Flag carrier of Saudi Arabia; based in Jeddah
Saudia
(
Arabic
:
????????
as-Su??diyyah
), formerly known as
Saudi Arabian Airlines
(
Arabic
:
?????? ?????? ??????? ????????
al-?u??? al-Jawwiyyah al-?Arabiyyah as-Su??diyyah
), is the
flag carrier
of
Saudi Arabia
, based in
Jeddah
.
[3]
[4]
The airline's main hub is at
King Abdulaziz International Airport
in
Jeddah
and
King Khalid International Airport
in
Riyadh
, with it planning to pull out of Riyadh as a major hub by 2030.
[5]
Saudia operates domestic and international scheduled flights to over 100 destinations in the Middle East, Africa, Asia, Europe and North America. Domestic and international
charter flights
are operated, mostly during the
Ramadan
and the
Hajj
seasons. It joined the
SkyTeam
airline alliance on 29 May 2012, making it the first carrier from the
Persian Gulf
region to join one of the three major
airline alliances
. Saudia is a member and one of the founders of the
Arab Air Carriers' Organization
.
[6]
History
[
edit
]
Early years
[
edit
]
When U.S. President
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
presented a
Douglas DC-3
as a gift to
King Abdul Aziz Ibn Saud
in 1945, the event marked the kingdom's gradual development of civil aviation. The nation's
flag carrier
, Saudia, was founded as Saudi Arabian Airlines in September 1945
[7]
as a fully owned government agency under the control of the Ministry of Defense, with
Trans World Airlines(TWA)
running the airline under a management contract.
The now-demolished
Al-Kandara Airport
, which was close to Jeddah, served as the flag carrier's main base. Among the airline's early operations was a special flight from Lydda (
Lod
) in
Palestine
(today in Israel, site of
Ben-Gurion International Airport
), a
British Mandate
at that time, to carry Hajj pilgrims to Jeddah. The airline used five DC-3 aircraft to launch scheduled operations on the Jeddah-Riyadh-Hofuf-Dhahran route in March 1947. Its first international service was between Jeddah and Cairo. Service to
Beirut
,
Karachi
[8]
and
Damascus
followed in early 1948. The following year the first of five
Bristol 170s
was received. These aircraft offered the airline the flexibility of carrying both passengers and cargo.
[9]
In 1962, the airline took delivery of two
Boeing 720s
, becoming the fourth Middle Eastern airline to fly jet aircraft, after
Middle East Airlines
and
Cyprus Airways
with the
de Havilland Comet
in 1960 and
El Al
with the
Boeing 707
in 1961.
[10]
On 19 February 1963, the airline became a registered company, with
King Faisal of Saudi Arabia
signing the papers that declared Saudia a fully independent company.
DC-6s
and
Boeing 707s
were later bought, and the airline joined the AACO, the
Arab Air Carriers' Organization
. Services were started to
Frankfurt
,
Geneva
,
Khartoum
,
London
,
Mumbai
,
Rabat
,
Sharjah
,
Tehran
,
Tripoli
, and
Tunis
.
In the 1970s, a new livery was introduced. It comprised a white fuselage with green and blue stripes and a green tailfin. The carrier's name was changed to
Saudia
on 1 April 1972.
Boeing 737s
and
Fokker F-28s
were bought, with the 737s replacing the
Douglas DC-9
. The airline operated its first
Boeing 747
service in 1977 when three Jumbo Jets were leased from
Middle East Airlines
and deployed in the
London
sector. The first all-cargo flights between Saudi Arabia and Europe were started, and
Lockheed L-1011s
and
Fairchild FH-27s
were introduced. New services, including the
Arabian Express
'no reservation shuttle flights' between Jeddah and Riyadh. The Special Flight Services (SFS) was set up as a special unit of Saudia and operates special flights for
the royal family
and government agencies. Service was also started to
Kano
,
Muscat
,
Paris
,
Rome
, and
Stockholm
. The Pan Am/Saudia joint service between
Dhahran
and
New York City
began in 1979.
