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Italian mathematician and philosopher (1765?1822)
Paolo Ruffini
(22 September 1765 ? 10 May 1822) was an Italian mathematician and philosopher.
Education and career
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By 1788 he had earned university degrees in philosophy, medicine/surgery and mathematics. His works include developments in
algebra
:
He also wrote on
probability
and the
quadrature of the circle
.
He was a professor of mathematics at the
University of Modena
and a medical doctor
including scientific work
[6]
on
typhus
.
Group theory
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In 1799 Ruffini marked a major improvement for
group theory
, developing
Joseph-Louis Lagrange
's work on permutation theory ("Reflexions sur la theorie algebrique des equations", 1770?1771). Lagrange's work was largely ignored until Ruffini established strong connections between permutations and the solvability of algebraic equations. Ruffini was the first to assert, controversially, the unsolvability by radicals of algebraic equations higher than
quartics
, which angered many members of the community such as
Gian Francesco Malfatti
(1731?1807). Work in that area was later carried on by those such as
Abel
and
Galois
, who succeeded in such a proof.
[7]
Publications
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]
- 1799:
Teoria Generale delle Equazioni, in cui si dimostra impossibile la soluzione algebraica delle equazioni generali di grado superiore al quarto
("General Theory of equations, in which the algebraic solution of general equations of degree higher than four is proven impossible")
- 1802:
Riflessioni intorno alla rettificazione ed alla quadratura del circulo
("reflections on the rectification and the squaring of the circle")
- 1802:
Della soluzione delle equazioni algebraiche determinate particolari di grado superiore al quarto
("on the solution of certain determined algebraic equations of degree higher than four")
- 1804:
Sopra la determinazione delle radici nelle equazioni numeriche di qualunque grado
("about the determination of the roots in the numerical equations of any degree")
- 1806:
Della immortalita dell’anima
("on the immortality of the soul")
- 1807:
Algebra elementare
("elementary algebra")
- 1813:
Riflessioni intorno alla soluzione delle equazioni algebraiche generali
("reflections on the algebraic solutions of equations")
- 1820:
Memoria sul tifo contagioso
("essay on contagious typhoid")
- 1821:
Riflessioni critiche sopra il saggio filosofico intorno alle probabilita del signor conte Laplace
("critical reflections on the philosophical essay about probability by Count Laplace")
See also
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References
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External links
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