Public broadcaster of Slovenia
46°03′15″N
14°30′31.70″E
/
46.05417°N 14.5088056°E
/
46.05417; 14.5088056
Radiotelevizija Slovenija
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The headquarters of RTV Slovenija were built in 1975 upon the plans by Franc Rihtar.
[1]
|
Type
| Broadcast
radio, television and
online
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Country
| Slovenia
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Headquarters
| Kolodvorska ulica 2, 1000
Ljubljana
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Owner
| Government of Slovenia
|
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Key people
|
|
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Launch date
| 1928 (radio)
1958 (television)
2002 (multimedia portal)
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Former names
| Radio-Televizija Ljubljana (until 1990)
|
---|
| Yugoslav Radio Television
(JRT)
|
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Official website
| rtvslo.si
|
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Radiotelevizija Slovenija
(English:
Radio-Television of Slovenia
) ? usually abbreviated to
RTV Slovenija
(or simply
RTV
within Slovenia) ? is
Slovenia
's national
public broadcasting
organization
.
Based in
Ljubljana
, it has regional broadcasting centres in
Koper
and
Maribor
and correspondents around Slovenia, Europe, and the world. RTV Slovenija's national radio services operate under the name
Radio Slovenija
, while the television division carries the name
Televizija Slovenija
or
TV Slovenija
. The names are sometimes
Anglicized
as
Radio Slovenia
and
TV Slovenia
, respectively. There are three national and four regional radio services, which can all be heard online as well. RTV Slovenija also finances the
RTV Slovenia Symphony Orchestra
and the
RTV Slovenia Big Band
.
The legal foundation for the institution is the
Radiotelevizija Slovenija Act
(
Slovene
:
Zakon o Radioteleviziji Slovenija
). It is the only public nonprofit broadcasting organization in Slovenia to operate both radio and television stations. The law also requires it to air radio and television services for the country's two indigenous linguistic minorities, which it does in collaboration with the regional broadcasting centres in
Maribor
(for the
Hungarian
-speaking minority) and in
Koper
(for the Italian-speaking minority). Approximately 73% of RTV Slovenija's funding comes from
television licence
fees.
[2]
History
[
edit
]
Radio Ljubljana signed on the air for the first time on September 1, 1928, with experimental broadcasts. By October 28 the radio station already had a scheduled programme. On April 11, 1941, the station's
transmitter
in
Dom?ale
was destroyed and the station was occupied by Italy.
On April 1, 1949, the first TV laboratory was established in Ljubljana, but was separate from the radio station. However, the task of setting up a television service was eventually assigned to Radio Ljubljana. Second radio program started in 1951. On November 11, 1958, the TV channel got a regular schedule, but it was shared by other
Yugoslav
republics, with TV Ljubljana getting around 30% of airtime. TV Ljubljana produced its first broadcast for
Eurovision
, showing
ski jumping
in
Planica
, in 1960. During that decade, the amount of programming produced exclusively for Slovenian audiences increased substantially. On April 15, 1968, the main evening newscast was broadcast in Slovene for the first time. It had previously originated in
Belgrade
and was produced in
Serbo-Croatian
.
In 1970, the
RTV Slovenia record label
was established. In 1971, TV Koper/Capodistria, a subsidiary of RTV Ljubljana, was launched as the first bilingual TV station in Slovenia, serving the Italian community in Slovenia and
Croatia
. However, it enjoyed huge popularity in many parts of Italy. There,
RAI
still had a monopoly on television, so many Italians eagerly tuned into the new Yugoslav station, which broadcast mostly in color. Private companies built
transmitters
and
translators
in various parts of Italy that made TV Koper-Capodistria (generally known as "Telecapodistria" in Italy) available to millions of Italians. Because the station used the
PAL
color standard, Italians bought
PAL
TV sets in large numbers, ending the hopes of the French government that Italy might adopt its
SECAM
system instead. With the advent of privately owned, purely
commercial television
in Italy, the station's popularity eventually began to diminish.
Starting from 1974, TV Ljubljana's main service was also gradually converted to color. In 1981, they aired the children's television series
40 Green Elephants
. In 1984,
teletext
was introduced, whereas the digitalization started in 1986. In the 90s, Radio Ljubljana started transmitting an
RDS
signal.
At first, TV Ljubljana's second television network primarily relayed programs from other Yugoslav television stations. In the late 1980s, however, the percentage of TV Ljubljana's own programs on the second network increased dramatically.
In the year when Slovenia became independent in 1991, the institution was renamed to
Radiotelevizija Slovenija
(from RTV Ljubljana). On January 1, 1993, RTV Slovenija was admitted as a full active member of the
European Broadcasting Union
following the collapse of Yugoslavia, and began participation in the
Eurovision Song Contest
.
In the mid- to late 1990s, TV Slovenia began to face increased competition from Slovenia's
commercial television stations
. In 1995, RTV Slovenija published its first web page. Radio digitalization started in 1995, whereas the digitalization of television broadcasting started in 1999.
