Sunni Islamic prayers specific to Ramadan
Tarawih
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![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pri%C3%A8re_de_Tarawih_dans_la_Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Kairouan._Ramadan_2012.jpg/240px-Pri%C3%A8re_de_Tarawih_dans_la_Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Kairouan._Ramadan_2012.jpg) |
Official name
| ??????? ????????????
(
?al?t at-tar?w??
; literally, 'prayer of the Tar?w??')
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Also called
| Taraweeh
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Observed by
| Sunnis
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Type
| Sunnah Muwakkadah
prayer according to Sunni Muslims
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Significance
| A
Sunnah prayer
that Sunni Muslims say was done by
Muhammad
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Begins
| After
Isha prayer
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Ends
| 20 rakahs take approximately 45 mins if it is surah tarawih(In this the surah from 30th chapter of the quran is recited in repetition for 30 cycles of taraweeh) and a bit more than 1 hour if it is khatam taraweeh(In this whole quran is recited within 30 cycles of taraweeh)
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Date
| changes every year (as with ramadan cycle)
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Frequency
| Every night in
Ramadan
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Related to
| Ramadan
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Tarawih prayer at
Taipei Grand Mosque
, Taiwan
Tarawih
(
Arabic
:
??????????
,
romanized
:
tar?w??
) are special
Sunnah prayers
involving reading long portions of the
Quran
, and performing up to 20
rakahs
(cycles of prostrations required in Islamic prayer), which are performed only in the Islamic month of
Ramadan
. The entire
Quran
is recited in the Tarawih prayers at a
mosque
, typically at the rate of one
Juz'
per night.
Overview
[
edit
]
Tarawih prayers begin from the first Moon-sighted evening (start of Ramadan) to second moon-sighted evening (last day of Ramadan). This prayer is performed in congregation during Ramadan of the
Islamic calendar
, after
Isha
(and before
Witr
, which is also prayed following the imam who leads the prayer aloud in one or three rakats unlike how it is done in other eleven months).
Tarawih prayers are prayed in pairs. According to the Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi' and Hanbali schools of Sunni Islam, the standard number of rakats is twenty referring it to a narration in
Muwatta' Imam Malik
which said that "In the time of Umar, the people used to offer 20 raka'?t". But it is clearly mentioned in the Muwatta' before the said narration that when Umar assigned duty to Ubay ibn Ka'b and Tamim al-Dari to lead the Tarawih, he ordered them to offer 11
raka'?t
(8 of tarawih and 3 of witr). Sunni Muslims believe it is customary to attempt a
takmil
("complete recitation" of the
Quran
) as one of the religious observances of
Ramadan
, by reciting at least one
juz'
per night in tarawih.
Tarawih prayers are considered
Sunnah
, or in other words, not obligatory. However, it is believed that the reward for them is great, as it is the Sunnah of
Muhammad
, being reported in multiple authentic
Hadiths
.
Muhammad, according to
Abu Hurairah
said, "Whoever stands with the imam (in Taraweeh prayer) until he finishes, it is equivalent to spending the whole night in prayer." This hadith was used as a proof by
Imam Ahmad
.
[1]
[2]
Background
[
edit
]
The Sunni prayer Tarawih has been mentioned in traditions as
Qiyam al-Layl min Ramadan
("Standing of night in Ramadan") and
Qiyam al-Ramadan
("Standing of Ramadan"). Some Sunni Muslims regard the Tarawih prayers as confirmed traditional prayer (
sunnat al-mu'akkadah
). Other Sunni Muslims believe Tarawih is an optional prayer (
nafl
) that may be performed at home. According to this tradition Muhammad initially and briefly prayed the Tarawih in congregation during Ramadan, but discontinued this practice out of concern it would be mandated (
fard
), yet he never forbade it.
[3]
During the time when
Umar
was the
caliph
, he reinstated the praying of Tarawih in congregation.
[4]
Shia
Muslims regard Tarawih as "innovation" (
bid‘ah
), re-introduced after the death of Muhammad by Umar ibn al-Khattab, according to his own words.
