Town in England
Town in England
Swindon
(
) is a town in
Wiltshire
, England. At the time of the 2021 Census the population of the built-up area was 183,638, making it the largest settlement in the county.
[1]
Located in
South West England
, Swindon lies on the
M4 corridor
, 71 miles (114km) to the west of London and 36 miles (57 km) to the east of
Bristol
. The
Cotswolds
lie just to the town's north and the
North Wessex Downs
to its south.
Recorded in the 1086
Domesday Book
as
Suindune
, the arrival of the
Great Western Railway
in 1843 transformed it from a small market town of 2500 into a thriving railway hub that would become one of the largest
railway engineering complexes
in the world at its peak.
[2]
[3]
This brought with it pioneering amenities such as the UK's first lending library and a 'cradle-to-grave' healthcare centre that was later used as a blueprint for the NHS.
[4]
Swindon's railway heritage can be primarily seen today with the
grade 2 listed
Railway Village and
STEAM Museum
.
[5]
[6]
The
McArthurGlen Designer Outlet
is housed in the renovated former works and the Brunel Shopping Centre is one of several places in Swindon that bears the name of the famous
engineer
generally acknowledged with bringing the railways to the town.
[7]
[8]
Despite the subsequent decline and closure of its railway works, Swindon was one of the fastest growing towns in Europe post-war as its economy diversified, attracting large international companies, who made use of its burgeoning population and strategic transport links.
[9]
[10]
Today, Swindon contains the head offices of organisations such as
Intel
,
Nationwide
, the
UK Space Agency
,
English Heritage
,
National Trust
,
WHSmith
and
Zurich Insurance Group
. The Swindon Collection of Modern British Art consists of roughly 900 pieces, with the town also housing the
Bodleian Library
's Book Storage Facility, the
Historic England Archive
, and the
Science Museum
's National Collections.
[11]
[12]
Until 2021,
Honda
's
UK headquarters
were in the town, with the factory producing up to 160,000 vehicles a year.
[13]
Major venues in the town include the
Wyvern Theatre
and the
Mechanics' Institute
.
Lydiard Park
has hosted festivals such as
BBC Radio 1's Big Weekend
, while the Swindon Mela, an all-day celebration of South Indian arts and culture, attracts up to 10,000 visitors a year.
[14]
[15]
The ancient
Ridgeway
, known as Britain's oldest road, runs a few miles to Swindon's south, with
Avebury
, the largest megalithic
stone circle
in the world, and
Uffington White Horse
, Britain's oldest white horse figure, also nearby.
[16]
[17]
Wiltshire's only professional football club
Swindon Town F.C.
, have played in the
Premier League
in the
1993/94 season
and won a major trophy, securing a famous giant-killing victory over
Arsenal
in the
1969 League Cup final
.
[18]
They currently play in
League Two
at the 15,000-seat
County Ground
in the town centre.
[19]
Other sports in the town include
Swindon Wildcats
Ice Hockey
and five-time
British speedway
champions the
Swindon Robins
.
[20]
History
[
edit
]
Early history
[
edit
]
The
Anglo-Saxon
settlement of Swindon sat in a defensible position atop a
limestone
hill. It is referred to in the 1086
Domesday Book
as Suindune,
[2]
believed to be derived from the
Old English
words "swine" and "dun" meaning "pig hill" or possibly Sweyn's hill, Sweyn being a Scandinavian name akin to Sven and English swain, meaning a young man.
Swindon is recorded in the Domesday Book as a
manor
in the
hundred
of Blagrove,
Wiltshire
. It was one of the larger manors, recorded as having 27 households and a rent value of £10 14s, which was divided among five landlords.
[2]
Before the
Battle of Hastings
the Swindon estate was owned by an
Anglo-Saxon
thane
called Leofgeat.
[21]
After the
Norman Conquest
, Swindon was split into five holdings: the largest was held between
Miles Crispin
and Odin the Chamberlain,
[2]
and the second by
Wadard
, a
knight
in the service of
Odo of Bayeux
,
brother
of
the king
.
[21]
[
page needed
]
The manors of Westlecot, Walcot, Rodbourne, Moredon and Stratton are also listed; all are now part of Swindon.
The
Goddard family
were
lord of the manor
from the 16th century for many generations, living at the
manor house
, sometimes known as The Lawn.
Swindon was a small
market town
, mainly for
barter trade
, until roughly 1848. This original market area is on top of the hill in central Swindon, now known as Old Town.
[22]
The
Industrial Revolution
was responsible for an acceleration of Swindon's growth. Construction of the
Wilts and Berks Canal
in 1810 and the
North Wilts Canal
in 1819 brought trade to the area, and Swindon's population started to grow.
Railway town
[
edit
]
Between 1841 and 1842,
Isambard Kingdom Brunel
's
Swindon Works
was built for the repair and maintenance of locomotives on the
Great Western Railway
(GWR). The GWR built a small railway village to house some of its workers. The
Steam Railway Museum
and
English Heritage
, including the
English Heritage Archive
, now occupy part of the old works. In the village were the GWR Medical Fund Clinic at Park House and its hospital, both on Faringdon Road, and the 1892 health centre in Milton Road, which housed clinics, a pharmacy, laundries, baths,
Victorian Turkish baths
and swimming pools, was almost opposite.
