British rock band
Procol Harum
|
---|
Procol Harum in 2001
|
|
Also known as
| The Pinewoods (1967), Liquorice John Death (1970)
|
---|
Origin
| Southend-on-Sea
,
Essex
, England
|
---|
Genres
| |
---|
Years active
| 1967
(
1967
)
?1977
(
1977
)
, 1991
(
1991
)
?2022
(
2022
)
|
---|
Labels
| |
---|
|
Past members
| |
---|
Procol Harum
(
) were an English
rock
band formed in
Southend-on-Sea
, Essex, in 1967. Their best-known recording is the 1967 hit single "
A Whiter Shade of Pale
", one of the few singles to have sold more than
10 million
copies.
[4]
Although noted for their
baroque
and
classical
influence, Procol Harum's music is described as psychedelic rock and proto-prog with hints of the
blues
,
R&B
, and
soul
.
In 2018, the band was honoured by the
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
when "A Whiter Shade of Pale" was inducted into the new Singles category.
[5]
[6]
History
[
edit
]
Formation
[
edit
]
In 1966, after
Southend-on-Sea
-based group
The Paramounts
were unable to generate any follow-up success with their UK top 40 single "
Poison Ivy
", the group disbanded.
[7]
[8]
Their frontman
Gary Brooker
decided to retire from performing and focus on songwriting, and his old friend
Guy Stevens
introduced him to lyricist
Keith Reid
.
[9]
In April 1967, after several months writing together while failing to find any artists interested in performing their songs, Brooker and Reid decided to form their own band which would use their songs as their sole material.
[9]
Brooker, in addition to vocals and the piano, was also proficient on the organ, trombone, cornet, piano accordion and Bengal flute.
[10]
Paramounts drummer
Barrie "B. J." Wilson
agreed to stay on and rehearse for the new group and auditions brought them bassist David Knights and two members of George Bean and the Runners, Richard Brown (guitar) and Alan Morris (organ). But the lack of gigs and money led to the dispersal of this grouping before they even got out of the rehearsal hall, with only Knights staying on.
[11]
They next teamed with organist
Matthew Fisher
, who had left
Screaming Lord Sutch
's backing group The Savages and advertised for work. Reid said he was right for Procol Harum just from talking to him and decided before hearing him play.
[12]
Guitarist Ray Royer was chosen after the group placed an advertisement for players and were inundated, so the band "really grilled the applicants" to find "someone with the right state of mind."
[12]
Reid said bassist David Knights had also been chosen in a similar manner to Fisher, in that he was right for the group "as a person", and had an original playing style.
[12]
Drummer
Bobby Harrison
completed the line-up, after the group had tried out up to nine drummers by this point. Reid said Harrison was the first that the band "could really work with", and had a sense of humour that helped balance out the more serious personality that Reid and the rest of the band had.
[12]
The band chose Stevens as their manager.
The group named themselves after a male
blue Burmese cat
, which had been bred by Eleonore Vogt-Chapman and belonged to Liz Coombes, a friend.
[14]
Stevens suggested the group name themselves after the cat, which the group immediately accepted.
[15]
However, the cat's
pedigree name
was in fact Procul Harun, the Procul being the breeder's prefix,
[16]
but the name was taken down over the telephone, leading to a misspelling.
[17]
Although people informed the band that the name is
Latin
for "beyond these things",
[10]
this is incorrect as the correct term would be
procul h?s
.
[18]
"A Whiter Shade of Pale" and debut album (1967?1968)
[
edit
]
In April 1967 the group entered
Olympic Studios
in London to record their debut single, "
A Whiter Shade of Pale
". They were joined by session drummer
Bill Eyden
in place of Harrison (though Harrison did play on the B-side "Lime Street Blues"), producer
Denny Cordell
and sound engineer Keith Grant. With a structure reminiscent of
Baroque music
, the song features a
countermelody
based on
J. S. Bach
's
Orchestral Suite No. 3 in D Major
played by Fisher's
Hammond organ
. An enthusiastic response from listeners of the
pirate radio
station
Radio London
prompted
Deram Records
to rush-release the single for 12 May 1967.
[19]
It was an instant worldwide success, reaching No. 1 on the
UK Singles Chart
for six weeks and the same spot in eleven countries. In three weeks, it became the fastest selling record by a new group.
[12]
In the US, it peaked at No. 5 and the song has since sold over 10 million copies worldwide.
