From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Polonyna
(
Ukrainian
and
Rusyn
:
полонина
,
romanized:
polonyna
;
Polish
:
połonina
;
Slovak
:
polonina
) is a specific, regionally-focused
geographic
term, that is used as a designation for areas of
montane meadows
(a
landform
type) in the upper subalpine or alpine zones of the
Carpathian Mountains
. The term
polonyna
was introduced to English from
Slavic languages
, in order to designate various mountainous regions, mainly in the
Eastern Carpathians
, and also in the
Western Carpathians
. The
polonyna
type areas of montane meadows are very frequent in the
Outer Eastern Carpathians
, particularly in the
Eastern Beskids
. Throughout history, they were used for
pasture
, and in modern times they have become a popular destination for various forms of recreational tourism.
The noun
polonyna
(
plur
.
polonynas
) and its corresponding adjectives (
anglicized
as
polonyne
or
polonynian
) are also used frequently in local
toponyms
throughout the Carpathian region. One of two main mountain ranges of the
Eastern Beskids
is known as the
Polonyne Beskids
or
Polonynian Beskids
(Ukrainian:
Полонинськ? Бескиди
; Polish:
Beskidy Połoni?skie
), and it includes several mountains that also contain the same term in their names, like:
Smooth Polonyna
(Polish:
Połonina Rowna
; Ukrainian:
Полонина Р?вна
,
romanized:
Polonyna Rivna
),
Polonyna Borzhava
(Polish:
Połonina Bor?awska
; Ukrainian:
Полонина Боржава
),
Red Polonyna
(Polish:
Połonina Czerwona
; Ukrainian:
Червонa Полонина
,
romanized:
Chernova Polonyna
), etc.
The term also appears as "
planina
" in several
South Slavic languages
, in which it functions as a synonym for "mountain." In
Slovene
, however, it shares the Carpathian meaning of montane (pasture) meadow, and is a very common toponym.
See also
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References
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Sources
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Further reading
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- Андр?й Л. Байцар, "Полонини Укра?нських Карпат" (Adriy L. Baytsar, Polonynas of the Ukrainian Carpathians), in: Генеза, географ?я та еколог?я ?рунт?в: Зб?рник наукових праць М?жнародно? конференц?? (Genesis, Geography and Ecology of Soils: Collection of Scientific Papers from the International Conference). Льв?в, 1999. - P. 107-109.
- Андр?й Л. Байцар, "Полонини Укра?нських Карпат: генезис, поширення та морфолог?я" (Adriy L. Baytsar, Polonynas of the Ukrainian Carpathians: Genesis, Distribution, and Morphology), В?сник Льв?вського ун?верситету: Сер?я географ?чна, 29 (2003) - P. 3-6.
External links
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