[11]
In the 1980s services such as Saudia Catering began. Flights were started to
Amsterdam
,
Athens
,
Baghdad
,
Bangkok
,
Brussels
,
Colombo
,
Dakar
,
Delhi
,
Dhaka
,
Islamabad
,
Jakarta
,
Kuala Lumpur
,
Lahore
,
Madrid
,
Manila
,
Mogadishu
,
Nairobi
,
New York City
,
Nice
,
Seoul
,
Singapore
, and
Taipei
.
Horizon Class
, a
business class
service, was established to offer enhanced service. Cargo hubs were built in Brussels and Taipei.
Airbus A300s
,
Boeing 747s
, and
Cessna
Citations were also added to the fleet, the Citations for the SFS service. In 1989 services to
Larnaca
and
Addis Ababa
began. On 1 July 1982, the first nonstop service from
Jeddah
to
New York City
was initiated with Boeing 747SP aircraft. This was followed by a Riyadh-New York route.
In the 1990s, services to Orlando, Chennai, Asmara, Washington, D.C., Johannesburg, Alexandria, Milan, Malaga (seasonal), and Sanaa (resumption) were introduced.
Boeing 777s
,
MD-90s
and
MD-11s
were introduced. New female
flight attendant
uniforms designed by
Adnan Akbar
were introduced. A new corporate identity was launched on 16 July 1996, featuring a
sand
colored
fuselage
with contrasting dark blue tailfin, the center of which featured a stylized representation of the
House of Saud
crest. The Saudia name was dropped in the identity revamp, with the full Saudi Arabian Airlines name used.
Development (2000s?2020s)
[
edit
]
On 8 October 2000, Prince
Sultan bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
, the Saudi
Minister of Defense and Aviation
, signed a contract to conduct studies for the
privatization
of Saudi Arabian Airlines. In preparation for this, the airline was restructured to allow non-core units?including Saudia catering,
ground handling services
and maintenance as well as the
Prince Sultan Aviation Academy
in Jeddah?to be transformed into commercial units and profit centers. In April 2005, the Saudi government indicated that the airline may also lose its monopoly on domestic services.
[12]
In 2006, Saudia began the process of dividing itself into
Strategic Business Units
(SBU); the catering unit was the first to be privatized.
[13]
In August 2007, Saudi Arabia's
Council of Ministers
approved the conversion of strategic units into companies. It is planned that ground services, technical services,
air cargo
and the
Prince Sultan Aviation Academy
, medical division, as well as the catering unit, will become subsidiaries of a holding company.
[14]
The airline rebranded to its former brand name
Saudia
(used from 1972 to 1996) on 29 May 2012, dropping the Saudi Arabian Airlines branding entirely; the name was changed to celebrate the company's entry into the
SkyTeam
airline alliance on that day, and it was part of a larger
rebranding
initiative.
[15]
Saudia received 64 new aircraft by the end of 2012 (six from
Boeing
and 58 from
Airbus
). Another eight
Boeing 787-9
aircraft started to join the fleet in 2015.
[16]
In April 2016, Saudia announced the creation of a
low-cost
subsidiary named
Flyadeal
. The airline was launched as part of Saudia Group's SV2020 Transformation Strategy, which intends to transform the group's units into world-class organisations by 2020. Flyadeal, which serves domestic and regional destinations, began operating in mid-2017.
[17]
Continued growth and new brand identity (2020s?present)
[
edit
]
In April 2021, Saudia announced that on 19 April, it will try the mobile app developed by the International Air Transport Association (IATA) that helps passengers manage their travel information and documents digitally.
[18]
In December 2021, Saudia was in talks with the two major aircraft manufacturers
Airbus
and
Boeing
in purchasing new wide-body aircraft, the airline will decide in early 2022 whether it will order the
Airbus A350
or the
Boeing 777X
, or it might purchase more
Boeing 787
's instead. The airline also chose the
CFM International LEAP
engine to power its
Airbus
A321neos which are expected to be delivered in 2024. The airline plans to have 250 planes in its fleet by 2030.
