2003 novel by Gregory David Roberts
Shantaram
is a 2003
novel
by
Gregory David Roberts
, in which a convicted Australian bank robber and heroin addict escapes from
Pentridge Prison
and flees to India. The novel is commended by many for its vivid portrayal of life in
Bombay
in the early to late 1980s.
The novel is reportedly influenced by real events in the life of the author, though some claims made by Roberts are contested by others involved in the story.
Plot summary
[
edit
]
In 1978, Roberts was sentenced to a 19-year imprisonment in Australia after being convicted of a series of armed robberies of
building society
branches,
credit unions
, and shops. In July 1980, he escaped from Victoria's
Pentridge Prison
in broad daylight, thereby becoming one of Australia's
most wanted
men for the next ten years.
The protagonist Lindsay (according to the book, Roberts' fake name) arrives in
Bombay
carrying a false passport in the name of Lindsay Ford. Mumbai was supposed to be only a stopover on a journey that was to take him from New Zealand to Germany, but he decides to stay in the city. Lindsay soon meets a local man named Prabhakar whom he hires as a guide. Prabhakar soon becomes his friend and names him Lin (Linbaba). Both men visit Prabhakar's native village, Sunder, where Prabhakar's mother decided to give Lin a new Maharashtrian name, like her own. Because she judged his nature to be blessed with peaceful happiness, she decided to call him
Shantaram
, meaning
Man of God's Peace
. On their way back to Mumbai, Lin and Prabhakar are robbed. With all his possessions gone, Lin is forced to live in the
slums
, which shelters him from the authorities. After a massive fire on the day of his arrival in the slum, he sets up a free health clinic as a way to contribute to the community. He learns about the local culture and customs in this cramped environment, gets to know and love the people he encounters, and even becomes fluent in
Marathi
, the local language. He also witnesses and battles outbreaks of
cholera
and firestorms, becomes involved in trading with the
lepers
, and experiences how ethnic and marital conflicts are resolved in this densely crowded and diverse community.
The novel describes a number of foreigners of various origins, as well as local Indians, highlighting the rich diversity of life in Mumbai. Lin falls in love with Karla, a Swiss-American woman, befriends local artists and actors, landing him roles as an
extra
in several
Bollywood
movies, and is recruited by the Mumbai
underworld
for various criminal operations, including drug and weapons trade. Lin eventually lands in Mumbai's
Arthur Road Prison
. There, along with hundreds of other inmates, he endures brutal physical and mental abuse from the guards, while existing under extremely squalid conditions. However, thanks to the protection of the
Afghan
mafia don "Abdel Khader Khan", Lin is eventually released, and begins to work in a
black market
currency exchange and passport forgery. Having travelled as far as Africa on trips commissioned by the mafia, Lin later goes to Afghanistan to smuggle weapons for
mujahideen
freedom fighters. When his mentor Khan is killed, Lin realizes he has become everything he grew to loathe and falls into depression after he returns to India. He decides that he must fight for what he believes is right, and build an honest life. The story ends with him planning to go to
Sri Lanka
, which lays the premise for the sequel to this book.
Fact-based elements
[
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]
While parts of the novel, based on Roberts' known biography, such as Roberts' criminal history and escape from prison in Australia, are a matter of public record,
[1]
and read as reportedly factual, numerous significant claims by Roberts remain harder (or impossible) to verify and are disputed by the family of one of the main Indian characters in the book.
[2]
There is a great deal of debate as to where the boundaries lie between fact and fiction in the book. Roberts has stated the characters in the story are largely invented, and that he merged different elements taken from true events and people into such events and characters like Prabaker 'of the big smile'.
[3]
Prabhakar Kisan Khare was a real-life individual, as are the members of Khare family from the book (Kisan, Rukhma, Kishor and Parvati Khare) whose names appear on government issued identity cards.
[4]
The family resides in the
Navy Nagar
slum where the lead character Shantaram also lived. The Khare family disputes many of Roberts' claims, although they acknowledge close association with Gregory Roberts in the 1980s. Prabhakar died in an accident in 1988 in circumstances matching the event in the book.
