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Head of the Catholic Church from 885 to 891
Pope Stephen V
(
Latin
:
Stephanus V
; died 14 September 891) was the
bishop of Rome
and ruler of the
Papal States
from September 885 to his death.
[1]
In his dealings with
Photius I of Constantinople
, as in his relations with the young Slavic Orthodox church, he pursued the policy of
Pope Nicholas I
.
Early life
[
edit
]
His father Hadrian, who belonged to the
Roman aristocracy
, entrusted his education to his relative, Bishop Zachary, librarian of the
Holy See
. Stephen was created
cardinal-priest
of
Santi Quattro Coronati
by
Marinus I
.
Pontificate
[
edit
]
Stephen V was elected to succeed
Adrian III
on the account of his holiness on May 17, 885, but was not accepted by the
Holy Roman Emperor
Charles III the Fat
. However, he was consecrated in September 885 without waiting for the imperial confirmation. The emperor sent a legate to overthrow him, but when he found with what unanimity he had been elected, he let the matter rest.
[1]
Stephen was called upon to face a famine caused by a drought and by locusts, and as the papal treasury was empty he had to fall back on his father's wealth to relieve the poor, to redeem captives, and to repair churches.
Methodius of Thessaloniki
was succeeded by his disciple,
Gorazd
.
[2]
However, due to the influence of the German clergy, Stephen forbade the use of the
Slavonic
liturgy.
[3]
Most of the Slavs then fell under the jurisdiction of the
Patriarchate of Constantinople
.
[4]
To promote order, he adopted
Guy III of Spoleto
"as his son" and crowned him emperor in 891. He also recognized
Louis the Blind
as
king of Provence
. Since Archbishop
Aurelian
would not consecrate
Teutbold
, who had been canonically elected
bishop of Langres
, Stephen himself consecrated him. He had also opposed the arbitrary proceedings of the archbishops of
Bordeaux
and
Ravenna
, and resisted the attacks which Patriarch
Photius I of Constantinople
made on the
Holy See
. His resistance was successful, and
Emperor Leo VI
sent Photius into exile. When writing against Photius, Stephen begged the emperor to send warships and soldiers to enable him to ward off the assaults of the
Saracens
on papal territory,
[5]
and southern Italy
[6]
and from 885 to 886 the Byzantines
reoccupied southern Italy from the Muslims
.
[7]
In 887/8, Stephen wrote that Christian slaves of Muslims, who were mutilated by their captors, could become priests. He also excused them if they murdered during their captivity.
[8]
Stephen, who received many English
pilgrims
and envoys bringing
Peterspence
, was buried in the
portico
of
Saint Peter's Basilica
.
References
[
edit
]
- ^
a
b
Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913).
"Pope Stephen (V) VI"
.
Catholic Encyclopedia
. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
- ^
Seven Apostles of Bulgaria
, Oxford Dictionary of Saints, Ed. David Farmer, (Oxford University Press, 2004), 474.
- ^
Richard P. McBrien,
Lives of the Popes
, (HarperCollins, 2000), 144.
- ^
Richard P. McBrien,
Lives of the Popes
, 143.
- ^
Roger Collins (1 Jan 2009).
Keepers of the Keys of Heaven: A History of the Papacy
. Basic Books. p. 170.
ISBN
9780786744183
.
- ^
Francis Dvornik.
The Photian schism: history and legend
. CUP Archive. p. 229.
- ^
Greville Stewart Parker Freeman-Grenville; Stuart Christopher Munro-Hay (26 January 2006).
Islam: An Illustrated History
. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. p. 46.
ISBN
9781441165336
.
- ^
David Thomas; Barbara Roggema; Juan Pedro Monferrer Sala (21 March 2011).
Christian-Muslim Relations. A Bibliographical History. Volume 3 (1050-1200)
. BRILL. p. 48.
ISBN
9789004195158
.
Sources
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]
External links
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History of the papacy
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