $37 million from 3,854 theaters (+23 theaters) maintaining the top position.
The Martian
'
s demographics in its sophomore weekend remained in sync with its opening frame drawing 52% males and 72% over 25.
[93]
It topped the box office for two consecutive weekends before being dethroned by
Goosebumps
in its third weekend after a close race between the two ($23.6 million for
Goosebumps
and $21.3 million for
The Martian
).
[94]
[95]
It returned to the top of the box office for the third time in its fourth weekend,
[96]
and went on the top the box office for four non-consecutive weekends
[97]
before being overtaken by
Spectre
in its fifth weekend.
[98]
On November 5, the film surpassed
Gladiator
($187.7 million) to become Scott's highest-grossing film at the domestic box office.
[99]
Internationally,
The Martian
was released in a total of 81 countries.
[100]
Outside North America, it opened on the same weekend in 54 markets and grossed $44.6 million from 9,299 screens topping the international box office as well as opening at No. 1 in over 15 markets.
[86]
The following weekend, it added 23 more markets and grossed an estimated $57.5 million from 77 markets from 12,859 screens.
[100]
Its opening weekends in South Korea ($12.5 million)
[nb 1]
, the United Kingdom, Ireland and Malta ($10.2 million), Russia and the CIS ($7.4 million), France ($6.9 million), Australia ($4.5 million) and Germany ($4.3 million; behind
Inside Out
) represented its largest takings.
[86]
[100]
[102]
In terms of total earnings, the United Kingdom ($35.3 million), South Korea ($33.6 million), Australia ($16.57 million) and Germany ($16 million) are the top markets.
[103]
[104]
In South Korea, it became Fox's third-highest-grossing film ever behind
Avatar
(2009) and
Kingsman: The Secret Service
(2015).
[103]
It topped the box office outside of North America for two consecutive weekends before being overtaken by
Ant-Man
in its third weekend
[105]
but returned to the top in its fourth weekend.
[102]
In its fifth weekend, it was surpassed by
Spectre
thereby topping the international box office for three weekends in total.
[103]
The Martian
opened in China on Wednesday, November 25 and earned $50 million in its five-day opening weekend from 4,848 screens of which $6.6 million came from 249 IMAX theaters.
[106]
In its second weekend, it fell by 60% to $13.7 million,
[107]
while in total, it grossed $95 million there.
[108]
It opened in Japan on February 5, 2016 under the name
Odyssey
,
[100]
[109]
where it earned $5.2 million from 8,333 screens in its three-day opening weekend, debuting at No. 1 at the box office and helped the film push past the $600 million mark. Its Saturday and Sunday take was $4.25 million.
[109]
[110]
It dropped just 19% in its second after adding $3.4 million.
[111]
It has topped the box office there for four consecutive weekends and as of February 28 has grossed a total of $23.2 million.
[112]
[113]
For its United States release, the film was originally scheduled to be released on November 25, 2015, but 20th Century Fox switched
The Martian
with
Victor Frankenstein
so that the former would be its first film for all audiences in the country's fall season (September?November).
[114]
On the film's 3D screenings, RealD's chief Anthony Marcoly said 3D technology was proliferating from action-packed
blockbuster
films commonly released in the United States' summer season. Marcoly said the technology was being used in more immersive storytelling, citing
The Martian
and
The Walk
(released the same year) as two examples.
[83]
Home media
[
edit
]
The Martian
was released on Digital on December 22, 2015
[
citation needed
]
and on
Blu-ray
and DVD on January 12, 2016. It was released on 4K Ultra HD Blu-ray on February 14, 2016. An extended cut of the film adding an additional ten minutes was released on June 7, 2016.
[33]
Reception
[
edit
]
Critical response
[
edit
]
On the
review aggregator
Rotten Tomatoes
the film has an approval rating of 91%, with an average rating of 7.9/10, based on 383 reviews. The website's critics consensus read, "Smart, thrilling, and surprisingly funny,
The Martian
offers a faithful adaptation of the bestselling book that brings out the best in leading man Matt Damon and director Ridley Scott."
[115]
Metacritic
, which uses a weighted average, assigned the film a score of 80 out of 100 based on 46 critics.
[116]
Audiences polled by
CinemaScore
gave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale, while
PostTrak
reported filmgoers gave it an average 4.5 out of 5 and a 66% "definite recommend". Audience demographics were 54% men and a total of 59% over 35.
[117]
The Martian
received praise for its direction, visual effects, musical score, screenplay, scientific accuracy, and likability, largely due to Damon's performance.
[118]
Variety
reported, "Critics are calling the film a funny, thrilling ride, and a return to form for [Ridley] Scott after
The Counselor
and
Exodus: Gods and Kings
fell flat."
[119]
In
The Guardian
, aerospace engineer Dr
Robert Zubrin
commented:
[The film] is the first genuine Mars movie. It is the first movie that attempts to be realistic and that is actually about human beings grappling with the problems of exploring Mars, as opposed to various movies set on Mars that are essentially either shoot'em ups or horror films. It does not engage in fantasy: no monsters, no magic, no Nazis. However, there are a number of technical mistakes.
[120]
Manohla Dargis
, of
The New York Times
, stated that the film "involves a dual journey into outer and inner space, a trip that takes you into that immensity called the universe and deep into the equally vast landscape of a single consciousness. For this accidental castaway, space is the place where he's physically marooned, but also where his mind is set free", from a film director, whose "great, persistent theme is what it means to be human".
