Sodium permanganate

Names
IUPAC name Sodium manganate(VII)
Other names Sodium permanganate, permanganate of sodium
Identifiers
CAS Number	10101-50-5   N
3D model ( JSmol )	Interactive image
ChemSpider	23303   Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.030.215
PubChem CID	23673458
RTECS number	SD6650000
UNII	IZ5356R281   N
CompTox Dashboard ( EPA )	DTXSID2051504
InChI InChI=1S/Mn.Na.4O/q;+1;;;;-1   Y Key: WPWYHBSOACXYBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N   Y InChI=1/Mn.Na.4O/q;+1;;;;-1/rMnO4.Na/c2-1(3,4)5;/q-1;+1 Key: WPWYHBSOACXYBB-NJUWVQTAAZ
SMILES [Na+].[O-][Mn](=O)(=O)=O
Properties
Chemical formula	NaMnO 4
Molar mass	141.9254 g/mol 159.94 g/mol (monohydrate)
Appearance	Red solid
Density	1.972 g/cm 3 (monohydrate)
Melting point	36 °C (97 °F; 309 K) (170 °C for trihydrate)
Solubility in water	90 g/100 mL
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Oxidizer
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N   verify  ( what is   Y N  ?) Infobox references

Sodium permanganate is the inorganic compound with the formula Na MnO ₄ . It is closely related to the more commonly encountered potassium permanganate , but it is generally less desirable, because it is more expensive to produce. It is mainly available as the monohydrate . This salt absorbs water from the atmosphere and has a low melting point. Being about 15 times more soluble than KMnO ₄ , sodium permanganate finds some applications where very high concentrations of MnO ₄ ^? are sought.

Preparation and properties [ edit ]

Sodium permanganate cannot be prepared analogously to the route to KMnO ₄ because the required intermediate manganate salt, Na ₂ MnO ₄ , does not form. Thus less direct routes are used including conversion from KMnO ₄ . ^[1]

Sodium permanganate behaves similarly to potassium permanganate . It dissolves readily in water to give deep purple solutions, evaporation of which gives prismatic purple-black glistening crystals of the monohydrate NaMnO ₄ ·H ₂ O. The potassium salt does not form a hydrate . Because of its hygroscopic nature, it is less useful in analytical chemistry than its potassium counterpart.

It can be prepared by the reaction of manganese dioxide with sodium hypochlorite:

2 MnO ₂ + 3 NaClO + 2 NaOH → 2 NaMnO ₄ + 3 NaCl + H ₂ O

Applications [ edit ]

Because of its high solubility, its aqueous solutions are used as a drilled hole debris remover and etchant in printed circuitry , with a limited utility though. ^[1] It is gaining popularity in water treatment for taste, odor, and zebra mussel control. ^[2] The V-2 rocket used it in combination with hydrogen peroxide to drive a steam turbopump . ^[3]

As an oxidizer, sodium permanganate is used in environmental remediation of soil and groundwater contaminated with chlorinated solvents using the remediation technology in situ chemical oxidation, also referred to as ISCO. ^[4]

References [ edit ]