Around the same time, Cordell suggested that Jonathan Weston be brought in to co-manage the band with Stevens.
[19]
Procol Harum played their first live gig at London's
Speakeasy
club on the day "A Whiter Shade of Pale" was released. They performed a set of mostly Brooker/Reid songs mixed with covers of
Bob Dylan
,
The Rascals
and
Tim Rose
tunes.
Jimi Hendrix
was an early vocal supporter of the band and attended their first show where, at the start of their performance of Rose's "
Morning Dew
", he went on stage, took Knights' bass and joined in.
[20]
After 18 June, the group would not play live in the UK until the following year.
[21]
[22]
On 15 July 1967 the group announced the departure of Royer and Harrison and their split from Weston as manager. Fisher later said that the major issue for the split with Weston was when he organised an extensive UK tour for Procol Harum too soon after the release of "A Whiter Shade of Pale", resulting in the group performing "for £60 per night instead of £500."
[19]
Following the addition of guitarist
Robin Trower
and the return of B. J. Wilson, the band secured new management under
Tony Secunda
.
[23]
The departures brought about what Brooker described as "great lawsuits and expense" from Royer, Harrison, and Weston, and initial session drummer Eyden filed his own suit.
[19]
Roughly three months into their partnership with Secunda, the band hired two Americans, Bennett Glotzer and Ronnie Lyons, to manage them in the US.
The group's follow-up single, "
Homburg
", was released in September 1967. The song reached No. 6 in the UK and No. 34 in the US. In the same month their debut album,
Procol Harum
, recorded between the two hit singles, was released in the US. Brooker said its release soon after the singles put the band in good stead in the US, but the problems created by the line-up changes, subsequent lawsuits and new management delayed its release in the UK until December. Brooker said it was at this point where the band "had lost the British audience."
[24]
Follow-up albums and break-up (1968?1977)
[
edit
]
The band's follow-up album,
Shine on Brightly
was released the following year and saw a greater excursion into
progressive rock
stylings. It reached number 24 in the US but failed to chart in the UK. Finding themselves labelled as
one-hit wonders
in their home country, while in the US their reputation as a live act only continued to improve, for the next several years Procol Harum spent most of their time touring America.
[25]
[26]
Their third album,
A Salty Dog
(1969), was popular among fans and their first album to sell well in the UK. The title track in particular gained a good deal of US
FM radio
airplay
, and the album is now considered a rock classic, appealing to fans of
The Beatles
,
The Moody Blues
and
Pink Floyd
. Procol Harum were asked to perform at the
Woodstock Festival
in August 1969, but were unable after Trower's wife was expecting a baby and needed to return to England.
[27]
Later in 1969, Fisher left the band and was replaced by
Chris Copping
, another former member of The Paramounts, who played organ and bass.
[27]
The group appeared at the
1970 Isle of Wight Festival
.
[28]
By 1971, the disparities in style had become too great and, after the release of their fifth album
Broken Barricades
, Trower left to form his own
power trio
. He was replaced by
Dave Ball
,
[8]
while
Alan Cartwright
(a former bandmate of Wilson's in
Freddie Mack
's band) took over bass from Copping, who remained on organ.
[29]
In mid-1971, Procol Harum severed ties with Glotzer and Lyons and legally fought an accounting dispute which was settled out of court.
[24]
The band went on to sign with
Chrysalis Records
and completed a successful UK tour opening for
Jethro Tull
.
[26]
During the band's 1971 tour, Procol Harum recorded their show on 18 November in
Edmonton, Alberta
with the
Edmonton Symphony Orchestra
and a choir for a live album. Released in April 1972,
Procol Harum Live: In Concert with the Edmonton Symphony Orchestra
was met with commercial success when it peaked at No. 5 in the US, where it was certified gold for selling 500,000 copies. In the UK, it peaked at No. 48. The live rendition of "
Conquistador
" from their debut album reached No. 16 in the US and No. 22 in the UK.
After Dave Ball left, Mick Grabham was the group's guitarist from 1972 until 1977.
The band continued with their new
symphonic rock
sound on their follow-up,
Grand Hotel
. Released in March 1973, the album reached No. 21 in the US.
[8]
It did not chart in the UK, but it was certified silver for selling over 60,000 copies there.