From 1871, GWR workers had a small amount deducted from their weekly pay and put into a healthcare fund; GWR doctors could prescribe them or their family members medicines or send them for medical treatment. In 1878 the fund began providing artificial limbs made by craftsmen from the carriage and wagon works, and nine years later opened its first dental surgery. In his first few months in post, the dentist extracted more than 2,000 teeth. From the opening in 1892 of the health centre, a doctor could also prescribe a haircut or even a bath. The
cradle-to-grave
extent of this service was later used as a blueprint for the
NHS
.
[4]
The Mechanics' Institute, formed in 1844, moved into a building that looked rather like a church and included a covered market, on 1 May 1855. The New Swindon Improvement Company, a
co-operative
, raised the funds for this programme of self-improvement and paid the GWR £40 a year for its new home on a site at the heart of the railway village. It was a groundbreaking organisation that transformed the railway's workforce into some of the country's best-educated manual workers.
[23]
The Mechanics' Institute had the UK's first
lending library
,
[4]
and a range of improving lectures, access to a theatre and various other activities, such as ambulance classes and
xylophone
lessons. A former institute secretary formed the New Swindon Co-operative Society in 1853 which, after a schism in the society's membership, spawned the New Swindon Industrial Society, which ran a retail business from a stall in the market at the institute. The institute also nurtured pioneering trades unionists and encouraged local democracy.
[24]
When
tuberculosis
hit the new town, the Mechanics' Institute persuaded the industrial pioneers of North Wiltshire to agree that the railway's former employees should continue to receive medical attention from the doctors of the GWR Medical Society Fund, which the institute had played a role in establishing and funding.
[25]
Swindon's 'other' railway, the
Swindon, Marlborough and Andover Railway
, merged with the
Swindon and Cheltenham Extension Railway
to form the
Midland & South Western Junction Railway
, which set out to join the
London & South Western Railway
with the
Midland Railway
at
Cheltenham
. The Swindon, Marlborough & Andover had planned to tunnel under the hill on which Swindon's Old Town stands but the money ran out and the railway ran into
Swindon Town railway station
, off Devizes Road in the Old Town, skirting the new town to the west, intersecting with the
GWR
at
Rushey Platt
and heading north for
Cirencester
, Cheltenham and the
LMS
, whose 'Midland Red' livery the M&SWJR adopted.
During the second half of the 19th century, Swindon New Town grew around the main line between London and
Bristol
. In 1900, the original market town, Old Swindon, merged with its new neighbour at the bottom of the hill to become a single town.
[22]
On 1 July 1923, the GWR took over the largely single-track M&SWJR and the line northwards from Swindon Town was diverted to
Swindon Junction
station, leaving the Town station with only the line south to Andover and Salisbury.
[26]
[27]
[28]
The last passenger trains on what had been the SM&A ran on 10 September 1961, 80 years after the railway's first stretch opened.
During the first half of the 20th century, the railway works was the town's largest employer and one of the biggest in the country, employing more than 14,500 workers. Alfred Williams
[29]
(1877?1930) wrote about his life as a hammerman at the works.
[30]
The works' decline started in 1960, when it rolled out
Evening Star
, the last steam engine to be built in the UK.
[31]
The works lost its locomotive building role and took on rolling stock maintenance for
British Rail
. In the late 1970s, much of the works closed and the rest followed in 1986.
The community centre in the railway village was originally the barrack accommodation for railway employees of the GWR. The building became the Railway Museum in the 1960s, until the opening of the STEAM Museum in the 2000s.
Modern period
[
edit
]
The
Second World War
saw an influx of new industries as part of the war effort;
Vickers-Armstrong
making aircraft at Stratton, and
Plessey
at Cheney Manor producing electrical components. By 1960, Plessey had become Swindon's biggest employer, with a predominantly female workforce.
[32]
David Murray John
, Swindon's town clerk from 1938 to 1974, is seen as a pioneering figure in Swindon's post-war regeneration: his last act before retirement was to sign the contract for Swindon's tallest building, which is now named after him.
[33]
Murray John's successor was David Maxwell Kent, appointed by the Swindon/Highworth Joint Committee in 1973: he had worked closely with Murray John and continued similar policies for a further twenty years. The
Greater London Council
withdrew from the Town Development Agreement and the local council continued the development on its own.
There was the problem of the Western Development and of
Lydiard Park
being in the new
North Wiltshire
district, but this was resolved by a boundary change to take in part of North Wiltshire. Another factor limiting local decision-taking was the continuing role of
Wiltshire County Council
in the administration of Swindon. Together with like-minded councils, a campaign was launched to bring an updated form of
county borough
status to Swindon. This was successful in 1997 with the formation of
Swindon Borough Council
, covering the areas of the former Thamesdown and the former Highworth Rural District Council.
In February 2008,
The Times
named Swindon as one of "The 20 best places to buy a property in Britain".
[34]
Only
Warrington
had a lower ratio of house prices to household income in 2007, with the average household income in Swindon among the highest in the country.
In October 2008, Swindon Council made a controversial move to ban fixed point
speed cameras
. The move was branded as reckless by some,
[35]
but by November 2008
Portsmouth
,
Walsall
, and
Birmingham
councils
[36]
[37]
were also considering the move.
