Pontifical university
The
Pontifical Urban University
, also called the
Urbaniana
after its names in both Latin and Italian,
[a]
is a
pontifical university
under the authority of the
Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples
. The university's mission is to train
priests
,
religious
brothers
and
sisters
, and
lay people
for service as missionaries. Its campus is located on the
Janiculum Hill
in
Rome
, on
extraterritorial property
of the
Holy See
.
History
[
edit
]
From its beginnings, the Urbaniana has always been an academic institution with a
missionary character
that has served the
Catholic Church
through the formation of
missionaries
and experts in the area of Missiology or other disciplines, necessary in the
evangelizational
activity of the Church.
The origins of the university date back to
Pope Urban VIII
who decided to establish a new college with his
papal bull
Immortalis Dei Filius
of August 1, 1627. Pope Urban saw, at the urging of
Juan Bautista Vives
,
[1]
[2]
a spanish prelate, that it was necessary to establish a central seminary for the missions where young priests could be educated, both for countries which had no
national college
, but also those that did. A central international college would allow priests to make acquaintances and form mutually helpful relationships in other countries. The new college was called the
Collegium Urbanum
from the name of its founder and placed under the immediate direction of the Congregation of Propaganda (now called the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples).
[3]
After the College's founding,
Juan Bautista Vives
donated a suitable building near the
Piazza di Spagna
. Under
Pope Alexander VII
, the Church of the Three Magi was added to the building. Vives established six free scholarships, to which were later added endowments by other pontiffs and prelates, especially
Innocent XII
,
Clement XII
, and the brother of Urban VIII, Cardinal
Antonio Barberini
.
[4]
In 1798, following the disruption surrounding the creation of the
Roman Republic
and the
Napoleonic Wars
, the college was closed and some of the students were received by the
Lazarists
at
Montecitorio
.
[4]
This arrangement lasted until 1809, when even this last remnant of the college was suppressed. In 1814, however, some of the Propaganda students were again received by the Lazarists, and in 1817 the Urbaniana was reopened. From 1836 until 1848, it operated under the direction of the
Jesuits
.
[4]
At the beginning of the twentieth century, the Urban College was still housed in the
Palazzo di Propaganda Fide
in Piazza di Spagna. At that time, the average number of its resident students was about one hundred and ten.
[3]
Those resident students were necessarily from countries that fell under the responsibility of the
Propaganda
. Then as now, however, the Urbaniana operates its own schools, which are attended by other students not subject to the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples.
[3]
In fact, since 1966, the Urbaniana has accepted the affiliation of seminaries and institutes of philosophy, theology, missiology, and canon law from all over the world. The total number of students educated under the auspices of the Urbanianum was about five hundred in 1910.
[3]
In 1926, the College moved from its historic home in the Piazza di Spagna to its current campus on the Janiculum, overlooking
Saint Peter's Square
. Its first home there was a relatively modest building, but it is now housed in a much-expanded group of buildings.
[5]
The university was endowed with the title "pontifical" with the
motu proprio
Fidei propagandae
of
Pope John XXIII
on October 1, 1962.
[5]
In 2021, Sister Pietra Luana (Etra) Modica, a
Scalabrinian
nun, was appointed as Secretary General of the university. She is the first woman to hold the post since the organisation was founded.
[6]
Traditions
[
edit
]
In the seventeenth century, Alexander VII instituted a tradition of having all the students make an oath, binding them to remain under the jurisdiction of the
Propaganda
, not to enter a religious order without special permission, and to return after ordination to the priesthood to their dioceses or provinces to engage in the sacred ministry, and to send each year if in Europe, or every second year otherwise, a report of their apostolic work.
[4]
By the early 1900s, this practice was still done: every graduate student (
alumno
), wherever he may have been in the pursuit of his ministry, was bound to write a letter to the cardinal prefect every year, to let him know how his work was progressing and how he was faring.
Catholic Encyclopedia
reports that cardinal used to answer immediately with "a letter of paternal encouragement and counsel."
[3]
In the early twentieth century, it used to be customary for the Urban College to hold an annual solemn "Accademia Polyglotta" at Epiphany, to symbolize the worldwide unity of the Catholic Church. At this event, the Propaganda students would recite poems in their respective mother tongues.
[3]
Activity
[
edit
]
A view of the campus of the Urban University from the south
Faculties
[
edit
]
The university, which is located on the
Janiculum Hill
in Rome, has four faculties: the faculty of
theology
, the faculty of
philosophy
, the faculty of
canon law
, and the faculty of
missiology
. The faculties of theology and philosophy are as old as the institution itself, while the canon law and missiology faculties are more recent. The Missionary Institute was founded on September 1, 1933, and split into the two faculties of canon law and missiology on July 25, 1986.
[5]
As of 2004, the university educated about 1400 students between these four faculties.
Library
[
edit
]
The current library of the Urbaniana was formed from two pre-existing collections: the historic Urban College Library and the Pontifical Missionary Library, which were joined in 1979.