The band returned to its hard rock roots with their seventh studio album
Exotic Birds and Fruit
, released in April 1974. Reid said the group made a conscious attempt to "dispel that symphonic image" that they had been attached to and has a similar sound to their debut. The album's sleeve was absent of lyrics in the liner notes.
[30]
In 1975 Procol Harum played the final night at the
Rainbow Theatre
in London before its refurbishment.
[31]
The personnel changes contributed to declining sales in the later part of the 1970s, with "Pandora's Box" being the final UK
Top 20
hit in 1975.
[8]
Its parent album
Procol's Ninth
saw a re-connection with Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller, who both produced and wrote with the band.
In 1976 the band regrouped to record their final album of the 1970s,
Something Magic
. This marked the departure of Cartwright, after Brooker thought Copping was a better bassist which led to the arrival of newcomer
Pete Solley
on keyboards. The album's producers were not impressed with the group's material, which took the form of "The Worm and the Tree", an extended track that originated from a theme of Brooker's that the band had attempted some years before, but the group "made it up as we went along" in the studio.
Something Magic
was released in March 1977 and peaked at No. 147 in the US.
[31]
During the subsequent tour, the band celebrated their tenth anniversary with a concert at the
Palladium Theatre
in New York City in May.
[30]
In April 1977, during the promotional tour for
Something Magic
, Copping joined
Frankie Miller
's band and was replaced in Procol Harum by
Elton John
's former bassist
Dee Murray
.
[33]
The tour ended in May, and the following month Grabham announced that he had left the band, claiming that he had been "generally dissatisfied with my role ... for some months".
[34]
The band played one final show in October when "A Whiter Shade of Pale" co-won the
Single of the Year
award at the
1977 Brit Awards
, with Brooker, Wilson and returning members Cartwright and Copping joined by guitarist
Tim Renwick
.
[33]
Reformation and the 1990s
[
edit
]
After Reid and Brooker teamed up to write once again in late 1989, the band reformed in 1991, with Brooker, Fisher, Trower and Reid (Wilson had died in 1990 after three years in a
persistent vegetative state
following a drug overdose) and released
The Prodigal Stranger
, but sales were modest.
[31]
After the album's release, a new incarnation of the band, with Brooker and Fisher but not Trower, toured the US and the world for a few years in the first half of the 1990s.
Tim Renwick
took over on guitar, with Dave Bronze on bass and
Mark Brzezicki
on drums.
[8]
Renwick was replaced later in the year by
Geoff Whitehorn
.
[35]
After a tour which spawned
One More Time: Live in Utrecht 1992
, Fisher briefly stepped away from the band to focus on studying for a degree, with
Don Snow
temporarily taking over for a summer tour.
[36]
Laurence Cottle
substituted for Bronze, who was performing with
the Hamsters
, at a show in August.
[37]
After nearly a year of inactivity, Procol Harum performed a handful of shows in May and June 1993, with former
Diamond Head
keyboardist
Josh Phillips
filling in for Fisher and former
King Crimson
drummer
Ian Wallace
in place of Brzezicki, who had rejoined
Big Country
.
[38]
Fisher returned for shows starting in July,
[38]
and
Matt Pegg
replaced Bronze the following month.
[39]
Touring continued sporadically throughout the rest of the decade ?
Graham Broad
performed drums for a run of shows in July and August 1995,
[40]
and
Henry Spinetti
took over for shows in 1996.
[41]
In August 1995 Procol Harum played at the
Cropredy Music Festival
, as guests of
Fairport Convention
. They also toured US and UK the same year, performing at several locations.
[42]
In July 1997 fans arranged the celebration of the 30th anniversary of the success of "A Whiter Shade of Pale" and invited the then-inactive band to play a concert at
Redhill
,
Surrey
. The band played a one-off show in celebration of the 30th anniversary of "A Whiter Shade of Pale", with the regular lineup joined on several songs by former members
Mick Grabham
,
Peter Solley
,
Alan Cartwright
, Dave Bronze and
Chris Copping
.
[43]
In late 1999, Brooker promised that "Procol will play in 2000", and in September the band played an open-air gig with the New London Sinfonia in
Guildford
.
2000s
[
edit
]
In 2000 Procol Harum received some attention after the song "In Held Twas in I" appeared on the band
Transatlantic's
debut album.