In 2001, construction began on
Priory Vale
, the third and final instalment in Swindon's 'Northern Expansion' project, which began with Abbey Meads and continued at St Andrew's Ridge. In 2002, the New Swindon Company was formed with the remit of regenerating the town centre, to improve Swindon's regional status.
[38]
The main areas targeted were Union Square, The Promenade, The Hub, Swindon Central, North Star Village, The Campus, and the Public Realm.
In August 2019, a secondary school in the town was at the centre of a '
county lines
' drug supply investigation by Wiltshire Police, with 40 pupils suspected of being involved in the supply of cannabis and cocaine, and girls as young as 14 being coerced into sexual activity in exchange for drugs.
[39]
Governance
[
edit
]
The local council was created in 1974 as the Borough of Thamesdown, out of the areas of Swindon Borough and Highworth Rural District. It was not initially called Swindon, because the borough covers a larger area than the town; it was renamed as the
Borough of Swindon
in 1997. The borough became a
unitary authority
on 1 April 1997,
[40]
following a review by the
Local Government Commission for England
. The town is therefore no longer under the auspices of Wiltshire Council.
The executive comprises a leader and a cabinet, currently made up from the Conservative Group. The council as of the
2016 election
has a majority of
Conservative
councillors.
[41]
Swindon is represented in the
national parliament
by two MPs.
Robert Buckland
(Conservative) was elected for the
South Swindon
seat in May 2010 with a 5.5% swing from Labour and
Justin Tomlinson
, also Conservative, represents
North Swindon
after a 10.1% swing at the same election. Both retained their seats at the 2015 and 2017 elections.
[42]
Prior to 1997 there was a
single seat
for Swindon, although much of what is now in Swindon was then part of the Devizes seat.
Geography
[
edit
]
Swindon is a town in northeast Wiltshire, 35 miles (56 km) west-northwest of Reading and the same distance east-northeast of Bristol 'as the crow flies'.
[43]
[44]
The town is also 26 miles (42 km) southwest of
Oxford
, 65 miles (105 km) south-southeast of
Birmingham
, 71 miles (114 km) west of London and 60 miles (97 km) east of Cardiff. Swindon town centre is also equidistant from the county boundaries of Berkshire and Gloucestershire, both being 8 miles (13 km) away. The border with Oxfordshire is slightly closer, being around 5 miles (8 km) away.
Swindon is within a landlocked county and is a considerable distance from any coastline. The nearest section of coast on the
English Channel
is near Christchurch, 56 miles (90 km) due south. Meanwhile, the eastern limit of the
Bristol Channel
, just north of
Weston-super-mare
, lies 53 miles (85 km) to the west.
The landscape is dominated by the chalk hills of the Wiltshire Downs to the south and east. The Old Town stands on a hill of Purbeck and Portland stone; this was quarried from Roman times until the 1950s. The area that was known as New Swindon is made up of mostly Kimmeridge clay with outcrops of Corrallian clay in the areas of Penhill and Pinehurst. Oxford clay makes up the rest of the borough.
[45]
The
River Ray
rises at Wroughton and forms much of the borough's western boundary, joining the
Thames
which defines the northern boundary, and the source of which is located in nearby
Kemble, Gloucestershire
. The
River Cole
and its tributaries flow northeastward from the town and form the northeastern boundary.
- Nearby towns:
Calne
,
Chippenham
,
Royal Wootton Bassett
,
Cirencester
,
Cricklade
,
Devizes
,
Highworth
,
Marlborough
,
Witney
and
Malmesbury
- Nearby villages:
Badbury
,
Blunsdon
,
Broad Hinton
,
Chiseldon
,
Hook
,
Liddington
,
Lydiard Millicent
,
Lyneham
,
Minety
,
Purton
,
South Marston
,
Wanborough
,
Wroughton
- Nearby places of interest:
Avebury
,
Barbury Castle
,
Crofton Pumping Station
,
Lydiard Country Park
,
Silbury Hill
,
Stonehenge
,
Uffington White Horse
- Sites of Special Scientific Interest
in Swindon include
Coate Water
,
Great Quarry
,
Haydon Meadow
,
Okus Quarry
and
Old Town Railway Cutting
Climate
[
edit
]
Swindon has an
oceanic climate
(
Cfb
in the
Koppen climate classification
), like the vast majority of the British Isles, with cool winters and warm summers. The nearest official weather station is
RAF Lyneham
, about 10 miles (16 km) west southwest of Swindon town centre. The weather station's elevation is 145 metres (476 ft) in a rural setting, compared to the typical 100 metres (330 ft) encountered around Swindon town centre, so is likely marginally cooler throughout the year.
The absolute maximum is 34.9 °C (94.8 °F),
[46]
recorded during August 1990. In an average year the warmest day should reach 28.7 °C (83.7 °F)
[47]
and 10.3 days
[48]
should register a temperature of 25.1 °C (77.2 °F) or above.
The absolute minimum is ?16.0 °C (3.2 °F),
[49]
recorded in January 1982, and in an average year 45.2 nights of air frost can be expected.
Sunshine, at 1,565 hours a year, is typical for inland parts of Southern England, although significantly higher than most areas further north.
Annual rainfall averages slightly under 720 mm (28 in) per year, with 123 days reporting over 1 mm (0.039 in) of rain.