In 1997, satellite broadcasting started via
Hot Bird 3
. In 2001, RTV Slovenija's Multimedia Centre was established to help introduce new technologies. A new multimedia
web portal
was introduced in 2002. This portal includes regular news updates, broadcast archives, and the live transmission on line of most services, both radio and television.
RSS feeds
were introduced in 2005. The
public broadcaster referendum, 2005
was approved by a slight majority of voters, but the referendum saw a very low turnout. On November 12, 2005, a law was passed stating that Radio-television Slovenia is "a public institution of special cultural and national importance..."
[3]
In May 2008 TV Slovenia began airing a new TV channel, TV Slovenija 3, dedicated primarily to live Parliament coverage. In August 2008 TV Slovenia broadcast their first
HD
event ?
Olympic Games 2008
on test DVB-T channel. The
Slovenian public broadcaster law referendum, 2010
was rejected by voters. In 2011, analogue signal was abandoned.
[4]
[5]
Legal framework
[
edit
]
The 1994 Law on RTV Slovenia regulates public broadcasting.
RTV Slovenia
has a Programming Council and a supervisory board; RTV is required by law to be independent and autonomous, to respect human integrity and dignity in its programs, to observe the principle of impartiality, and to ensure the truthfulness of information and the pluralism of opinions and religious beliefs. The law also requires the public broadcaster to provide radio and TV programs for the
Italian
and
Hungarian
minorities in Slovenia
.
[6]
After EU accession, the new 2005 Law on RTV Slovenia reintroduced a dominant role of the state and the executive in the appointment of RTV's governing bodies, excluding civil society institutions (e.g. universities, association of writers, and sports organisations) which were previously involved. The draft law raised several domestic and international criticisms, including from the
International Federation of Journalists
and the
Council of Europe
, but the Slovenian institutions dismissed most of them
[7]
and went along with adopting the new law in November 2005, which was later narrowly confirmed by 50.7% of voters in a
special referendum
.
[6]
The current governance system
[
obsolete source
]
of RTV Slovenia allows control over almost all managerial bodies and over the appointment of all key editors to the governmental majority. Majority parties also control the majority of the new Programming Council and supervisory board of RTVS
[
obsolete source
]
, thus being also able to appoint RTVS' Director General
[
obsolete source
]
, who will in turn appoint and manage the directors of radio and TV, the editors-in-chief, and the senior management. This governance system is deemed a threat to the independence and credibility, trust, and respect with the public of RTV Slovenia by the
European Journalism Centre
.
[6]
The following period indeed saw a host of cases of political interference in the editorial and journalistic work of the Slovenian public broadcaster, whose public credibility (particularly for the TV) fell dramatically.
The
Varuh pravic poslu?alcev in gledalcev
("Listener and Viewer
Ombudsman
") of
RTV Slovenia
was appointed for the first time in 2008, according to art.16 of the RTV Slovenia Law, to "address the comments and suggestions of viewers and listeners" and "give instructions to the director-general regarding changes that must be effected on channels."
[6]
Radio services
[
edit
]
National
[
edit
]
RTV Slovenija's national radio networks are based in Ljubljana and broadcast in Slovene. They can be heard throughout Slovenia.
-
Prvi logo (2015)
-
ARS logo (2015)
Regional
[
edit
]
RTV Slovenija's regional radio stations are based in regional RTV centres, and broadcast in Slovenian and/or the languages of the indigenous minorities in the area. They can be heard only in their own regions.
The stations are:
- Radio Koper
(in Slovenian, based in Koper, received in the
Slovenian Littoral
)
- Radio Capodistria
(in Italian, based in Koper, received in
Friuli-Venezia Giulia
, Slovenian Littoral, and
Istria
)
- Radio Maribor
[
sl
]
(in Slovenian, based in Maribor, received in Northeastern Slovenia)
- Pomurski mad?arski radio
[
sl
]
(
Hungarian
:
Muravideki Magyar Radio
, MMR): broadcasting in Hungarian with Hungarian folk and mostly pop music, based in RTV Maribor's
Lendava
studio (received in
Prekmurje
)
Other
[
edit
]
Other radio services:
- Radio Slovenia International
(RSi); broadcast in English and German, based in Maribor, heard in various places around Slovenia and southeastern Austria; for
expatriates
, tourists, English-speaking Slovenians, and foreigners
Television services
[
edit
]
RTV Slovenija operates three national and two regional television services. All except Tele M can be watched online.
National
[
edit
]
RTV Slovenija's national television networks can be watched all over Slovenia and are based in Ljubljana. They are broadcast in Slovenian.
- TV SLO 1
[
sl
]
: A general-interest television service with newscasts, feature films, documentaries, talk shows, series, children's programming, variety shows, and live coverage of significant national events.