Since 2001 the band, comprising Brooker, Fisher,
Geoff Whitehorn
(guitar),
Matt Pegg
(bass) and
Mark Brzezicki
(drums), has made several tours of mostly Europe, but also Japan and the US. A 2001 concert in
Copenhagen
,
Denmark
was released on DVD in 2002. In 2003 the band released a new studio album,
The Well's on Fire
and appeared at the
Progman Cometh
festival in
Seattle
. Their concert in London on Friday 12 December 2003, with much of the material from that album, was released on DVD in 2004:
Live at the Union Chapel
.
Long-time organist Matthew Fisher left the band in June 2004 due to "unresolved matters", with former stand-in Josh Phillips taking his place on Hammond again, leaving Brooker as the only original performing member.
[44]
These matters were later revealed to have been a lawsuit filed by Fisher against Brooker and the band for songwriting credits and a share of royalties on "A Whiter Shade of Pale", which he won in December 2006.
[45]
The band resumed a limited touring schedule in 2005. In June 2006 they played at the
Isle of Wight Festival
. In August they played two outdoor concerts with the
Danish Radio Orchestra
at Ledreborg Castle in Denmark, which were tele-recorded. An hour-long edit of the show was broadcast on Christmas morning 2008 on Danish Channel DR2 and the full concert was issued on DVD on 11 May 2009 (with six extra tracks from a Danish television recording of the band from 1974).
Later in 2006, they played in
Switzerland
,
Norway
and Denmark, but with
Geoff Dunn
replacing Brzezicki on drums, because the latter's other band
Casbah Club
was touring with
The Who
.
[46]
Then Dunn ended up replacing Brzezicki permanently for the band's European tour in 2007. Recordings from the
Italian
concerts were later released as
One Eye to the Future ? Live in Italy 2007
. Procol Harum also played an orchestral concert in
Sweden
on 30 June. They performed with the Gavle Symphony Orchestra at the outdoor opera venue
Dalhalla
, near
Rattvik
.
On 20 and 21 July 2007 fans arranged the celebration of the 40th anniversary of the success of "A Whiter Shade of Pale" and invited the band to play. This took the form of two concerts at St John's, Smith Square in London. 20 July saw Procol Harum play a mixture of songs from their early days through to the debut of a couple of new songs, "Sister Mary" and "Missing Persons". The following night 'Gary Brooker and Guests' performed a mixture of obscure songs by Brooker?Reid that had either never been recorded, never been performed live before or were significantly different from the versions they recorded.
Although there was no Procol Harum activity in 2008, their manager Chris Cooke, on the web site
Beyond the Pale
, announced plans for a live DVD and a new album in 2009, as well as festival concerts in Norway on 17 July and Finland on 23 July.
[47]
Just before the latter concert, Brooker fell off a pile of road-side logs in
Finland
and broke several ribs. The show went ahead but he was unable to sing properly, and many of the songs were performed either as
instrumentals
or sung by others in the band.
In October 2009 with Brooker fully recovered, the band performed four concerts ? in
Hagen
(Germany),
Drammen
(Norway),
Moscow
and
St Petersburg
.
All This and More
, a four-disc retrospective (three CDs and a DVD with historical notes) was released in the autumn of 2009, and Salvo also issued all of the band's previous albums as remastered CDs with extra tracks, some never previously heard.
2010s
[
edit
]
Procol played a string of US (and
Toronto
) concert dates in June 2010, mostly opening for
Jethro Tull
. On 22 July Procol again headlined at the Keitelejazz Festival in
Aanekoski
, Finland ? the venue where the band performed with an injured Brooker in 2009. They described this loyal Finnish audience as "the best in the world" and played a unique three-verse version of "A Whiter Shade of Pale" with a guitar solo from Geoff Whitehorn. 48 hours later Procol were invited to give a free concert at the courtyard of the Palace of the Province of
Bergamo
in
Italy
.
In August 2010 they appeared in
Bad Krozingen
in
Germany
and a Rock Legends event at the Dolina Charlotty Amphitheater in
Poland
. After a Halloween gig in
Leamington Spa
(their first in the UK for three years) the band returned to North America in November, including a return orchestral event with the
Edmonton Symphony Orchestra
on 9 November. After playing in
Tallinn
,
Estonia
on 18 November, they returned to the US for an orchestral concert in
Wilmington, Delaware
on 4 December. Over 13,000 people saw eight New Year concerts with the Danish Radio Orchestra in Copenhagen and other Danish cities in January 2011.