Climate data for Lyneham, elevation 145m, 1991?2020 for temperature & precipitation, extremes 1960?
|
Month
|
Jan
|
Feb
|
Mar
|
Apr
|
May
|
Jun
|
Jul
|
Aug
|
Sep
|
Oct
|
Nov
|
Dec
|
Year
|
Record high °C (°F)
|
13.7
(56.7)
|
16.6
(61.9)
|
20.0
(68.0)
|
25.3
(77.5)
|
26.6
(79.9)
|
32.7
(90.9)
|
34.4
(93.9)
|
34.9
(94.8)
|
28.8
(83.8)
|
26.5
(79.7)
|
16.5
(61.7)
|
14.4
(57.9)
|
34.9
(94.8)
|
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
|
7.2
(45.0)
|
7.7
(45.9)
|
10.2
(50.4)
|
13.2
(55.8)
|
16.4
(61.5)
|
19.4
(66.9)
|
21.5
(70.7)
|
21.0
(69.8)
|
18.3
(64.9)
|
14.2
(57.6)
|
10.1
(50.2)
|
7.5
(45.5)
|
13.9
(57.0)
|
Daily mean °C (°F)
|
4.5
(40.1)
|
4.7
(40.5)
|
6.6
(43.9)
|
9.0
(48.2)
|
12.0
(53.6)
|
14.9
(58.8)
|
17.0
(62.6)
|
16.7
(62.1)
|
14.3
(57.7)
|
10.9
(51.6)
|
7.3
(45.1)
|
4.8
(40.6)
|
10.2
(50.4)
|
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
|
1.7
(35.1)
|
1.6
(34.9)
|
3.0
(37.4)
|
4.7
(40.5)
|
7.5
(45.5)
|
10.4
(50.7)
|
12.4
(54.3)
|
12.3
(54.1)
|
10.2
(50.4)
|
7.6
(45.7)
|
4.4
(39.9)
|
2.1
(35.8)
|
6.5
(43.7)
|
Record low °C (°F)
|
?16
(3)
|
?11.3
(11.7)
|
?8
(18)
|
?4.8
(23.4)
|
?1.6
(29.1)
|
0.6
(33.1)
|
3.8
(38.8)
|
5.0
(41.0)
|
1.5
(34.7)
|
?3.6
(25.5)
|
?7.8
(18.0)
|
?14
(7)
|
?16
(3)
|
Average
precipitation
mm (inches)
|
76.7
(3.02)
|
56.0
(2.20)
|
51.9
(2.04)
|
52.7
(2.07)
|
57.8
(2.28)
|
54.9
(2.16)
|
60.2
(2.37)
|
65.6
(2.58)
|
55.1
(2.17)
|
79.5
(3.13)
|
82.0
(3.23)
|
78.6
(3.09)
|
771
(30.34)
|
Mean monthly
sunshine hours
|
61
|
78
|
125
|
173
|
211
|
205
|
215
|
193
|
154
|
113
|
71
|
54
|
1,653
|
Source: Met Office
[50]
|
Demographics
[
edit
]
The 2011 census recorded a population of 209,156 people in the Swindon unitary authority area (including the town's urban area,
Highworth
, and other nearby parishes), with a 50/50 balance of males and females.
[51]
By mid-2019, the estimated population of the unitary authority area was 222,193.
[52]
In 2011, 57.5% of Swindonians identified themselves as
Christians
, a reduction from 70% in 2001. This was followed by those of
no religion
(31%),
Muslims
(1.7%),
Sikhs
(0.6%),
Hindus
(1.2%), other (0.5%) and
Judaism
(0.1%).
[51]
As of 2021, 46.6% of Swindonians identify themselves as Christians. This is followed by those of no religion (40.5%), Muslims (2.7%), Sikhs (0.6%), Hindus (2.5%), other (0.6%) and Judaism (0.1%).
[53]
In 2015,
Public Health England
found that 70.4% of the population was either overweight or obese with a
BMI
greater than 25.
[54]
In 2011, the area of the town was 46.2 km
2
(17.8 sq mi)
[55]
and there were 3,949 inhabitants per square kilometre (10,230/sq mi).
Ethnic Groups
|
Swindon Town 2011
|
Borough of Swindon 2011
|
Borough of Swindon 2021
|
White British
|
83.3%
|
84.6%
|
74.2%
|
Asian
|
7.0%
|
6.4%
|
11.6%
|
Black
|
1.5%
|
1.4%
|
2.6%
|
In 2011, 16.7% of the population of Swindon were non-White British compared with 15.4% in the surrounding borough. There was also little difference between the percentages of Black and Asian residents. Swindon is one of the most ethnically diverse towns in
South West England
: 4.6% of the population registered themselves as 'Other White' and 2.5% of the population was either mixed race or of another ethnicity.
There are several definitions of the town for statistical purposes.
[56]
The smallest extent is the former
unparished area
, now covered by the parishes of
West Swindon
,
Central Swindon North
,
South Swindon
, and
Nythe, Eldene and Liden
; thus it omits suburbs to the east and north, namely the parishes of
Covingham
,
Stratton St Margaret
and
Haydon Wick
. At the 2011 census, the population of the unparished area was 122,642.
[57]
The 2011 census also recognised a Built Up Area Subdivision with a population of 182,441.