[43]
Negative reviews focused on the lack of character depth or atmosphere. Jaime N. Christley, writing in
Slant Magazine
, commented, "It goes in for the idea of texture, tics, and human behavior, but there's no conviction, and no real push for eccentricity. ... It hardly seems interested in its characters or in any depiction of their work, settling instead for types of characters and kinds of scenes, correctly placed among the pendulum swings of Watney's dramatic journey."
[121]
In
The Village Voice
,
Stephanie Zacharek
stated that the actors "are treated as accessories", and that the director is "workmanlike in his approach to science, which always trumps magic in
The Martian
?that's the point. But if we can't feel a sense of wonder at the magnitude and mystery of space, why even bother?"
[122]
In
Cinemixtape
, J. Olson commented: "Ridley Scott and company have concocted the most colossally mediocre sci-fi movie of the decade, all in pursuit of empty backslapping and a grade school level celebration of science. Not only is
The Martian
not in the same class as Scott's two masterpieces ?
Alien
and
Blade Runner
? it's not even on the same continent."
[123]
Accolades
[
edit
]
At the
88th Academy Awards
,
The Martian
received nominations for
Best Picture
,
Best Actor
,
Best Adapted Screenplay
,
Best Production Design
,
Best Sound Editing
,
Best Sound Mixing
, and
Best Visual Effects
.
[124]
The film's other nominations include six
British Academy Film Awards
,
[125]
nine
Critics' Choice Movie Awards
,
[126]
and three
Golden Globe Awards
(winning two).
[127]
It received four
National Board of Review Awards
and was named one of the top-ten films of 2015 by the
American Film Institute
.
[128]
[129]
Solanum watneyi
, a species of
bush tomato
from Australia, has been named after the character of Mark Watney, to honor the fictional heroic botanist portrayal. It is a member of the same genus as the potato,
Solanum
.
[130]
[131]
[132]
Scientific accuracy
[
edit
]
When Weir wrote the novel
The Martian
, he strove to present the science correctly and used reader feedback to get it right.
[134]
When Scott began directing the film, he also sought to make it realistic and received help from
James L. Green
, the Director of the Planetary Science Division at NASA's
Science Mission Directorate
. Green put together teams to answer scientific questions that Scott asked.
[135]
Green said, "
The Martian
is reasonably realistic", though he said the film's hazardous dust storm, despite reaching speeds of 120 miles per hour (190 km/h), would in reality have weak force.
[136]
Green also found the NASA buildings in the film to be more stylish than the
functional
ones NASA actually uses.
[137]
Film critics picked up the point that the Martian winds could amount to "barely a light breeze" in their reviews,
[138]
[139]
and screenwriter Goddard agreed the winds had to be considerably exaggerated in order to set up the situation that sets the story in motion.
[140]
[141]
[142]
The process used by the character Watney to produce water was accurate and is being used by NASA for a planned Martian rover. The
radioisotope thermoelectric generator
was also appropriately used for heat.
[134]
When his rations begin to run low, Watney builds an improvised
garden
using
Martian soil
and the crew's
feces
as a fertilizer. However
Martian soil
has since been found to be
toxic
to both plant and animal life, although it is believed that
microbial organisms have the potential to live on Mars
.
[143]
[144]
[145]
In one scene, the glass face shield on Watney's helmet cracks; as oxygen momentarily drops below the critical level, he quickly patches the helmet with
duct tape
and avoids suffocation.
[
citation needed
]
Time
magazine criticized another duct tape based repair: "When a pressure leak causes an entire pod on Watney’s habitat to blow up, he patches a yawning opening in what's left of the dwelling with plastic tarp and PSA duct tape." Such a repair would not work in an average Martian temperature of ?60 °C (?76 °F).
[146]
While Martian gravity is less than 40% of Earth's, director Scott chose not to depict the gravitational difference, finding the effort less worthwhile to put on screen than zero gravity.
[34]
Scott said the heavy spacesuits would weigh the main character enough to make up for not showing the partial gravity.
[44]
The
climate of Mars
is also cold enough that it would make Watney's initial plan to disable the rover's heater immediately impractical, since the average temperature is ?80 °F (?62 °C); it is cold enough on Mars for
carbon dioxide
snow to fall at the poles in winter.
[
citation needed
]
However, this issue is almost immediately brought up, and is the reason for the plan failing.
The plot key to the eventual rescue plan is
gravity assist
, a well-known practice that has been used on a number of robotic planetary exploration missions and served as a backup strategy on manned Apollo missions. It would have been one of the first approaches that everyone within NASA would have considered,
[146]
but in the film, only one JPL astrodynamicist argues for sending the Ares mission back to Mars using gravity assist rather than having a separate mission to rescue Watney.
Ed Finn, director of the Center for Science and the Imagination at
Arizona State University
, said, "What this story does really well is imagine a near-future scenario that doesn't push too far off where we are today technically."
[44]
British
physicist
Brian Cox
said, "
The Martian
is the best advert for a career in engineering I've ever seen."
[147]
See also
[
edit
]
Notes
[
edit
]
- ^
The film opened in Korea during the three-day
Hangul Day
Holiday and earned almost $12.5 million from 1.81 million admissions over four days. It is Ridley Scott's highest-opening film in Korea, surpassing
Robin Hood
which grossed $10.2 million from 1.6 million admissions in 2010
[101]
and Fox's biggest opening weekend of all time in the market and the biggest ever October opening.
[100]
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