[5]
In March 2006, the
Mumbai Mirror
reported they may have discovered the inspiration for the big smile of the character Prabhakar as belonging to a still living cab driver called Kishore, who took Roberts to his home village.
[6]
Kishore Khare, brother of Prabhakar, who drives tourists around Mumbai, has told his story.
[
citation needed
]
Roberts' position, based on his interviews
[
edit
]
"With respect,
Shantaram
is not an autobiography, it's a novel. If the book reads like an autobiography, I take that as a very high compliment, because I structured the created narrative to read like fiction but feel like fact. I wanted the novel to have the page-turning drive of a work of fiction but to be informed by such a powerful stream of real experience that it had the authentic feel of fact."
[7]
"As with the novel
Shantaram
, the experiences in
The Mountain Shadow
are derived from my own real experiences, and the characters, dialogue, and narrative structure are all created."
[8]
Roberts repeatedly stated this, as on the book's official website:
All of the characters in the novel,
Shantaram
, are created. None of the characters bears even a remote resemblance to any real person I've ever known. Proceeding from the theme of exile, all of the characters represent one or another aspect of the exile experience. None of the characters ? with the exception of Johnny Cigar, who is born to a vanished (exiled) father from somewhere beyond the city ? is born in Bombay.
[9]
Publication history
[
edit
]
Originally,
Shantaram
was published by Scribe Publications as a hardcover and later as a paperback. Following the mediated resolution in 2004 of a dispute that arose in 2003 between Scribe and the book's author,
Gregory David Roberts
, rights to all forms of the local publication of
Shantaram
reverted to the author after Scribe sold its remaining stock of hardbacks.
[10]
Pan Macmillan
then took over publication under the
Picador label
.
[11]
Reception
[
edit
]
| This section
needs expansion
. You can help by
adding to it
.
(
February 2021
)
|
Megan O'Grady of
The New York Times
wrote "Few stand out quite like "Shantaram"", calling it a "gentle giant".
[12]
Carole Burns of
The Washington Post
described Gregory David Robert's "blatantly autobiographical" novel as sprawling and intelligent.
[13]
Emma Lee-Potter of
The Independent
listed it as one of the 12 best Indian novels, calling it a "page-turning debut".
[14]
Sequels
[
edit
]
Gregory Roberts has said that
Shantaram
is the first book in a planned quartet. A sequel entitled
The Mountain Shadow
was released on 13 October 2015 by
Little Brown
.
[15]
In this long-awaited sequel, Lin strives to survive in the new Bombay run by the new mafia.
Proposed film adaptation
[
edit
]
When the novel
Shantaram
was published in 2003, several parties, including actor
Russell Crowe
, expressed interest in a film adaptation. Although Crowe was temporarily attached to a bid,
Warner Bros.
went forward with a $2 million bid primarily due to actor
Johnny Depp
's expression of love for the book to studio executive Brad Grey. With the rights won, Depp was attached to star in the film, which was to be based on a script written by the book's author
Gregory David Roberts
.
[16]
Roberts commended the casting choice, and the author said of his intended script, "The screenplay I am writing will be as complex and will have the same sense of layering and texturing. Thematically, it will reflect everything that is in the heart of the book and that is the exile experience, and the power of love to transform and change the heart of a person. But the book is a book and the film is a film?they are different art forms so the film will have an independent life."
[17]
In October 2005, Warner Bros. hired screenwriter
Eric Roth
to rewrite the initial draft created by Roberts.
[18]
The following November, director
Peter Weir
was hired by the studio to helm
Shantaram
and develop the script with Roth. The studio originally planned to schedule production for late 2006.
[19]
By June 2006, Weir departed from the project with a studio spokesperson citing different interpretations between the director and the studio and producers.
[20]
In January 2007, director
Mira Nair
replaced Weir at the helm. The studio anticipated production would begin by autumn 2007 for a 2008 release.