[58]
At the 2021 census, the only area covering most of the town was the Built Up Area, which had a population of 183,638.
[59]
Excluded from this were the parts of
Wichelstowe
lying in
Wroughton
parish, the whole of
Stratton St Margaret
parish, and northern parts of
St Andrews
parish.
By 2018, Swindon had a concentration of people originating from
Saint Helena
.
[60]
After the end of World War II, Polish refugees were temporarily housed in barracks at
RAF Fairford
, about 25 km (16 mi) to the north. Around 1950, some settled in Scotland and others in Swindon
[61]
rather than stay in the barracks or hostels they were offered.
[62]
The 2001 UK Census found that most of the Polish-born people had stayed or returned after serving with British forces during World War II. Swindon and Nottingham were parts of this settlement.
[63]
Data from that census showed that 566 Swindonians were Polish-born.
[64]
Notes to those data read: "The
Polish Resettlement Act of 1947
, which was designed to provide help and support to people who wished to settle here, covered about 190,000 people ... at the time Britain did not recognise many of the professional [qualifications] gained overseas ... [but] many did find work after the war; some went down the mines, some worked on the land or in steelworks. Housing was more of a problem and many Poles were forced to live in barracks previously used for
POWs
... The first generation took pains to ensure that their children grew up with a strong sense of Polish identity".
NHS
planners devising services for senior citizens estimated in 1994 that 5% of Swindon's population were not 'ethnically British',
[65]
and most of those were culturally Polish.
The town's Polish ex-servicemen's club, which had run a football team for 45 years, closed in 2012. Barman Jerzy Trojan blamed the decline of both club and team on the children and grandchildren of the original refugees losing their Polish identity.
[62]
Places of worship
[
edit
]
There are numerous places of worship in Swindon, some of which are
listed buildings
.
[66]
Until 1845, the only church in Swindon was the Holy Rood Church, a Grade II listed building.
[67]
That year,
St Mark's Church
was built. In 1851, Christ Church was built. Later in the year, the first Roman Catholic chapel was opened in the town and was also named
Holy Rood
. In 1866, Cambria Baptist Chapel was built. In the 1880s, Bath Road Methodist Chapel was built. In 1885, St Barnabas Church was built followed by the Baptists Tabernacle (1886?1978). In 1907,
St Augustine's Church
in
Even Swindon
was built. Various churches and places of worship were built in the town by other denominations and faiths.
[68]
Pattern Church was launched on Christmas 2018, on the site of the former Pattern Store.
[69]
Economy
[
edit
]
Major employers in the town include
BMW
/
Mini
(formerly Pressed Steel Fisher) in Stratton,
Dolby Labs
, international engineering consultancy firm
Halcrow
, and retailer
W H Smith
's distribution centre and headquarters. Electronics company
Intel
, insurance and financial services companies such as
Nationwide Building Society
and
Zurich Financial Services
, the energy companies
RWE Generation UK plc
and
Npower
(a company of the
Innogy
group), the fleet management company
Arval
, pharmaceutical companies such as Canada's
Patheon
and the United States-based Catalent Pharma Solutions and French medical supplies manufacturer
Vygon (UK)
have their UK divisions headquartered in the town.
Swindon also has the head office of the
National Trust
and the head office of the
UK Space Agency
. Other employers include all of the national
Research Councils
, the
British Computer Society
,
TE Connectivity
and
Lok'nStore
.
From 1985 to 2021, Japanese car manufacturer
Honda
had its sole UK plant at
South Marston
, just outside Swindon.
[13]
In March 2021, it was announced that logistics firm
Panattoni
would move to the former Honda site.
Swindon was for a time a centre of excellence for
3G
and
4G
mobile telecommunications research and development for
Motorola
,
Alcatel
,
Lucent Technologies
,
Nokia Siemens Networks
and
Cisco
.
Transport
[
edit
]
Railway
[
edit
]
Swindon is an important
railway town
.
Swindon railway station
opened in 1842 as
Swindon Junction
and, until 1895, every train stopped for at least ten minutes to change locomotives. As a result, the station hosted the first recorded railway refreshment rooms.
[70]
The station is served by frequent inter-city trains to
London Paddington
eastbound, and westbound to
Bristol Temple Meads
,
Cheltenham Spa
and
Cardiff Central
, along the
Great Western Main Line
and
Golden Valley line
. There is also a local service to
Westbury
, via the
Wessex Main Line
. All services at Swindon are operated by
Great Western Railway
.
[71]
On 8 October 2019,
GWR
posted a modern speed record when an
Intercity Express Train
took 44 minutes to travel from Swindon to London Paddington.
[72]
Road
[
edit
]
Located at the junction of two Roman roads, the town has developed into a transport hub over the centuries. It is accessed by two junctions (15 and 16) on the
M4 motorway
.
The town's
Magic Roundabout
, at the junction of five roads, contains five mini-roundabouts and has a contra-rotational hub at its centre.
[73]
It is built on the site of Swindon Wharf on the abandoned
Wilts & Berks Canal
, near the
County Ground
. The official name was
County Islands
, although it was known colloquially as the
Magic Roundabout
and the official name was changed to match its nickname.