[48]
On 29 May 2012 Gary Brooker was hospitalised after suffering a fall in his hotel room in
Cape Town
. He was due to have performed with his band at GrandWest Arena on the 30th, with fellow Brits
10cc
and
The Moody Blues
, in a tour billed as the 'British Invasion' and then again in
Johannesburg
on Friday 1 June 2012. Brooker (whose birthday it was) had been in his room at the five-star Table Bay Hotel. He was admitted to the ICU of the
Christiaan Barnard
Memorial Hospital with a serious skull fracture.
The band returned to Denmark for the Kløften Festival on 25 June before embarking on a 27-date U.S. tour supporting
Yes
.
In 2012 the Japanese artist
Yumi Matsutoya
came to London to record "A Whiter Shade of Pale" with Procol Harum, a band she considered an inspiration for her work. She sang a duet with Gary Brooker on this new version of the 1967 classic, which featured three verses and a guitar solo by Geoff Whitehorn. Yumi and Procol Harum then played a series of December concerts in major Japanese cities, one of which was recorded for a later television showing (on 31 March 2013).
Also in 2012, Henry Scott-Irvine published a biography of the band,
Procol Harum ? The Ghosts of A Whiter Shade of Pale
. Scott-Irvine also hosted a rare Procol Harum film evening at the BFI on the South Bank, which was attended by members of the group.
[49]
In September 2012 Procol Harum was among fifteen final nominees for the
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
Class of 2013 (induction 18 April 2013). In the subsequent election that December, however, the band failed to gain enough votes for election.
[50]
In March and April 2013 Procol Harum played a series of five orchestral concerts in Denmark and two such events in
Wuppertal
in Germany. Four band-only concerts in Sweden & Finland were held in early October.
In 2014 the band toured again in France, Switzerland, Germany, Canada (Ottawa with orchestra) and the Eastern U.S. The band also played a five-song set at
Kenney Jones
' Rock'n'Horsepower charity event at
Ewhurst, Surrey
in June, on a bill including
Alvin Stardust
,
John Lodge
,
Nik Kershaw
,
Mike Rutherford
,
Judie Tzuke
and
The Who
. A twin CD,
Inside & Outside
, was issued with studio tracks from the Chrysalis years and a live CD including new material and performances of tracks from their first four Zonophone albums.
On Monday 24 November Procol Harum appeared at the Dominion Theatre in London with the BBC Concert Orchestra and
Crouch End Festival Chorus
in an event recorded for broadcast on BBC Radio 2's Friday Night is Music Night on 28 November. Guitarist Geoff Whitehorn was hospitalised during rehearsals and at short notice
Rick Wakeman
's guitarist
Dave Colquhoun
deputised (on crutches, after a broken ankle). He played a guitar solo in the first extended, orchestrated version of Keith Reid's
9/11
tribute song "Blink of an Eye", dedicated by Gary Brooker to the brave firefighters of the 8th Avenue station who the band often talked with after gigs in New York.
The band's 13th album,
Novum
, was released on 21 April 2017 and the band played 36 dates in the UK and Europe to promote it. However, the most significant concert of the year came in March when the band played with an orchestra at the
Royal Festival Hall
in London. Whilst leaving the stage at the end of the first half, Gary Brooker fell and was seriously hurt. He reappeared for the second half with his head bandaged and nursing "a broken hand".
In 2018 the band again toured in Europe, including an orchestral show at the
London Palladium
on 9 October. They commenced 2019 with a Caribbean cruise hosted by
Justin Hayward
, with many well-known rock acts. A US tour was due to follow.
Brooker's death
[
edit
]
Brooker, the only constant member of the band and the main songwriter, died on 19 February 2022.
[51]
The band's website described him as "a brightly shining, irreplaceable light in the music industry".
[52]
"A Whiter Shade of Pale" entered the UK Official Singles Sales Chart Top 100 at number 38 on 25 February 2022.
[53]
After his death, Procol Harum disbanded for good.
Authorship lawsuit
[
edit
]
In July 2009,
Matthew Fisher
won a British court judgment awarding him 40% of the music royalties from 2005 onwards for 1967's "A Whiter Shade of Pale", which had previously gone 50% to Brooker for the music and 50% to Reid for the lyrics.
[54]
Members
[
edit
]
Discography
[
edit
]
- Studio albums
References
[
edit
]
Citations
[
edit
]
- ^
Macan, Edward (2005).
Endless Enigma: A Musical Biography of Emerson, Lake and Palmer
. Open Court. p. 78.
