From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Family of birds
Psittaculidae
is a family of
parrots
, commonly known as
Old World parrots
, though this term is a
misnomer
, as not all its members occur in the
Old World
and some
psittacids
also occur in the Old World. It consists of six subfamilies:
Psittrichasinae
,
Agapornithinae
,
Loriinae
,
Platycercinae
,
Psittacellinae
and
Psittaculinae
.
Taxonomy
[
edit
]
The following cladogram shows how the family Psittaculidae relates to the three other families in the order
Psittaciformes
. The tree is based on the work by Leo Joseph and collaborators published in 2012 but with the choice of families and the number of species in each family taken from the list maintained by
Frank Gill
,
Pamela Rasmussen
and David Donsker on behalf of the International Ornithological Committee (IOC), now the
International Ornithologists' Union
.
[1]
[2]
Joseph and collaborators proposed that the genera
Psittrichas
and
Coracopsis
should be placed in their own family, Psittrichasidae.
[1]
This proposal has not been adopted by taxonomists involved in curating lists of the world birds and instead these two genera are included in an expanded family Psittaculidae.
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
The family Psittaculidae contains 203 species and is divided into 54 genera. Included are 13 species that have become extinct in historical times.
[2]
The following
cladogram
showing the generic relationships is based on a molecular phylogenetic study by Brian Smith and collaborators that was published in 2023. In the analysis two pairs of genera were found not to be
monophyletic
. These were
Psittacula
with
Tanygnathus
and
Cyclopsitta
with
Psittaculirostris
.
[6]
The number of species in each genus is taken from the IOC list.
[2]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
a
b
Joseph, L.; Toon, A.; Schirtzinger, E.E.; Wright, T.F.; Schodde, R. (2012). "A revised nomenclature and classification for family-group taxa of parrots (Psittaciformes)".
Zootaxa
.
3205
(1): 26?40.
doi
:
10.11646/zootaxa.3205.1.2
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
Gill, Frank
; Donsker, David;
Rasmussen, Pamela
, eds. (July 2023).
"Parrots, cockatoos"
.
IOC World Bird List Version 13.2
. International Ornithologists' Union
. Retrieved
22 September
2023
.
- ^
Dickinson, E.C.
;
Remsen, J.V. Jr.
, eds. (2013).
The Howard & Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World
. Vol. 1: Non-passerines (4th ed.). Eastbourne, UK: Aves Press. pp. 369?370.
ISBN
978-0-9568611-0-8
.
- ^
Clements, J.F.; Schulenberg, T.S.; Iliff, M.J.; Fredericks, T.A.; Gerbracht, J.A.; Lepage, D.; Billerman, S.M.; Sullivan, B.L.; Wood, C.L. (2022).
"The eBird/Clements Checklist of Birds of the World: v2022"
. Retrieved
18 June
2023
.
- ^
"HBW and BirdLife Taxonomic Checklist v7"
. Birdlife International
. Retrieved
18 June
2023
.
- ^
Smith, B.T.; Merwin, J.; Provost, K.L.; Thom, G.; Brumfield, R.T.; Ferreira, M.; Mauck, W.M.I.; Moyle, R.G.; Wright, T.F.; Joseph, L. (2023).
"Phylogenomic analysis of the parrots of the world distinguishes artifactual from biological sources of gene tree discordance"
.
Systematic Biology
.
72
(1): 228?241.
doi
:
10.1093/sysbio/syac055
.