Bus and coach
[
edit
]
Swindon bus operators are
Swindon's Bus Company
(formerly Thamesdown) and
Stagecoach West
. Key routes link the town with
Cheltenham
,
Chippenham
,
Cirencester
,
Devizes
and
Trowbridge
.
[74]
National Express coaches use the bus station in the town centre.
Stagecoach's former bus depot on Eastcott Road was approved for development as a housing site in 2018.
[75]
Cycling
[
edit
]
National Cycle Network
Route 45 runs through the town.
[76]
Tourism and recreation
[
edit
]
Events
[
edit
]
Annual events in Swindon include:
- The
Swindon Festival of Literature
, held over two weeks in May.
- The Swindon Mela, an all-day celebration of
South Indian
arts and culture in the Town Gardens, which attracts up to 10,000 visitors each year.
[15]
- The Children's Fete, a town-wide event in celebration of Swindon's children, community, culture, and heritage, is usually held the first Saturday in July in the GWR Park on Faringdon Road, with 8,000 attending in 2016.
[
citation needed
]
- The
Summer Breeze Festival
has been held annually in the town since 2007
[77]
with headliners including
Toploader
[78]
and
KT Tunstall
.
[79]
The family-friendly music event is run by volunteers on a non-profit basis with any funds raised going to charity.
- An annual
Gay Pride Parade
called Swindon And Wiltshire Pride is held in the town. The parade has been held in the Town Gardens since 2007. Swedish DJ
Basshunter
performed in the 2012 celebrations, with around 8,000 people attending.
[
citation needed
]
- The Swindon
Beer Festival
, Organised by the local branch of the Campaign for Real Ale (
CAMRA
), is held at the STEAM museum in October each year.
[80]
There is also an Old Town Beer Festival held in Christ Church.
[81]
- Swindon Open Studios
, held over two weekends every September local
artists
open their studios to visitors or take part in group exhibitions around the town.
[82]
- The Swindon
Half Marathon
is held in September.
[83]
Arts venues
[
edit
]
- The Shoebox Theatre is a fringe theatre and producing house with a focus on contemporary performance and new work.
[84]
- Live music venues such as The High Street Club, The Kings Arms, The Castle, The Beehive, Level III, and The Victoria attract local acts as well as touring national acts; collectively they host an annual music festival, the Swindon Shuffle.
[85]
The
County Ground
is used for some major events. MECA is a 2,000-capacity music venue in the former Mecca bingo hall.
- The
Arts Centre
is a theatre in Old Town which seats 200 and has music, professional and amateur theatre, comedians, films, children's events, and one-man shows.
- The
Wyvern Theatre
has film, comedy, and music.
- In 2012
Swindon: The Opera
was performed at the
STEAM Museum
in Swindon by the Janice Thompson Performance Trust,
[86]
after a successful 2011 Jubilee People's Millions Lottery bid. It charted Swindon's history since 1952 until the present day. The musical was written by Matt Fox, with music by composer
Betty Roe
.
[87]
- The
Oasis Leisure Centre
was used for events until its closure in 2020. Its name was claimed by some to be the inspiration for the name of the
Manchester band
.
[88]
Shopping
[
edit
]
- Swindon Designer Outlet
(opened in 1997) is an indoor shopping mall for reduced-price goods, mainly clothing, on the site of the former railway works. The outlet is adjacent to the
Steam Museum
(opened in 2000) and the
National Trust
headquarters (since 2005). The mall has around 100 retailers and restaurants, and once held the record of biggest covered designer outlet centre in Europe.
[7]
It was enlarged in the mid-2010s.
- The Brunel Centre (opened in 1978) and The Parade (opened in 1967) are the two shopping complexes in the town centre, built along the line of the filled-in
Wilts & Berks Canal
(a canal milepost can still be seen). The Brunel Centre opened a food court called The Crossing in 2018.
[89]
- Greenbridge Retail and Leisure Park (
Stratton St. Margaret
(opened in 1964)), Orbital Shopping Park (
Haydon Wick
(opened in 2003)), and the
West Swindon
Shopping Centre / Shaw Ridge Leisure Park (opened in 1975) are the three major out-of-town facilities. There is also the Bridgemead Retail Park and Mannington Retail Park, both in West Swindon, in close proximity to each other.
- Regent Circus opened in 2015 on the site of the former Swindon College building. It contains a Cineworld cinema and restaurants.
[90]
Former
- Swindon Tented Market, in the Town Centre close to the Brunel Centre, was built in 1994. It reopened in October 2009, having been closed for two years, but closed again for good in August 2017. Demolition date is still to be confirmed.
[91]
[92]
Green spaces
[
edit
]
Public parks include
Lydiard Country Park
, Shaw Forest Country Park,
The Lawns
, Stanton Park,
Queens Park
, GWR Park, Town Gardens, Pembroke Gardens and
Coate Water
.
[93]
Fishing for the Moon is a small urban
sensory garden
created in 1990 by Thamesdown Borough Council and renovated by South Swindon Parish Council in 2021. Its central feature is an artwork by Michael Farrell.
[94]
[95]
Media
[
edit
]
Online
[
edit
]
Swindon has many online media outlets with the largest being
the Swindon Advertiser
. SwindonWeb was the first website dedicated to Swindon in 1997 followed by SwindonLink and The Swindonian with many other sites now available, including Total Swindon and The Swindon Post.