[5]
Today the combined library contains about 350,000 volumes, including over 9,000 directly accessible in reading rooms; 800 current journals and about 4,000 archival; about 50,000
microfiches
; and documents from various specialized archives.
[5]
In the library there are about 1500 late-Medieval
incunabula
, a collection of rare atlases, geographical maps printed in the sixteenth century, and missionary
catechisms
from the sixteenth century onwards.
[5]
The library is particularly notable for its Chinese collections and Old and New Testament resources.
[5]
University press
[
edit
]
The Urban University Press handles publishing for both the university and the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples. Although it currently operates in line with the criteria of modern university publishing, it derives from a tradition that goes back to the very origins of the Urban College and the Printing House of the Congregation of
Propaganda Fide
.
[5]
Currently the UUP publishes the following periodicals:
Euntes Docete
, the scientific journal of the university,
Ius Missionale
, the yearbook of the Faculty of Canon Law, and
Bibliographia Missionaria
, a journal curated by the director of the Library. In addition to these, every year the press also prints the university
Annales
, which serves to review and record the academic and non-academic life of the university and its faculty.
[5]
Administration
[
edit
]
While the university is owned and operated by the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples, whose prefect is Chancellor of the university
ex officio
, as a center of
higher education
it is regulated by the
Congregation for Catholic Education
. Cardinal
Luis Antonio Tagle
, as current Prefect of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples, serves as the Chancellor; the Vice Chancellor is Archbishop
Protase Rugambwa
, Secretary of the same Congregation.
[7]
In its early days, the rector of the university always used to be a
Theatine
and would serve as the parish priest of all who lived in the Palazzo di Propaganda Fide.
[4]
For centuries, however, the rector was a secular prelate (that is, not attached to a particular order).
[4]
As of 2015, the
Rector Magnificus
of the Urbaniana is Father Alberto Trevisiol, a priest of the order of
Consolata Missionaries
. He is assisted by Father Godfrey Igwebuike Onah as Vice Rector.
[7]
Former faculty
[
edit
]
Alumni
[
edit
]
American
[
edit
]
African
[
edit
]
- Cardinal
Francis Arinze
(Prefect of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments)
- Cardinal
Bernard Agre
(Archbishop of Abidjan)
- Cardinal
Laurent Monsengwo Pasinya
(Archbishop of Kinshasa)
- Emmanuel Wamala
(Archbishop of Kampala)
- Cardinal
Lubomyr Husar
, Major Archbishop of Kiev-Galicia in the
Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
- Kanute Dindi Onyango (St Augustine Senior Seminary, Mabanga, Kenya, an affiliate of Urbanian)
- James Raphael Anaparambil, Co-adjutor Bishop elect of Diocese of Alleppey
- Godfrey I.
Onah
, Bishop of Nsukka and Emeritus Professor of Philosophy at Pontifical Urbaniana University.
Asian
[
edit
]
Martyrs
[
edit
]
In addition to the many ecclesiastical dignitaries among the Urbaniana's past students there have also been four martyrs: the Belgian
Jacques Foelech
(1643);
Pietro Cesy
(1680); the Armenian
Melchior Tasbas
(1716), and
Nicholas Boscovich
(1731).
[4]
Notes
[
edit
]
- ^
Latin
:
Pontificia Universitas Urbaniana
;
Italian
:
Pontificia Universita Urbaniana
.
References
[
edit
]
- ^
Henkel, Willi, OMI (1999). "Vives y Marja, Juan Bautista". In Anderson, Gerald H. (ed.).
Biographical Dictionary of Christian Missions
. Michigan / Cambridge: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 707.
ISBN
9780802846808
.
{{
cite book
}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
link
)
- ^
Unzalu, Juan de (1943). "Monsenor Juan Bautista Vives y Marja, fundador del Colegio Urbaniano de Propaganda Fide".
El Siglo de las Misiones
(in Spanish).
30
: 150?153.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
Benigni, Umberto (1911).
"Sacred Congregation of Propaganda"
.
The Catholic Encyclopedia
. Vol. 12. Robert Appleton Company
. Retrieved
February 9,
2015
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
Benigni, Umberto (1912).
"Roman Colleges"
.
The Catholic Encyclopedia
. Vol. 13. Robert Appleton Company
. Retrieved
February 9,
2015
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
"Note storiche"
(in Italian). Pontificia Universita Urbaniana. Archived from
the original
on February 9, 2015
. Retrieved
February 9,
2015
.
- ^
Fides, Agenzia.
"VATICAN - Urbaniana University: for the first time the new General Secretary is a nun, a Scalabrinian missionary - Agenzia Fides"
.
www.fides.org
. Retrieved
1 October
2023
.
- ^
a
b
"Autorita Accademiche"
(in Italian). Pontificia Universita Urbaniana. Archived from
the original
on April 28, 2003
. Retrieved
February 9,
2015
.
- ^
"Province ? St.Pius X Province"
. Retrieved
2021-06-13
.
External links
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]
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