Podocnemis

Podocnemis ; Temporal range: Miocene?Recent Pre? ? O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Podocnemis unifilis , ; yellow-spotted river turtle
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Order:	Testudines
Suborder:	Pleurodira
Family:	Podocnemididae
Genus:	Podocnemis ; Wagler , 1830
Species
	6 species, see text

Podocnemis is a genus of aquatic turtles, commonly known as South American river turtles, in the family Podocnemididae . The genus consists of six extant species occurring in tropical South America . ^[1] Four additional species are known only from fossils.

Species [ edit ]

These six species are extant. ^[1]

Podocnemis erythrocephala ( Spix , 1824) ? red-headed Amazon River turtle
Podocnemis expansa ( Schweigger , 1812) ? Arrau turtle
Podocnemis lewyana A.H.A. Dumeril , 1852 ? Magdalena River turtle
Podocnemis sextuberculata Cornalia , 1849 ? six-tubercled Amazon River turtle
Podocnemis unifilis Troschel , 1848 ? yellow-spotted river turtle , yellow-headed sideneck ^[2]
Podocnemis vogli L. Muller , 1935 ? savanna side-necked turtle

Nota bene : A binomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than Podocnemis .

Fossil species [ edit ]

The following four species are extinct, all from Neogene deposits in South America:

Podocnemis bassleri †
Podocnemis medemi † ^[3]
Podocnemis pritchardi † ^[3]
Podocnemis tatacoensis † Cadena & Vanegas, 2023. ^[4]

The Late Cretaceous ( Cenomanian ) species "Podocnemis" parva Haas, 1978, based on remains from the West Bank , is now assigned to Algorachelus , as A. parvus . ^[5]

References [ edit ]

^ ^a ^b Podocnemis . The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.
^ Yellow-headed sideneck, iNaturalist
^ ^a ^b Wood RC (1997). "Turtles". In: Kay RF, Madden RH, Cifelli RL, Flynn JJ (editors). Vertebrate Paleontology in the Neotropics. The Miocene Fauna of La Venta, Colombia . Washington, District of Columbia: Smithsonian Institution Press.
^ Cadena, Edwin-Alberto; Vanegas, Ruben Dario (2023). "A new fossil turtle ends the controversy on the occurrence of the extant genus Podocnemis Wagler, 1830 at the Miocene fauna of La Venta, Colombia" . Geodiversitas . 45 (3): 127?138. doi : 10.5252/geodiversitas2023v45a3 . S2CID 257258234 . Retrieved 2023-02-27 .
^ Perez-Garcia, A. (2018). "New information on the Cenomanian bothremydid turtle Algorachelus based on new, well-preserved material from Spain" . Fossil Record . 21 (1): 119?135. Bibcode : 2018FossR..21..119P . doi : 10.5194/fr-21-119-2018 .

Further reading [ edit ]

Boulenger GA (1889). Catalogue of the Chelonians, Rhynchocephalians, and Crocodiles in the British Museum (Natural History). New Edition. London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, printers). x + 311 pp. + Plates I-III. (Genus Podocnemis , pp. 200?201, Figures 50?51).
Goin CJ , Goin OB , Zug GR (1978). Introduction to Herpetology, Third Edition . San Francisco: W.H. Freeman and Company. xi + 378 pp. ISBN 0-7167-0020-4 . ( Podocnemis , pp. 149, 271?272).
Wagler J (1830). Naturliches System der AMPHIBIEN, mit vorangehender Classification der SAUGTHIERE und VOGEL. Ein Beitrag zur vergleichenden Zoologie. Munich, Stuttgart and Tubingen: J.G. Cotta. vi + 354 pp. + one plate. ( Podocnemis , new genus, p. 135). (in German and Latin).

[RDB-1] Podocnemis . The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.

[2] Yellow-headed sideneck, iNaturalist

[Wood-3] Wood RC (1997). "Turtles". In: Kay RF, Madden RH, Cifelli RL, Flynn JJ (editors). Vertebrate Paleontology in the Neotropics. The Miocene Fauna of La Venta, Colombia . Washington, District of Columbia: Smithsonian Institution Press.

[4] Cadena, Edwin-Alberto; Vanegas, Ruben Dario (2023). "A new fossil turtle ends the controversy on the occurrence of the extant genus Podocnemis Wagler, 1830 at the Miocene fauna of La Venta, Colombia" . Geodiversitas . 45 (3): 127?138. doi : 10.5252/geodiversitas2023v45a3 . S2CID 257258234 . Retrieved 2023-02-27 .

[5] Perez-Garcia, A. (2018). "New information on the Cenomanian bothremydid turtle Algorachelus based on new, well-preserved material from Spain" . Fossil Record . 21 (1): 119?135. Bibcode : 2018FossR..21..119P . doi : 10.5194/fr-21-119-2018 .

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