Print
[
edit
]
Newspapers and magazines
[
edit
]
Swindon has a daily
newspaper
, the
Swindon Advertiser
, with daily circulation of about 4,000 with an estimated readership of 21,000. Other newspapers covering the area include
Bristol
's daily
Western Daily Press
and the
Swindon Advertiser
s weekly, the
Gazette and Herald
; the
Wiltshire Ocelot
(a free listings magazine),
The Swindonian Monthly Magazine
Swindon Star
,
Hungry Monkeys
(a comic),
Stratton Outlook
,
Frequency
(an arts and cultural magazine),
Great Swindon Magazine
,
Swindon Business News
,
Swindon Link
and
Highworth Link
.
Literature
[
edit
]
Swindon is the setting for the
Thursday Next
series of novels by
Jasper Fforde
[96]
and
The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time
by
Mark Haddon
.
[97]
Radio
[
edit
]
The first commercial radio station launched in Swindon was
Wiltshire Radio
in 1982, with
BBC Wiltshire Sound
launched in 1989. Wiltshire Radio later changed to
GWR FM
, then to
Heart Wiltshire
, and is now
Heart West
, broadcasting from studios in Bristol.
[98]
An alternative commercial radio station,
Brunel FM
, was launched in 2006 and replaced in turn by
Total Star Swindon
,
More Radio
,
Jack FM
and
Sam FM
; the frequency is now used by
Greatest Hits Radio Swindon
.
[99]
Another independent station called
Swindon FM
was also on the air between 2001 and 2006.
Since 2008, the town has had its own 24-hour community radio station,
Swindon 105.5
, which was given the
Queen's Award for Voluntary Service
in 2014, the highest award which can be given to a voluntary group.
[100]
In regards to the wider Wiltshire county, the public-sector station
BBC Radio Wiltshire
remains based in Swindon.
[101]
Television
[
edit
]
The Swindon area is in the overlap between TV transmitters from two regions,
Oxford
(Thames Valley) and
Mendip
, supplemented by a local relay transmitter in the town
[102]
(West of England).
ITV
regional news programmes come from
ITV News Meridian
(with offices at Abingdon) and
ITV West Country
(Bristol). On
BBC One
, the area is served by both
South Today
(from Southampton) and
Points West
(Bristol).
Between 1973 and 1982, the town had its own cable television channel called
Swindon Viewpoint
. This was a community television project run mainly by enthusiasts from studios in Victoria Hill, and later by Media Arts at the Town Hall Studios. It was followed by the more commercial
Swindon's Local Channel
, which included pay-per-view films.
[103]
NTL (later
Virgin Media
) took over the channel's parent company, ComTel, and closed the station.
Education
[
edit
]
The borough of Swindon has many primary schools, 12 secondary schools, and two purpose-built sixth-form colleges. Three secondary schools also have sixth forms. There is one independent school, Maranatha Christian School at
Sevenhampton
.
Secondary schools
[
edit
]
The secondary schools in the Borough of Swindon are:
Bradon Forest School
(ages 11?18) is at Purton, near the west side of Swindon.
Further education
[
edit
]
New College
and
Swindon College
cater for the town's
further education
and higher education requirements, mainly for 16 to 22-year-olds. Swindon College is one of the largest FE-HE colleges in southwestern England, at a purpose-built campus in North Star, Swindon.
Higher education
[
edit
]
Swindon is the UK's largest centre of population without its own university (by comparison, there are two universities in nearby
Bath
, which is half Swindon's size). In March 2008, a proposal was made by former Swindon MP,
Anne Snelgrove
, for a university-level institution to be established in the town within a decade, culminating in a future 'University of Swindon' (with some
[
who?
]
touting the future institution to be entitled 'The Murray John University, Swindon', after the town's most distinguished post-war civic leader).
[
citation needed
]
Oxford Brookes University
has had a campus in Swindon since 1999. The campus offers degrees in Adult Nursing and Operating Department Practice (
ODP
).
[104]
The Joel Joffe Building
[105]
opened in August 2016 and was officially opened
[106]
in February 2017 by
Lord Joel Joffe
, a long-time Swindon resident and former human rights lawyer. From 1999 to 2016 the Ferndale Campus was based in north-central Swindon. The main OBU campus is about 27 miles (43 km) northeast of Swindon. The university also sponsors
UTC Swindon
, which opened in 2014 for students aged 14?19.
Between 2000 and 2008 the
University of Bath
had a campus in Walcot, east Swindon.
The
Royal Agricultural University
has its Cultural Heritage Institute in the former railway carriage works.
[107]
Museums and cultural institutions
[
edit
]
Sport
[
edit
]
Swindon Town F.C.
are based at the
County Ground
near the town centre.
[19]
They play in
League Two
, the fourth-highest tier of the English football league system, after being relegated from League One in 2021.
[119]
The affiliated women's club,
Swindon Town W.F.C.
, play in Division One South West of the
FA Women's National League
;
[120]
their first team play home games outside the town at
Fairford Town
's Cinder Lane ground.
[121]
The town also has a non-league club,
Swindon Supermarine F.C.
, playing in the Premier South division of the
Southern League
[122]
at their
South Marston
ground.
New College Swindon
run a football academy for both sexes, usually alongside academic courses;
[123]
until the summer of 2020 they fielded
New College Swindon F.C.
