Psalter Pahlavi

Psalter Pahlavi
Psalter Pahlavi ;
	Sample of text taken from the Cross of Herat
Script type	Abjad
Time period	Mid-6th to 7th century CE
Direction	Right-to-left script
Languages	Middle Persian
Related scripts
Parent systems	Aramaic alphabet Pahlavi scripts Psalter Pahlavi ; ;
ISO 15924
ISO 15924	Phlp (132) , Psalter Pahlavi
Unicode
Unicode alias	Psalter Pahlavi
Unicode range	U+10B80–U+10BAF

You may need rendering support to display the uncommon Unicode characters in this article correctly.

Psalter Pahlavi is a cursive abjad that was used for writing Middle Persian on paper; it is thus described as one of the Pahlavi scripts . ^[1] It was written right to left, usually with spaces between words. ^[1]

It takes its name from the Pahlavi Psalter , part of the Psalms translated from Syriac to Middle Persian and found in what is now western China. ^[2]

Letters [ edit ]

Letters (Isolated Form)
Name ^[a]	Text	IPA ^[3]
Aleph	??	/a/, /aː/
Beth	??	/b/, /w/
Gimel	??	/g/, /j/
Daleth	??	/d/, /j/
He	??	/h/
Waw-Ayin-Resh	??	/w/, /r/
Zayin	??	/z/
Heth	??	/h/, /x/
Yodh	??	/j/, /??/, /??/, /d??/
Kaph	??	/k/, /g/
Lamedh	??	/l/, /r/
Mem-Qoph	??	/m/, /q/
Nun	??	/n/
Samekh	??	/s/, /h/
Pe	??	/p/, /b/, /f/
Sadhe	??	/t??/, /d??/, /z/
Shin	??	/?/
Taw	??	/t/, /d/

Punctuation [ edit ]

Four different large section-ending punctuation marks were used:

Mark		Description
Image	Text	Description
	??	Section mark
	??	Turned section mark
	??	Four dots with cross
	??	Four dots with dot

Numbers [ edit ]

Psalter Pahlavi had its own numerals :

Value		1	2	3	4	10	20	100
Sign	Image
Sign	Text	??	??	??	??	??	??	??

Some numerals have joining behavior (with both numerals and letters). ^[1] Numbers are written right-to-left. Numbers without corresponding numerals are additive. For example, 96 is written as ?????????????? ‎ (20 + 20 + 20 + 20 + 10 + 3 + 3). ^[1]

Unicode block [ edit ]

Psalter Pahlavi script was added to the Unicode Standard in June, 2014 with the release of version 7.0.

The Unicode block is U+10B80–U+10BAF:

Psalter Pahlavi ^[1]^[2] Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)
	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	A	B	C	D	E	F
U+10B8x	𐮀 ‎	𐮁 ‎	𐮂 ‎	𐮃 ‎	𐮄 ‎	𐮅 ‎	𐮆 ‎	𐮇 ‎	𐮈 ‎	𐮉 ‎	𐮊 ‎	𐮋 ‎	𐮌 ‎	𐮍 ‎	𐮎 ‎	𐮏 ‎
U+10B9x	𐮐 ‎	𐮑 ‎								𐮙 ‎	𐮚 ‎	𐮛 ‎	𐮜 ‎
U+10BAx										𐮩 ‎	𐮪 ‎	𐮫 ‎	𐮬 ‎	𐮭 ‎	𐮮 ‎	𐮯 ‎
Notes 1. ^ As of Unicode version 15.1 2. ^ Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points

Notes [ edit ]

^ The names are based on the corresponding Imperial Aramaic characters

References [ edit ]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Everson, Michael ; Pournader, Roozbeh (2011-05-06). "N4040: Proposal for encoding the Psalter Pahlavi script in the SMP of the UCS" (PDF) . Working Group Document, ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2.
^ Encyclopædia Iranica: Pahlavi Psalter
^ Daniels, Peter T. ; Bright, William , eds. (1996). The World's Writing Systems . Oxford University Press, Inc. pp. 518 . ISBN 978-0195079937 .

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[3] The names are based on the corresponding Imperial Aramaic characters

[N4040-1] Everson, Michael ; Pournader, Roozbeh (2011-05-06). "N4040: Proposal for encoding the Psalter Pahlavi script in the SMP of the UCS" (PDF) . Working Group Document, ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2.

[2] Encyclopædia Iranica: Pahlavi Psalter

[WWS-4] Daniels, Peter T. ; Bright, William , eds. (1996). The World's Writing Systems . Oxford University Press, Inc. pp. 518 . ISBN 978-0195079937 .

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