[21]
Roth began rewriting the script to lower project costs, and actor
Amitabh Bachchan
joined to star opposite Depp. By November 2007, the anticipated February production start was cancelled by Warner Bros, who cited the
2007?2008 Writers Guild of America strike
's interference with the script's readiness, the impending monsoon season in India, and Depp's schedule difficulties in filming between India and New Mexico in the United States.
[22]
The studio anticipated that production would finally begin in September 2008,
[23]
but by November 2009, with production not starting,
The Independent
reported the project had been cancelled.
[24]
In May 2013, the
Mumbai Mirror
reported that Warner Bros. had negotiated to retain the film rights until 2015, fuelling speculation that a film adaptation of
Shantaram
was still in the works.
[25]
In the following October, it was announced that
Joel Edgerton
would be starring in the leading role, with
Eric Roth
penning the adaptation and Johnny Depp now involved as a producer.
Warner Bros.
was in early talks with
Garth Davis
, co-director of the Emmy-nominated
Top of the Lake
, to make his feature film directing debut on the movie.
[26]
[27]
An article from
The Sydney Morning Herald
published in April 2021 covered the development of all plans for screen adaptations of the book, saying that
Warner Bros.
had lost the film rights by 2015 and that a planned movie with Johnny
Depp
as one of its producers and
Joel Edgerton
as protagonist had been cancelled.
[28]
TV adaptation
[
edit
]
On 7 June 2018, it was announced that
Apple Inc.
was developing a television adaptation of the novel for
Apple TV+
to be written by
Eric Warren Singer
who will also executive produce alongside
David Manson
, Nicole Clemens,
Steve Golin
, and Andrea Barron with
Charlie Hunnam
in the lead role. Production companies set to be involved with the potential series include
Anonymous Content
and
Paramount Television
.
[29]
In August 2019, it was announced that production was moving forward with filming set to begin in October 2019. The series will be filmed in
Victoria
, Australia, with scenes filmed at
Docklands Studios Melbourne
and
HM Prison Pentridge
. It was also announced that the series will get 7.4 million
Australian dollars
in funding from the
Australian Government
. The series consists of 12 episodes with four episodes directed by
Justin Kurzel
.
[30]
[31]
[32]
[33]
[34]
[35]
[36]
[37]
Steven Lightfoot has joined the show as showrunner.
[38]
It premiered on Apple TV+ on 14 October 2022, starring
Charlie Hunnam
.
[39]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
"Greg Roberts"
.
Australian Broadcasting Corporation
. 18 February 2004
. Retrieved
15 January
2014
.
- ^
"Shantaram"
.
Marginal Revolution
. 17 May 2007
. Retrieved
15 January
2014
.
- ^
"Shantaram - India Travel Forum"
.
IndiaMike.com
. Retrieved
15 January
2014
.
- ^
"Khare Family Photos"
.
Shantaram.co.in
. 22 March 2013
. Retrieved
15 January
2014
.
- ^
"Fact, Fiction or Both"
.
Shantaram.co.in
. 25 March 2013
. Retrieved
15 January
2014
.
- ^
"Mumbai Mirror"
. Archived from
the original
on 25 October 2007.
- ^
Gregory David Roberts.
"interview"
.
The Indian Express
. Archived from
the original
on 12 February 2012
. Retrieved
20 February
2012
– via Shantaram.com.
- ^
Gregory David Roberts.
"interview"
.
Platform Magazine
. Archived from
the original
on 27 January 2013
. Retrieved
20 February
2012
– via Shantaram.com.
- ^
Roberts, Gregory David.
"The Characters"
.
Shantaram.com
. Archived from
the original
on 16 February 2014
. Retrieved
27 November
2013
.
- ^
"Scribe Publications"
.
scribepublications.com.au
. Archived from
the original
on 15 May 2007.
- ^
"Picador Edition - Softcover"
.
- ^
O'Grady, Megan (26 December 2004).
"
'Shantaram': Bombay or Bust"
.
The New York Times
.
ISSN
0362-4331
. Retrieved
31 October
2022
.
- ^
Burns, Carole (9 January 2005).
"Redemption Song"
.
The Washington Post
.
- ^
Lee-Potter, Emma (5 August 2020).