- TV SLO 2
[
sl
]
: A more specialized service with programs generally aimed at narrower audiences, sitcoms, a wide range of commercials interrupted by live sports coverage, but virtually no news.
- TV SLO 3
[
sl
]
: Specialized service dedicated to airing full unedited proceedings of the Slovenian Parliament and Committees live, it also features documentaries, interviews and news.
- Television logos since 2012
-
TV SLO 1
-
TV SLO 2
-
TV SLO 3
Regional
[
edit
]
Each of the regional RTV centres has its own television facilities. While TV Koper/Capodistria is bilingual (Italian and Slovenian), the Hungarian public has no regional station, but has regular broadcasts on TV Slovenija 1.
The regional stations are:
Presentation history
[
edit
]
RTV SLO's official logo is
Boy with a Flute
and name in two versions: a longer "RADIOTELEVIZIJA SLOVENIJA" or a shorter "RTV SLO".
Clocks
[
edit
]
Clocks on TV Slovenija were introduced in 1959.
The previous clock was used from January 8, 2007, until April 23, 2012. The clock was white on a blue background, next to the clock is an advert. (Was changed slightly in 2009, where the name "TELEVIZIJA SLOVENIJA" was moved from beside the clock to the clock's face and changing tip seconds from white to red.)
The current clock is used from April 23, 2012. The clock is white, on the bottom of the clock is the RTVSLO logo, an advert is next to the clock.
Test cards
[
edit
]
The test card TV Slovenija is
PM5544
, introduced in the 1970s. Nowadays test cards are rarely broadcast.
- 1970s to 1980s: PM5544 with upper text "JRT" and lower text "RTV-LJNA".
- 1980s to September 1990: The testcard has again been modified, where updated upper text to "RTV-1" or "RTV-2" & lower text to "LJUBLJANA".
- Since September 1990: Modified testcard. Upper text is "TV", lower text is "SLOVENIJA".
Closing and opening times
[
edit
]
SLO1
[
edit
]
- 1960s to 1980s: opens at 11:30 and close at 22:30, along with other stations of the
Yugoslav Radio Television
broadcast system
- 1980s to June 23, 1991: opens at 08:00 and close at 23:00, along with other stations of the
Yugoslav Radio Television
broadcast system
- 24 June 1991 ? 1994: opens at 08:00 and close at 00:00
- 1994?1997: opens at 06:00 and close at 00:30
- 1998?2000: opens at 05:30 and close at 01:00
- 2000?2002: opens at 05:00 and close at 01:30
- 2002?present: 24-hour
SLO2
[
edit
]
- 1970s to June 1991: opens at 18:00 and close at 22:00, along with other Yugoslavian channel 2's
- September 1990 ? 1995: opens at 11:00 and close at 23:00
- 1995?2000: opens at 09:30 and close at 00:00
- 2000?2004: opens at 06:00 and close at 01:00
- 2004?present: 24-hour
SLO3
[
edit
]
- 2008?2009: opens at 08:00 and close at 00:00
- 2009?present:
24/7
SLO1 Dnevnik
[
edit
]
Dnevnik Televizije Slovenija is a daily news show.
- 1960s to 1980s: starts at 20:00; ends at 20:15
- 1980s to 2003: starts at 19:30: ends at 20:00
- 2003?present: starts at 19:00; ends at 20:00
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
"RTV SLOVENIA"
.
Open Houses Slovenia
. Retrieved
January 3,
2023
.
- ^
Open Society Foundations (February 4, 2016).
"Open Society Foundations (OSF)"
(PDF)
. Eumap.org
. Retrieved
February 15,
2016
.
- ^
"Introduction :: Prvi interaktivni multimedijski portal, MMC RTV Slovenija"
. Rtvslo.si. November 12, 2005
. Retrieved
February 15,
2016
.
- ^
(in Slovene)
http://dk.fdv.uni-lj.si/diplomska/pdfs/oblak-sara.pdf
- ^
(in Slovene)
http://www.rtvslo.si/strani/zgodovina-rtv-slovenija/14
- ^
a
b
c
d
Marko Milosavljevi? and Igor Vobi?,
Slovenia #National Media Policies
, EJC Press Landscapes (
c.
2009
)
- ^
the Slovenian government refused to accept any important changes, refused the opinion of the Council of Europe as "legally incorrect, wrong and politologically missed from the start", while Karol Jakubowicz, the chairman of the Steering Committee on the Media and New Communications Services of the Council of Europe, who said that the draft law is "a catastrophe", was labeled by Slovenian Ministry for Culture as "a third-rate public servant from Poland".
- ^
For years the most listened (Slovenian) radio stations
(In Slovene: "?e leta najbolj poslu?ana Val 202 in Prvi program Radia Slovenija"), Dnevnik, 17. July 2010
External links
[
edit
]
Media related to
Radiotelevizija Slovenija
at Wikimedia Commons
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Active
members
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Associate
members
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Approved
participants
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International
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National
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Geographic
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