, which played in Division One of the
Hellenic League
and was based at Supermarine's ground.
[124]
Rugby
[
edit
]
Swindon has three rugby union teams, Swindon Rugby Football Club, Swindon College Old Boys Rugby Football Club, who play at Nationwide Pavillion, and Supermarine Rugby Football Club.
[125]
Swindon St George
are a rugby league team playing in the West of England Rugby League. The kit consists of black and red shirts with black shorts and socks. It was founded in 2007.
English Rugby player
Jonny May
lived in
Chiseldon
and attended
The Ridgeway School & Sixth Form College
located in
Wroughton
, both nearby villages to Swindon.
Ice hockey
[
edit
]
The
Swindon Wildcats
play in the second-tier
English Premier Ice Hockey League
. Since their inception in 1986, the Wildcats have played their home games at the 2,800-capacity
Link Centre
in West Swindon.
Motor sports
[
edit
]
Swindon Robins
is a
speedway
team competing in the top national division, the
SGB Premiership
, where they were champions in the
2017 season
. The team has operated at the Abbey Stadium,
Blunsdon
since 1949. There was a speedway track in the Gorse Hill area of Swindon in the early days of the sport in the late 1920s and early 1930s.
Foxhill motocross circuit
is 6 miles (9.7 km) southeast of the town and has staged Grand Prix events.
Athletics
[
edit
]
Swindon has two athletics clubs affiliated to
England Athletics
, Swindon Harriers (running, track and field)
[126]
and Swindon Striders (running).
[127]
There is also a group called Swindon Shin Splints.
[128]
Two
Hash House Harrier
running groups are centred on Swindon, North Wilts Hash House Harriers (who run every Sunday) and the Moonrakers Hash House Harriers (who run every other Wednesday evening).
[129]
There is a
parkrun
held every Saturday at Lydiard Country Park.
[130]
Climbing
[
edit
]
Swindon Mountaineering Club is affiliated to the
British Mountaineering Council
and organise meets for
walking
,
rock climbing
and
mountaineering
in the UK and abroad. Members train on an indoor
climbing wall
at the Rockstar Climbing Centre in Swindon.
[131]
Notable residents
[
edit
]
- Dean Ashton
, former
England
international footballer
[132]
- Julian Clary
, stand-up comedian who lived in
Rodbourne
[133]
- Rick Davies
, vocalist and keyboardist from the rock band
Supertramp
[134]
- Diana Dors
, actor
[135]
- Justin Hayward
, lead singer and guitarist in the band
The Moody Blues
[136]
- Nick Hewer
, businessman and TV presenter
[137]
- Mark Lamarr
, comedian, TV presenter and radio host
[138]
- Electronic music
group
Meat Beat Manifesto
, originally formed in 1987 in Swindon
[139]
- Melinda Messenger
, TV presenter and former glamour model
[140]
- Edith New
, suffragette
- Rachel Shelley
, actor
- Gilbert O'Sullivan
, Irish-born singer-songwriter who grew up in Swindon
[141]
- Billie Piper
, actor
[142]
- Jon Richardson
, stand-up comedian who used to live in the town
[143]
- Ben Thatcher
, former
Premier League
footballer who played internationally for
Wales
[144]
- Post-punk band
XTC
was formed in Swindon in 1972. Three of the band's singles reached the UK top 20, gaining them a
cult following
.
[145]
- Max Cook
, motorcycle racer
[146]
- Charlie Nesbitt, motorcycle racer
[147]
- Fraser Rogers
, motorcycle racer
[148]
Twin towns
[
edit
]
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
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a
b
"United Kingdom: Major Cities in England - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information"
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a
b
c
d
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in the
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"STEAM and the history of Swindon Works"
.
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. Retrieved
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2023
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b
c
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The Mechanics' Institution Trust
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b
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? The Mechanics Institution Trust, Swindon
Archived
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. Retrieved on 23 July 2007. Reference updated 12 December 2013
- ^
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? 1996 lecture by Swindon labour movement historian Trevor Cockbill
Archived
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Wayback Machine
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? The Mechanics Institution Trust, Swindon
Archived
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. Archived from the original on 29 September 2007
. Retrieved
23 July
2007
.
{{
cite web
}}
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
link
)
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? the Swindon, Marlborough & Andover Railway
Archived
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, Railspot Reloaded
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Archived
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.
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.
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.
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Further reading
[
edit
]
- Swindon in 50 Buildings,
Angela Atkinson, Amberley Publishing, 2019, paperback, 96 pages,
ISBN
978 1 4456 9047 6
(print),
ISBN
978 1 4456 9048 3
(ebook)
- Secret Swindon
, Angela Atkinson, Amberley Publishing, 2018, paperback, 96 pages,
ISBN
978-1445683386
- Swindon
, Mark Child, Breedon Books, 2002, hardcover, 159 pages,
ISBN
1-85983-322-5
- Francis Frith's Swindon Living Memories (Photographic Memories S.)
, Francis Frith and Brian Bridgeman, The Frith Book Company Ltd, 2003, Paperback, 96 pages,
ISBN
1-85937-656-8
- An Awkward Size for a Town
, Kenneth Hudson, 1967, David & Charles Publishers (no ISBN)
External links
[
edit
]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
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