"12 best Indian novels that everyone needs to read"
.
The Independent
. Retrieved
23 December
2020
.
- ^
"
"The Mountain Shadow" - Long-awaited sequel to Shantaram coming in October"
.
Little Brown
. Retrieved
16 June
2015
.
- ^
Fleming, Michael; Dunkley, Cathy (6 October 2004).
"WB books adventure for Depp"
.
Variety
.
- ^
Moran, Jonathon (8 October 2004). "Depp perfectly cast in Shantaram, author says".
Australian Associated Press
.
- ^
Fleming, Michael (25 October 2005).
"Scribe's in custody"
.
Variety
.
- ^
Fleming, Michael (30 November 2005).
"Weir to steer Depp pic"
.
Variety
.
- ^
Fleming, Michael (11 June 2006).
"
'Shantaram' shuffling"
.
Variety
.
- ^
McClintock, Pamela (18 January 2007).
"Nair, Depp journey to India film"
.
Variety
.
- ^
Fleming, Michael; Anne Thompson (19 November 2007).
"Strike delays 'Shantaram,' 'Nine'
"
.
Variety
.
- ^
Thompson, Anne (29 November 2007).
"Hollywood's new scapegoat"
.
Variety
.
- ^
Akbar, Arifa (13 November 2009).
"Underworld tale won't see light of day"
.
The Independent
.
- ^
"After nine years, ray of hope for Shantaram film"
.
Mumbai Mirror
. 9 May 2013
. Retrieved
15 January
2014
.
- ^
"Joel Edgerton-Starring, Johnny Depp-Produced 'Shantaram' Lands A Director | The Playlist"
.
Blogs.indiewire.com
. 10 October 2013
. Retrieved
15 January
2014
.
- ^
Fleming, Mike (9 October 2013).
"Warner Bros Taps Aussie Garth Davis To Helm Joel Edgerton In 'Shantaram'
"
.
Deadline Hollywood
. Retrieved
15 January
2014
.
- ^
Quinn, Karl (11 April 2021).
"Has Shantaram curse finally lifted? Production to restart, 15 months on"
.
The Sydney Morning Herald
. Retrieved
31 October
2022
.
- ^
Andreeva, Nellie (7 June 2018).
"
'Shantaram': Apple Nabs TV Series Adaptation of Novel For Development"
.
Deadline Hollywood
. Retrieved
7 June
2018
.
- ^
"Justin Kurzel Set to Direct Apple's 'Shantaram' Series"
.
The Hollywood Reporter
. 15 August 2019
. Retrieved
16 August
2019
.
- ^
Quinn, Karl (15 August 2019).
"Shantaram to start filming in Australia for Apple TV+"
.
The Sydney Morning Herald
. Retrieved
16 August
2019
.
- ^
"
'Shantaram' Lands at Apple as First International Production"
.
The Hollywood Reporter
. 7 June 2018
. Retrieved
27 August
2019
.
- ^
"Gregory David Roberts' epic tale Shantaram being adapted for television series"
.
SBS Your Language
. Retrieved
27 August
2019
.
- ^
"Joint Media Release: Epic bestseller Shantaram to film in Victoria"
.
Paul Fletcher MP
. Retrieved
27 August
2019
.
- ^
"SBS Australia"
. Archived from
the original
on 26 February 2022
. Retrieved
27 August
2019
– via Facebook.
- ^
"
'Shantaram' TV Series in the Works With Anonymous Content, Paramount TV"
.
The Hollywood Reporter
. 10 January 2018
. Retrieved
27 August
2019
.
- ^
"
'Top of the Lake' Director in Early Talks for Johnny Depp-Produced 'Shantaram'
"
.
The Hollywood Reporter
. 9 October 2013
. Retrieved
27 August
2019
.
- ^
"Steven Lightfoot Joins Apple's 'Shantaram' as Showrunner (Exclusive) | Hollywood Reporter"
.
The Hollywood Reporter
. 20 November 2020
. Retrieved
21 November
2020
.
- ^
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External links
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Shantaram
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