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Senry? ( 川柳 ) is a Japanese form of short poetry similar to haiku in construction: three lines with 17 morae (or on , often translated as syllables , but see the article on onji for distinctions). Senry? tend to be about human foibles while haiku tend to be about nature, and senry? are often cynical or darkly humorous while haiku are more serious.

Like haiku, senry? originated as an opening part ( hokku ) of a larger Japanese poem called renga . ^[1] Unlike haiku, senry? do not include a kireji (cutting word), and do not generally include a kigo , or season word. ^{[2] [3]}

Form and content [ edit ]

Senry? is named after Edo period haikai poet Karai Senry? ( 柄井川柳 , 1718?1790) , ^[1] whose collection Haif?yanagidaru ( 誹風柳多留 ) launched the genre into the public consciousness. ^{[ citation needed ]} A typical example from the collection:

This senry? , which can also be translated "Catching him / I see the robber / is my son," is not so much a personal experience of the author as an example of a type of situation (provided by a short comment called a maeku or fore-verse, which usually prefaces a number of examples) and/or a brief or witty rendition of an incident from history or the arts (plays, songs, tales, poetry, etc.). ^{[ citation needed ]}

Senry? in the United States [ edit ]

The first senry? circle in the United States was reportedly started by Japanese immigrants in Yakima, Washington during the early 1900s. Over time, other senry? circles were established in Seattle and other Japanese communities in the Pacific Northwest . In 1938, the Los Angeles ?based Kashu Mainichi Shimbun published its first senry? section. ^[1]

During the incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II, senry? was a popular activity in the camps. ^[1]

English-language senry? publications [ edit ]

In the 1970s, Michael McClintock edited Seer Ox: American Senryu Magazine . In 1993, Michael Dylan Welch edited and published Fig Newtons: Senry? to Go , the first anthology of English-language senry? . ^[4]

• Prune Juice , ^[5] a journal of senry? and kyoka , is edited by Aaron Barry, Antoinette Cheung, and P. H. Fischer.
• Failed Haiku ^[6] is edited by Bryan Rickert and Hemapriya Chellappan.
• Simply Haiku ^[7] archives (final publication in 2009) contain a regular senry? column edited by Alan Pizzarelli .

Additionally, one can regularly find senry? and related articles in some haiku publications. For example, the World Haiku Review ^[8] has regularly published senry? . Senry? regularly appear or appeared in the pages of Modern Haiku , Frogpond , Bottle Rockets , Woodnotes , Tundra , Haiku Canada Review , Presence , Blithe Spirit , Kingfisher , and other haiku journals, often unsegregated from haiku.

American Senry? awards [ edit ]

The Haiku Society of America holds the annual Gerald Brady Memorial Award for best unpublished senry? . ^[9]

Previous Winners of the Gerald Brady Memorial Award include: ^[10]

• 1988: Frederick Gasser
• 1989: Brenda S. Duster
• 1990: John Thompson
• 1991: Leatrice Lifshitz
• 1992: Christopher Herold
• 1993: Tom Clausen
• 1994: David Carmel Gershator
• 1995: Michael Dylan Welch
• 1996: Sandra Fuhringer
• 1997: John Stevenson
• 1998: Carl Patrick
• 1999: Leatrice Lifshitz
• 2000: Yvonnne Hardenbrook
• 2001: Billie Wilson
• 2002: w. f. owen
• 2003: w. f. owen
• 2004: John Stevenson
• 2005: Emily Romano
• 2006: Roberta Beary
• 2007: Scott Mason
• 2008: David P. Grayson
• 2009: Barry George
• 2010: Garry Gay
• 2011: Ernest J. Berry
• 2012: Julie Warther
• 2013: Peter Newton
• 2014: Neal Whitman
• 2015: paul m.
• 2016: Tom Painting
• 2017: Sam Bateman
• 2018: Joshua Gage
• 2019: PMF Johnson
• 2020: Tony Williams
• 2021: Amy Losak
• 2022: Joshua St. Claire
• 2023: John Savoie

Since about 1990, the Haiku Poets of Northern California has been running a senry? contest, as part of its San Francisco International Haiku and Senryu Contest. ^[11]

See also [ edit ]

• Zappai

References [ edit ]

Bibliography and further reading [ edit ]

• J C Brown, Senryu: Poems of the People , Simon & Schuster Ltd, 1991, ISBN   978-0-8048-1664-9
• R. H. Blyth , translator, Senryu: Japanese Satirical Verses . 1949, The Hokuseido Press, ISBN   0-8371-2958-3 . Includes black and white sketches and some colored plates
• R. H. Blyth, translator, Japanese Humour. 1957, Japan Travel Bureau
• R. H. Blyth, translator, Japanese Life and Character in Senryu . 1960, The Hokuseido Press
• R. H. Blyth, translator, Oriental Humour . 1960, The Hokuseido Press
• R. H. Blyth, translator, Edo Satirical Verse Anthologies . 1961, The Hokuseido Press
• Robin D. Gill , compiler and translator, Octopussy, Dry Kidney & Blue Spots ? dirty themes from 18-19c Japanese poems , Paraverse Press, 2007. ISBN   978-0-9742618-5-0 . Chronicles 1,300 senry? ? Blyth mentioned that he could only introduce what the censors allowed; these are the type of senry? that were not allowed.
• Lorraine Ellis Harr (tombo), Selected Senryu . 1976, J & C Transcripts. One of the earliest English-language senry? -only publications
• James Day Hodgson , American Senryu . 1992, The Japan Times, ISBN   4-7890-0661-1
• Howard S. Levy and Junko Ohsawa, One Hundred Senryu Selections . 1979, So. Pasadena, CA, Langstaff Publications, ISBN   0-686-37532-7
• Alan Pizzarelli , Senryu Magazine . 2001, River Willow. Although this book looks like a regular journal, it is the effort of Alan Pizzarelli only, done as a parody of haiku journals.
• Makoto Ueda , Light Verse from the Floating World: An Anthology of Premodern Japanese Senryu , Columbia University Press, 1999. ISBN   0-231-11550-4 cloth ISBN   0-231-11551-2
• Michael Dylan Welch, ed. Fig Newtons: Senryu to Go , Press Here, 1993 (the first anthology of English-language senry? )

External links [ edit ]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Senry? .

• 'A Brief Survey of Senryu by Women' by Hiroaki Sato in Modern Haiku , Volume 34.1, Spring 2003