Djoumbe Fatima

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Djoumbe Fatima
Photograph of Djoumbe Fatima taken in Paris in 1868
Sultan of Moheli (Mwali)
Reign 1842–1865
1874–1878
Coronation 26 May 1849, Fomboni
Predecessor Ramanetaka
Muhammad bin Saidi Hamadi Makadara
Successor Muhammad bin Saidi Hamadi Makadara
Abderremane bin Saidi Hamadi Makadara
Born 1836/37
Ouallah , Moheli
Died 1878  ( 1879 ) (aged 41)
Consort Said Muhammad bin Nasser Makadara
Issue
Dynasty Merina
Father Ramanetaka
Mother Ravao

Djoumbe Fatima (c. 1837?1878), also known as Djoumbe Soudi or Queen Jumbe-Souli , was the Sultana of Moheli in Comoros from 1842 to 1865 and 1874 to her death in 1878.

Early life [ edit ]

Jumbe-Souli inherited the throne of the island of Moheli (Mwali) after the death of her father, King Ramanateka, also known as Sultan Abderahmane. Ramanateka was a Malagasy prince who ran away from Madagascar after the death of King Radama I . [1] She was also a cousin of King Radama II . She had a sister, Jumbe-Salama, who died young. [2]

Her mother was Merina of Madagascar . Her father, General Ramanataka , was brother-in-law to Radama I , King of Madagascar. He died in 1842 and Djoumbe ascended to the throne. Her mother, Ravao, ruled as regent for a time and married her husband's former adviser, Tsivandini, in 1843. He became Djoumbe's tutor and started making arrangements for her marriage to the sultan of Zanzibar. [3]

Reign [ edit ]

When the missionary David Griffiths returned to Moheli in 1841, expecting to meet her father he in fact found his young daughter Jumbe-Souli on the throne. [4] Jumbe-Souli, like the majority of people on the island was Muslim and did not convert to Christianity.

Queen Jumbe-Souli receiving a French delegation in 1863

Ravao and Tsivandini divorced in 1846. Mayotte had recently been ceded to France, and the French, eager to develop their presence on Moheli, arranged for a Madame Droit to serve as governess for Djoumbe. [5] The French also arranged for her coronation at the age of 12, in 1849. Two years later she expelled the governess and married Said Mohammed Nasser M'Kadar, who was cousin to Zanzibar's sultan. M'Kadar became prince consort and ruled with Fatima until 1860, when he was ousted by the French. Fatima held on to the throne, marrying two sultans. She renounced the throne for her son. [3]

In 1863, the French government sent a delegation to meet with Queen Jumbe-Souli and the event was recorded by a visiting photographer Desire Charnay . [6] He recorded that she seemed "melancholy and sickly" and had a number of attendants. [7] She was dressed extremely finely in a "robe of rich Turkish tissue of silk and gold". Her dress covered most of her face, with only her hand visible. [8] The purpose of the visit had been to impress upon the young queen the advantages of becoming a French colony; she resisted. [2] Jumbe-Souli lived in the palace, overlooking the sea, next to which was the garrison - a white building of two rooms, which held 28 soldiers. [2]

When the French returned in 1871, she was restored to the throne and ruled until her death in 1878. [3]

Children [ edit ]

References [ edit ]

  1. ^ "Five African queens you did not know existed - Page 3 of 6" . Face2Face Africa . 2018-09-01 . Retrieved 2019-12-04 .
  2. ^ a b c CHARNAY, DESIRE (1862). MADAGASCAR VOL D'OISEAU . p. 67.
  3. ^ a b c Sheldon, Kathleen (2005). "Djoumbe Fatima (1837?1878)" . Historical Dictionary of Women in Sub-Saharan Africa . Lanham (Maryland): Scarecrow Press. p. 63. ISBN   978-0-8108-5331-7 .
  4. ^ Campbell, Gwyn (2012-04-03). David Griffiths and the Missionary "History of Madagascar" . BRILL. p. 112. ISBN   978-90-04-19518-9 .
  5. ^ Ottenheimer, Martin; Ottenheimer, Harriet (1994). Historical Dictionary of the Comoro Islands . Metuchen, NJ [u.a.]: Scarecrow Press. p. 61. ISBN   978-0-8108-2819-3 .
  6. ^ "La Reine de Mohely | The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston" . www.mfah.org . Retrieved 2019-12-04 .
  7. ^ "BnF - Tresors photographiques de la Societe de geographie" . expositions.bnf.fr . Retrieved 2019-12-04 .
  8. ^ Campbell, Gwyn (2012-04-03). David Griffiths and the Missionary "History of Madagascar" . BRILL. p. 729. ISBN   978-90-04-19518-9 .
  9. ^ Mwali Archived October 27, 2014, at the Wayback Machine (Access date: 27 October 2014)

Further reading [ edit ]

  • Ibrahime, Mahmoud (2001) "Djoumbe Fatima: Une reine comorienne face aux visees coloniales de la marine francaise." Tarehi - Revue d'Histoire et d'Archeologie 2, 10?17.
  • Grosdidier, Christophe: Djoumbe Fatima, reine de Moheli , L'Harmattan, Paris, 2004. ISBN   978-2-7475-6953-8
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Djoumbe Soudi, Queen of Moheli .
Djoumbe Fatima
Born: 1837   Died: 1878
Regnal titles
Preceded by Queen (Sultan) of Moheli (Mwali)
1842–1865
1874–1878 		Succeeded by
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