ISBN
978-0-8126-9596-0
.
- ^
Pete Prown
;
HP Newquist
(1997).
Legends of Rock Guitar: The Essential Reference of Rock's Greatest Guitarists
. Hal Leonard Corporation. p. 78.
ISBN
978-0793540426
.
...British art rock groups such as the Nice, Yes, Genesis, ELP, King Crimson, the Moody Blues, and Procol Harum...
- ^
"Procol Harum Songs, Albums, Reviews, Bio & More"
.
AllMusic
. Retrieved
5 October
2021
.
- ^
"Show 49 ? The British Are Coming! The British Are Coming!: With an Emphasis on Donovan, the Bee Gees and The Who. [Part 6]: UNT Digital Library"
.
UNT Digital Library
. Retrieved
27 December
2014
.
- ^
"Rock and Roll Hall of Fame introduces new category for singles"
.
cleveland.com
. Retrieved
10 May
2018
.
- ^
"Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Inducts Songs for the First Time, Including 'Born to Be Wild' & 'Louie Louie'
"
.
Billboard
. Retrieved
10 May
2018
.
- ^
"PARAMOUNTS | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company"
. Official Charts Company
. Retrieved
7 October
2018
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
Strong, Martin C. (2000).
The Great Rock Discography
(5th ed.). Edinburgh: Mojo Books. pp. 776?777.
ISBN
1-84195-017-3
.
- ^
a
b
Welch, Chris
(1997).
Shine on Brightly
(Liner Notes). Procol Harum.
Repertoire Records
. pp. 1?3.
- ^
a
b
"Procol Harum: Beyond a Poem"
.
KRLA Beat
. 29 July 1967
. Retrieved
13 March
2022
– via
Rock's Backpages
.
- ^
"Rehearsing with Morris and Wilson"
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
Jones, Nick (3 June 1967).
"The Procol Harum - A Sound to Remember"
.
Melody Maker
. Retrieved
13 March
2022
– via
Rock's Backpages
.
- ^
"A shaggy cat story of wondrous complexity and scholarship ? Marcus Gray, for BtP"
.
Procolharum.com
. Retrieved
27 May
2020
.
- ^
"The name, Procol Harum: origins and theories"
.
procolharum.com
. Retrieved
31 December
2021
.
- ^
"About the Cat Whose Name the Band Adopted: Illustrated"
.
procolharum.com
. Retrieved
27 December
2014
.
- ^
"Artists - P - Procol Harum"
. Nostalgia Central. 8 July 2014
. Retrieved
13 March
2022
.
- ^
"Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, pr?cul"
.
perseus.tufts.edu
. Retrieved
27 December
2014
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
Gray, Marcus (8 June 2017).
"Procol Harum: The ultimate tale of A Whiter Shade of Pale"
. Loudersound
. Retrieved
14 March
2022
.
- ^
Percy, David.
"King Jimi, he was there: Procol and Hendrix"
. ProcolHarum.com
. Retrieved
11 March
2022
.
- ^
"Procol Harum Detail of the last gig of the original line-up in Torquay"
. Retrieved
1 August
2022
– via Procol Harum.
- ^
"Procol Harum Tavistock Times report of June 16 1967 gig of original line-up"
. Retrieved
1 August
2022
– via Procol Harum.
- ^
"Procol Harum: The Harum Troubles"
.
Record Mirror
. 30 September 1967
. Retrieved
13 March
2022
– via
Rock's Backpages
.
- ^
a
b
Bailey, Andrew (10 June 1971).
"Procol Harum and Facts of Life"
.
Rolling Stone
. Retrieved
14 March
2022
– via
Rock's Backpages
.
- ^
Welch, Chris
(1997).
Shine on Brightly
(Liner Notes). Procol Harum.
Repertoire Records
. pp. 3?4.
- ^
a
b
Goldberg, Danny (August 1971).
"The Problematic Career of Procol Harum"
.
Circus
. Retrieved
14 March
2022
– via
Rock's Backpages
.
- ^
a
b
Norman, Tony (13 June 1970).
"An Interview with Keith Reid"
.
Music Now
. Retrieved
14 March
2022
– via
Rock's Backpages
.
- ^
Tobler, John (1992).
NME Rock 'N' Roll Years
(1st ed.). London: Reed International Books Ltd. p. 215. CN 5585.
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General and cited sources
[
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]
External links
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