[5]
A Shia hadith, however, is claimed to have authenticated Sunni prayer Taraweeh but this is disputed since not all hadiths in Al Kafi are sahih:
‘Abu ‘Abdallah (peace be upon him) has said that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and
his progeny
) would increase his prayer during the month of Ramadan. After
Al-‘Atmah
(late evening prayer), he would perform more prayers. People behind would stand up [for prayer], but he would go inside and leave them. Then, after he came out, they would come and stand up behind him [for prayer], but he would leave them and go inside several times. He (the narrator) has said that the Imam then said, “You must not perform prayer after late evening prayer during the times other than the month of Ramadan.”
- ?
Al-Kafi
, vol. 4, p. 154-155 (declared
sahih
by Majlisi)
[6]
[
better source needed
]
Muhammad al-Bukhari
narrated regarding the Tarawih prayer in
Sahih al-Bukhari
:
I went out in the company of Umar bin Al-Khattab one night in Ramadan to the mosque and found the people praying in different groups. A man praying alone or a man praying with a little group behind him. So, 'Umar said, “In my opinion I would better collect these [people] under the leadership of one Qari (Reciter) (i.e. let them pray in congregation!).” So, he made up his mind to congregate them behind
Ubai bin Ka'b
. Then on another night I went again in his company and [saw that] the people were praying behind their reciter. On that, 'Umar remarked, “What an excellent
bid'ah
(i.e. innovation in religion) this is!”
[7]
Instead,
Twelvers
believe in the
Tahajjud
prayer or
salat al-layl
("night prayer"), which is recommended throughout the year, especially during the nights of Ramadan.
[8]
Other
[
edit
]
On 3 January 2000,
Malaysian Prime Minister
Mahathir Mohamad
expressed regret that tarawih prayers were made use of by certain people for political gains.
[9]
On 2 April 2022, hundreds of
Muslims
gathered in
Times Square
to perform the first Tarawih prayers of
Ramadhan
. Over 1,500 meals were handed out to the people, before the prayers, to break their fast; known as
iftar
. This event marked the first Tarawih prayers held in Times Square publicly.
[10]
Name variations
[
edit
]
- Acehnese
:
seumayang teuraweh
- Albanian
:
namazi teravie
- Arabic
:
???? ????????
,
romanized
:
?al?t at-tar?w??
- Azerbaijani
:
t?ravih namazı
- Bengali
:
???????
,
romanized
:
tarab?h
- Bosnian
:
teravija namaz
- Burmese
:
?????????????
,
romanized
:
tarawee namaz
- Dhivehi:
???????? ??????
- Hausa
:
sallar tarawihi
- Hindi
:
??????
,
romanized
:
tar?v?h
- Indonesian
,
Malay
:
salat tarawih
,
solat tarawih
- Javanese
:
taraweh
- Kazakh
:
тарауих намазы
,
romanized:
tarawikh namaz'
- Kurdish
: ????? ???????,
romanized
: nwej? taraw??
- Pashto
:
? ?????? ?????
,
romanized:
Da Taraweh Lamoonz
- Persian
:
???? ??????
,
romanized
:
namaz tarav??
- Serbo-Croatian
:
teravih-namaz; teravija
- Somali
:
Taraawiix
- Sundanese
:
taraweh
- Swahili
:
Tarawee
- Tajik
:
Тарове?
romanized
Taroveh
- Tamil
:
???????
- Tausug
:
tarawi
- Turkish
:
teravih namazı
- Urdu
:
???? ??????
,
romanized
:
nam?z tar?v??
- Uzbek
:
tarovih namozi
- Yakan
:
tarawi
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
Further reading
[
edit
]
External links
[
edit
]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
Tarawih
.
Prayer Time in Egypt
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Categories and types
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Prayer unit (
raka'ah
) and
its constituents
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Mosque
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Conditions
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Background
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Meals
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Prayers and observances
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Ramadan culture
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International
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National
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Other
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