[19]
In April 2022 services began to
Seoul
,
Beijing
,
Batumi
,
Mykonos
,
Barcelona
,
Malaga
,
Bangkok
,
Chicago
,
Moscow
,
Entebbe
and
Kyiv
. Services to Kyiv are currently not operating due to the
2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
. In June 2022, they resumed services to
Zurich
. In July 2022 Saudia signed a contract with the Air Connectivity Programme to launch four new destinations to Zurich,
Barcelona
,
Tunis
and
Kuala Lumpur
.
In March 2023, Saudia ordered 39
Boeing 787s
split between the -9 and -10 variants, with options for a further ten aircraft.
In September 2023, Saudia announced a rebrand to a 1980s-like design and logo. It also introduced a new travel AI assistant called "SAUDIA", using
Open AI's
GPT-4
.
[20]
Awards
[
edit
]
Saudia was named the World's Most Improved Airline' for 2017 and 2020 by
SkyTrax
.
[21]
Saudia was the main sponsor of the
Williams
Formula One
team from 1977 to 1984. During this period Williams won the
Constructors' Championship
twice (
1980
and
1981
), and two Williams drivers won the
Drivers' Championship
:
Alan Jones
in
1980
and
Keke Rosberg
in
1982
.
Saudia was the main sponsor of the 2018 and 2019
Diriyah ePrix
. They are the official airline of
Formula E
, with one of their planes, a
Boeing 777-300ER
, painted in a special livery featuring an eagle head with the
Spark SRT05e
Gen2 car behind it.
[22]
[23]
In November 2022,
Newcastle United
announced Saudia as the club’s official tour airline partner.
[24]
In March 2023,
Aston Martin F1 Team
announced Saudia as the team's official global airline partner in a multi-year deal.
[25]
Destinations
[
edit
]
Saudia operates to 102 destinations as of October 2022. The airline plans to reach 250 destinations by 2030.
Codeshare agreements
[
edit
]
Saudia has
codeshare agreements
with
SkyTeam
partners and with the following airlines:
[26]
Fleet
[
edit
]
Current fleet
[
edit
]
As of June 2024
[update]
, Saudia operates the following aircraft:
[41]
[42]
[43]
[
needs update
]
Historic fleet
[
edit
]
Saudia formerly operated the following aircraft:
[52]
Other aircraft
[
edit
]
Saudia Special Flight Services, VIP flights, and Private Aviation operate the following, several of which sport the airline's livery
Some military
C-130s
are also painted with the Saudia colors and are flown by
Royal Saudi Air Force
crews to support Saudi official activities in the region and Europe.
Since 2017 two mobile escalators (TEC Hunert MFT 500-01
[55]
) travel with the King and transported by separate aircraft.
In 2021, the Saudi royal flight's single
Boeing 747-400
registered as HZ-HM1 was painted in a new livery.
[56]
As of January 2022, all the Saudi royal flight aircraft are going to be operated by a private company, that's why all aircraft are to be painted in another livery soon.
[
citation needed
]
In-flight services
[
edit
]
The
inflight magazine
of Saudia is called
Ahlan Wasahlan
(
????? ??????
"Hello and Welcome"). No
alcoholic beverages
or
pork
are served on board in accordance with
Islamic dietary laws
. Selected
Airbus
A320
,
Airbus
A330-300
,
Boeing 787-9
,
Boeing 787-10
, and
Boeing 777-300ER
aircraft are equipped with
Wi-Fi
and mobile network connectivity on board. Most aircraft also offer onboard specialized prayer areas and a recorded prayer is played before takeoff.
[57]
Incidents and accidents
[
edit
]
- On 25 September 1959, a Saudia
Douglas DC-4/C-54A-5-DO
(registration HZ-AAF), performed a belly landing shortly after take-off from the old Jeddah Airport. The cause of the accident was just locks not deactivated by the mechanic, followed by a stall. All 67 passengers and five crew members survived.
[58]
- On 9 February 1968, a
Douglas C-47
(reg. HZ-AAE) was damaged beyond economic repair at an unknown location.
[59]
- On 10 November 1970, a
Douglas DC-3
on a flight from
Amman Civil Airport
,
Jordan
to King Khalid International Airport, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia was hijacked and diverted to
Damascus Airport
,
Syria
.
