From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Game played primarily with babies
Peekaboo
(also spelled
peek-a-boo
) is a form of play played with an
infant
. To play, one player hides their face, pops back into the view of the other, and says
Peekaboo!
, sometimes followed by
I see you!
There are many variations: for example, where trees are involved, "Hiding behind that tree!" is sometimes added. Another variation involves saying "Where's the baby?" while the face is covered and "There's the baby!" when uncovering the face.
Peekaboo uses the fundamental structure of all good jokes?surprise, balanced with expectation.
[1]
Linguist Iris Nomikou has compared the game to a dialogue given the predictable back-and-forth pattern.
[2]
Other researchers have called the game “protoconversation" ? a way to teach an infant the timing and the structure of social exchanges.
[3]
Object permanence
[
edit
]
Peekaboo is thought by
developmental psychologists
to demonstrate an infant's inability to understand
object permanence
.
[5]
Object permanence is an important stage of
cognitive development
for infants. In early sensorimotor stages, the infant is completely unable to comprehend object permanence. Psychologist
Jean Piaget
conducted experiments with infants which led him to conclude that this awareness was typically achieved at eight to nine months of age.
[6]
He said that infants before this age are too young to understand object permanence. A lack of object permanence can lead to
A-not-B errors
, where children reach for a thing at a place where it should not be.
See also
[
edit
]
Look up
peekaboo
in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
References
[
edit
]
- ^
Stafford, Tom (April 18, 2014).
"Why All Babies Love Peekaboo"
.
BBC
.
- ^
Nomikou, Iris; Leonardi, Giuseppe; Radkowska, Alicja; R?czaszek-Leonardi, Joanna; Rohlfing, Katharina J. (2017-10-10).
"Taking Up an Active Role: Emerging Participation in Early Mother?Infant Interaction during Peekaboo Routines"
.
Frontiers in Psychology
.
8
: 1656.
doi
:
10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01656
.
ISSN
1664-1078
.
PMC
5641350
.
PMID
29066985
.
- ^
"PsycNET"
.
psycnet.apa.org
. Retrieved
2019-08-13
.
- ^
Kitajima, Yoshio; Kumoi, Miyoshi; Koike, Toshihide (1998).
"Developmental changes of anticipatory heart rate responses in human infants"
.
Japanese Journal of Physiological Psychology and Psychophysiology
.
16
(2): 93?100.
doi
:
10.5674/jjppp1983.16.93
.
ProQuest
619539004
.
- ^
Mayers, David (2011).
Exploring Psychology
. New York, NY: Worth.
ISBN
978-1-4292-1635-7
.
- ^
Wellman, Henry M.; et al. (1986), "Infant Search and Object Permanence: A Meta-Analysis of the A-Not-B Error.",
Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development
,
51
(3): i-67,
doi
:
10.2307/1166103
,
JSTOR
1166103
,
PMID
3683418
Further reading
[
edit
]
- Bruner, J. S. & Sherwood, V. (1976). "Peek-a-boo and the learning of rule structures". In Bruner, J.; Jolly, A. & Sylva, K. (eds.).
Play: Its Role in Development and Evolution
. Middlesex: Penguin. pp. 277?287.
ISBN
0-14-081126-5
.
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