Trirhenium nonachloride

Trirhenium nonachloride
Names
	IUPAC name Rhenium(III) chloride
	Other names Rhenium trichloride
Identifiers
CAS Number	13569-63-6 ;
3D model ( JSmol )	Interactive image ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.033.610
EC Number	236-987-1 ;
PubChem CID	83581 ;
CompTox Dashboard ( EPA )	DTXSID8065537 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/3ClH.Re/h3*1H;/q;;;+3/p-3 ;
	SMILES Cl[Re](Cl)Cl ;
Properties
Chemical formula	ReCl 3
Molar mass	292.57 g/mol
Appearance	red, crystalline, nonvolatile solid
Density	4800 kg/m 3
Melting point	N/A
Boiling point	500 °C (932 °F; 773 K) (decomposes)
Solubility in water	hydrolyzes to form Re 2 O 3 . x H 2 O.
Structure
Crystal structure	Rhombohedral , hR72
Space group	R-3m, No. 166
Molecular shape	( trimeric solid and in solution) ; ( dimeric in acetic acid)
Hazards
	Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Corrosive ( C )
Safety data sheet (SDS)	External MSDS
Related compounds
Other anions	Rhenium tribromide ; Rhenium triiodide
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify ( what is ?) Infobox references

Trirhenium nonachloride is a compound with the formula ReCl ₃, sometimes also written Re ₃Cl ₉. It is a dark red hygroscopic solid that is insoluble in ordinary solvents. The compound is important in the history of inorganic chemistry as an early example of a cluster compound with metal-metal bonds. ^[1] It is used as a starting material for synthesis of other rhenium complexes.

Structure and physical properties [ edit ]

As shown by X-ray crystallography trirhenium nonachloride consists of Re ₃Cl ₁₂ subunits that share three chloride bridges with adjacent clusters. The interconnected network of clusters forms sheets. Around each Re center are seven ligands, four bridging chlorides, one terminal chloride, and two Re-Re bonds. ^[2]

The heat of oxidation is evaluated according to the equation:

1/3 Re ₃Cl ₉ + 4 OH ^? + 2 OCl ^? → ReO ₄^? + 2 H ₂O + 5Cl ^?

The enthalpy for this process is 190.7 ± 0.2 kcal/mol. ^[2]

Preparation and reactions [ edit ]

The compound was discovered in 1932, although these workers did not determine its structure, which is unusual for metal chlorides. ^[3] Trirhenium nonachloride is efficiently prepared by thermal decomposition of rhenium pentachloride or hexachlororhenic(IV) acid: ^[4]

3 ReCl ₅ → Re ₃Cl ₉ + 3 Cl ₂

If the sample is vacuum sublimed at 500 °C, the resulting material is comparatively unreactive, but the partially hydrated material can be more useful synthetically. Other synthetic methods include treating rhenium with sulfuryl chloride . This process is sometimes conducted with the addition of aluminium chloride . ^[2] It is also obtained by heating Re ₂(O ₂CCH ₃) ₄Cl ₂ under HCl:

3/2 Re ₂(O ₂CCH ₃) ₄Cl ₂ + 6 HCl → Re ₃Cl ₉ + 6 HO ₂CCH ₃

Reaction of the tri- and pentachlorides gives rhenium tetrachloride :

3 ReCl ₅ + Re ₃Cl ₉ → 6 ReCl ₄

References [ edit ]

^ Cotton, F. A.; Walton, R. A. "Multiple Bonds Between Metal Atoms" Oxford (Oxford): 1993. ISBN 0-19-855649-7 .
^ ^a ^b ^c Colton, R. Chemistry of rhenium and technetium. 965.
^ Geilnann, W.; Wriuce, F. W.; Biltz. W. : Nachr. Ges. Wiss. Gottingen 1932, 579.
^ Lincoln, R.; Wilkinson, G. (2007). "Trirhenium Nonachloride" . Inorganic Syntheses . Vol. 20. pp. 44 . doi : 10.1002/9780470132517.ch12 . ISBN 978-0-470-13251-7 . {{ cite book }}: |journal= ignored ( help )

[1] Cotton, F. A.; Walton, R. A. "Multiple Bonds Between Metal Atoms" Oxford (Oxford): 1993. ISBN 0-19-855649-7 .

[Colton-2] Colton, R. Chemistry of rhenium and technetium. 965.

[3] Geilnann, W.; Wriuce, F. W.; Biltz. W. : Nachr. Ges. Wiss. Gottingen 1932, 579.

[4] Lincoln, R.; Wilkinson, G. (2007). "Trirhenium Nonachloride" . Inorganic Syntheses . Vol. 20. pp. 44 . doi : 10.1002/9780470132517.ch12 . ISBN 978-0-470-13251-7 . {{ cite book }}: |journal= ignored ( help )

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