[60]
- On 11 July 1972, a
Douglas C-47
B (reg. HZ-AAK) was damaged beyond economic repair in an accident at
Tabuk Airport
.
[61]
- On 2 January 1976, Saudia Flight 5130, a
McDonnell Douglas DC-10
-30CF, leased from
ONA
undershot the runway at
Istanbul, Turkey
, crash landed, tearing off the #1 engine and causing the left wing to catch fire. All passengers and crew evacuated safely. The aircraft was written off.
[62]
- On 19 August 1980,
Saudia Flight 163
, a
Lockheed L-1011-200 TriStar
(HZ-AHK), operating
Karachi
-
Riyadh
-
Jeddah
, was completely destroyed by fire at Riyadh airport with the loss of all 301 people on board due to delays in evacuating the aircraft.
[63]
This was the deadliest accident experienced by Saudia until 312 were killed in the loss of Flight 763 over 16 years later.
- On 22 December 1980,
Saudia Flight 162
, a Lockheed L-1011-200 TriStar, operating
Dhahran
to
Karachi
, experienced an explosive decompression, penetrating the passenger cabin. The hole sucked out two passengers and depressurized the cabin.
[64]
- On 5 April 1984, a Saudia
Lockheed L-1011 TriStar
on final approach to
Damascus
from
Jeddah
was hijacked by a Syrian national. The hijacker demanded to be taken to
Istanbul
, Turkey but changed his mind and requested to go to
Stockholm
, Sweden. After landing in Istanbul to refuel, the hijacker was arrested after the pilot pushed him out of the emergency exit.
[65]
- On 12 November 1996, a Saudia
Boeing 747-100
B (HZ-AIH), operating flight 763, was involved in the
1996 Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision
. The aircraft was on its way from
New Delhi
, India, to
Dhahran
, Saudi Arabia when a
Kazakhstan Airlines
Ilyushin Il-76
(UN-76435) collided with it over the village of
Charkhi Dadri
, some miles west of New Delhi. Flight 763 was carrying 312 people, all of whom, along with 37 more on the Kazakh aircraft, died, for a total of 349 fatalities.
[66]
[67]
The loss of Flight 763 alone remains Saudia's worst accident in terms of fatalities. The accident overall also remains the world's deadliest mid-air collision.
- On 6 September 1997, A Boeing 737-200 operating as Saudia Flight 1861 (reg. HZ-AGM) from Najran was accelerating on its takeoff roll when the No. 2 engine spooled up without any pilot input, the captain attempted to abort the landing but the engine continued to increase in power. The plane veered to the left of the runway, causing the main landing gears to collapse and tearing the right engine off the wing. It skidded for a few meters before stopping on the sand, a fire broke out but all 85 occupants managed to escape.
[68]
[69]
- On 14 October 2000, Saudia Flight 115,
[70]
flying from
Jeddah
to
London
was hijacked en route by two men who claimed they were armed with explosives. The hijackers commandeered the
Boeing 777
-200ER (HZ-AKH) to
Baghdad
,
Iraq
, where all 90 passengers and 15 crew members were safely released. The two hijackers, identified as Lieutenant Faisal Naji Hamoud Al-Bilawi and First Lieutenant Ayesh Ali Hussein Al-Fareedi,
[71]
both Saudi citizens, were arrested and later extradited to Saudi Arabia in 2003.
[72]
[73]
- On 23 August 2001, at
Kuala Lumpur International Airport
,
Malaysia
, a
Boeing 747-300
(reg. HZ-AIO) suffered nose damage as it entered a monsoon drainage ditch while it was being taxied by maintenance staff from the hangar to the gate before a return flight to Saudi Arabia. None of the six crew members on board at the time were injured, but the aircraft was written off.
[74]
[75]
- On 8 September 2005, a
Boeing 747
travelling from
Colombo
to
Jeddah
, carrying mostly Sri Lankan nationals to take up employment in the Kingdom, received a false alarm claiming that a bomb had been planted on board. The aircraft returned to Colombo. During the evacuation, there was a passenger stampede in the wake of which one Sri Lankan woman died, 62 were injured, and 17 were hospitalized. The aircraft had taken on a load of 420 passengers in Colombo.
