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Two small muscular fasciculi, accessories to the tendon of the internal obturator muscle
The
gemelli muscles
are the inferior gemellus muscle
and the superior gemellus muscle, two small accessory fasciculi to the tendon of the
internal obturator muscle
. The gemelli muscles belong to the
lateral rotator group
of six muscles of the hip that rotate the
femur
in the hip joint.
Superior gemellus muscle
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Gemelli muscles ? superior shown in red above internal obturator, and inferior shown below the internal obturator.
The gemelli muscles are two small muscular
fasciculi
, accessories to the tendon of the
internal obturator muscle
which is received into a groove between them. The
superior gemellus muscle
is the higher placed gemellus muscle that arises from the outer (gluteal) surface of the
ischial spine
, and blends with the upper part of the tendon of the internal obturator. It is smaller than the inferior gemellus. In some people, the fibres of the gemellus superior extend further than average, and are prolonged onto the medial surface of the
greater trochanter
of the femur.
[1]
The superior and inferior gemelli are supplied by the
inferior gluteal artery
. Nerve supply to the superior gemellus is from the supply to the internal obturator ? L5, S1, and S2.
[2]
Inferior gemellus muscle
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The
inferior gemellus muscle
arises from the upper part of the
ischial tuberosity
, immediately below the groove for the internal obturator tendon. It blends with the lower part of the tendon, and is inserted with it into the medial surface of the
greater trochanter
. It is rarely absent.
Like the internal obturator muscle, the gemellus superior and gemellus inferior help to steady the femoral head in the acetabulum. Both muscles also help to laterally rotate the extended thigh and abduct the flexed thigh at the hip by assisting the internal obturator.
[1]
The gemelli muscles act to compensate the reduced power of the internal obturator as it turns around the
lesser sciatic notch
.
[1]
Blood supply is from the inferior gluteal artery. Nerve supply is from the supply to the
quadratus femoris
? L4 to S1.
[2]
Etymology
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Gemellus is the diminutive of "geminus"
[
clarification needed
]
meaning twin, doubled or duplicated. The superior and inferior gemellus muscles are paired and perform the same action.
Additional images
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-
Superior gemellus muscle.
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Right hip bone. External surface.
-
Right femur. Anterior surface.
References
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]
- ^
a
b
c
Palastanga, Nigel; Soames, Roger (November 2011).
Physiotherapy Essentials : Anatomy and Human Movement : Structure and Function
(6th ed.). London, GBR: Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 235?237.
ISBN
9780702035531
.
- ^
a
b
Miniato, Mohammed A.; Black, Asa C.; Varacallo, Matthew (2023),
"Anatomy, Back, Lumbosacral Trunk"
,
StatPearls
, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing,
PMID
30969700
, retrieved
2023-12-28
External links
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