[76]
According to the
Civil Aviation Authority of Sri Lanka
, the probable cause was a "Breakdown of timely and effective communication amongst Aerodrome Controller and Ground Handling (SriLankan Airlines) personnel had prevented a timely dispatch of the stepladders to the aircraft to deplane the passengers in a timely manner, which resulted in the Pilot-In-Command to order an emergency evacuation of the passengers through slides after being alarmed by the bomb threat."
[77]
- On 25 May 2008, an
Air Atlanta Icelandic
aircraft operating for Saudia as Flight 810 (TF-ARS) from
Prince Mohammad Bin Abdulaziz Airport
,
Madinah
made an unscheduled landing at
Zia International Airport
(now
Shahjalal International Airport
),
Dhaka
. During the roll the tower controller reported that he saw a fire on the right-hand wing. Upon vacating the runway, the crew received a fire indication for engine number three. The fire extinguisher was activated and all engines were shut down. The aircraft, a
Boeing 747-357
, which was damaged beyond repair, was successfully evacuated.
[78]
Only minor injuries were incurred.
[79]
Investigations revealed a fuel leak where the fuel enters the front spar for engine number three.
[78]
- On 5 January 2014, a leased
Boeing 767
operating under Saudia was forced to make an emergency landing at
Prince Mohammad bin Abdulaziz Airport
in
Medina
after the landing gear failed to deploy. 29 people were injured in the incident.
[80]
[81]
- On 5 August 2014, a
Boeing 747-400
(reg. HZ-AIX) operating as flight 871 from Manila to Riyadh veered off runway 24 of
Ninoy Aquino International Airport
in Manila while positioning for takeoff. No one on the plane or ground was injured.
[82]
- On 11 November 2017, a
MyCargo Airlines
Boeing 747-400
freighter operated by
Saudia Cargo
(reg. TC-ACR) as flight SV916 from Maastricht (EHBK) to Jeddah (OEJN) veered off to the right of the runway during the takeoff roll in after a loss of thrust on the #4 engine caused by a
compressor stall
. The pilots did not immediately retard the thrust levers, and more standard procedures weren't followed as the plane swerved due to 'startle effect'.
[83]
[84]
[85]
The aircraft was repaired soon after.
[86]
- On 21 May 2018, an
Onur Air
-leased
Airbus A330-200
(reg TC-OCH), operating as flight 3818 from
Medina
to
Dhaka
, was diverted to
Jeddah
after suffering a malfunction with the nose landing gear. It was forced to make a belly landing. No injuries were reported.
[87]
- On 20 June 2022, a
Boeing 777-368
operating as Flight 862 from Riyadh veered off and got stuck at a taxiway in Manila after landing. All 420 people on board were unharmed.
[88]
[89]
- On 15 April 2023, an
Airbus A330-343
operating as Flight 458 was destroyed while preparing to take off in
Khartoum Airport
during the
2023 Sudan clashes
. The aircraft, registered as HZ-AQ30, was hit by a tracer bullet, causing its hull to burn and its tail section to collapse.
[90]
[91]
Despite the damage, all occupants onboard managed to escape without any injuries
[92]
and were evacuated to the Saudi Embassy in Khartoum.
[93]
Another Saudi plane was a few hundred kilometres away from airport and it did not land. It did a U-turn in order to avoid being shot down.
[94]
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
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.
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Hofmann, Kurt (20 January 2017).
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.
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.
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. Aeroroutes. 27 September 2023.
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.
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Saudia, formerly called Saudi Arabian Airlines, issued a statement saying one of its Airbus A330 jets was "involved in an accident" at the airport before a flight to Riyadh.... the other plane damaged in the shelling was a Ukraine-based SkyUp 737, operating on behalf of airline Sunwing.
- ^
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(
Tweet
) – via
Twitter
.
- ^
?????? ???????? | ?????? ???????? (Media Center | Saudi Arabian Airlines) [@svmedia_center] (15 April 2023).
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.
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