Turkish novelist, academic, and Nobel laureate
Ferit Orhan Pamuk
(born 7 June 1952;
Turkish pronunciation:
[fe??it
o??han
pa?muk]
[1]
) is a Turkish novelist, screenwriter, academic, and recipient of the
2006 Nobel Prize in Literature
. One of Turkey's most prominent novelists,
[2]
he has sold over 13 million books in 63 languages,
[3]
making him the country's best-selling writer.
[4]
Pamuk's novels include
Silent House
,
The White Castle
,
The Black Book
,
The New Life
,
My Name Is Red
and
Snow
. He is the Robert Yik-Fong Tam Professor in the Humanities at
Columbia University
, where he teaches
writing
and
comparative literature
. He was elected to the
American Philosophical Society
in 2018.
[5]
Of partial
Circassian
descent and born in
Istanbul
,
[6]
Pamuk is the first Turkish Nobel laureate. He is also the recipient of numerous other literary awards.
My Name Is Red
won the 2002
Prix du Meilleur Livre Etranger
, 2002
Premio Grinzane Cavour
and 2003
International Dublin Literary Award
.
The European Writers' Parliament came about as a result of a joint proposal by Pamuk and
Jose Saramago
.
[7]
Pamuk's willingness to write books about contentious historical and political events put him at risk of censure in his homeland. In 2005, a lawyer sued him over a statement acknowledging the
Armenian genocide
in the
Ottoman Empire
.
[8]
Pamuk said his intention had been to highlight issues of
freedom of speech
in Turkey. The court initially declined to hear the case, but in 2011 Pamuk was ordered to pay 6,000 liras in compensation for having insulted the plaintiffs' honor.
[9]
Early life
[
edit
]
Pamuk was born in
Istanbul
, in 1952, and grew up in a wealthy but declining upper-class family, an experience he describes in passing in his novels
The Black Book
and
Cevdet Bey and His Sons
, as well as more thoroughly in his personal memoir
Istanbul: Memories and the City
. Pamuk's paternal grandmother was
Circassian
.
[10]
He was educated at
Robert College
secondary school in
Istanbul
and studied architecture at the
Istanbul Technical University
, a subject related to his dream career, painting.
[11]
He left architecture school after three years to become a full-time writer, and graduated from the Institute of
Journalism
at the
University of Istanbul
in 1976. From ages 22 to 30, Pamuk lived with his mother, writing his first novel and attempting to find a publisher. He describes himself as a
Cultural Muslim
who identifies with Islam historically and culturally while not believing in a personal connection to God.
[12]
Work
[
edit
]
Pamuk started writing regularly in 1974.
[13]
His first novel,
Karanlık ve I?ık
(
Darkness and Light
) was a co-winner of the 1979 Milliyet Press Novel Contest (
Mehmet Ero?lu
was the other winner). This novel was published with the title
Cevdet Bey ve O?ulları
(
Mr. Cevdet and His Sons
) in 1982 and won the
Orhan Kemal
Novel Prize in 1983. It tells the story of three generations of a wealthy Istanbul family living in
Ni?anta?ı
, the district of Istanbul where Pamuk grew up.
Pamuk won a number of critical prizes for his early work, including the 1984 Madarali Novel Prize for his second novel
Sessiz Ev
(
Silent House
) and the 1991 Prix de la Decouverte Europeenne for its French translation. His historical novel
Beyaz Kale
(
The White Castle
), published in Turkish in 1985, won the 1990 Independent Award for Foreign Fiction and extended his reputation abroad. On 19 May 1991,
The New York Times
Book Review wrote, "A new star has risen in the east?Orhan Pamuk."
[14]
He started experimenting with postmodern techniques in his novels, a change from his early works' strict naturalism.
Popular success took a bit longer, but his 1990 novel
Kara Kitap
(
The Black Book
) became one of the most controversial and popular books in
Turkish literature
, due to its complexity and richness. In 1992, he wrote the screenplay for the movie
Gizli Yuz
(
Secret Face
), based on
Kara Kitap
and directed by a prominent Turkish director,
Omer Kavur
. Pamuk's fifth novel,
Yeni Hayat
(
New Life
), caused a sensation in Turkey upon its 1994 publication and became the fastest-selling book in Turkish history. By this time, Pamuk had also become a high-profile figure in Turkey due to his support for Kurdish political rights. In 1995, he was among a group of authors tried for writing essays that criticized Turkey's treatment of the Kurds. In 1999, Pamuk published his book of essays
Oteki Renkler
(
Other Colors
).
In 2019, the 66-year-old Nobel laureate held an exhibition of his photographs of Istanbul taken from his own balcony, "Balkon: Photos by Orhan Pamuk". It captured the "subtle and ever-changing view of Istanbul" photographed by Pamuk from his balcony using a telephoto lens. Curated by
Gerhard Steidl
, the German publisher of his photo book
Balkon
, the exhibition ran for three months at the Yapı Kredi Culture and Arts building on Istanbul's Istiklal Street. It featured more than 600 colour photos selected from over 8,500 Pamuk took over a five-month period in late 2012 and early 2013, in what the gallery called "a period of intense creativity".
[15]
My Name Is Red
[
edit
]
Pamuk's international reputation continued to increase when he published
Benim Adım Kırmızı
(
My Name is Red
) in 1998. The novel blends mystery, romance, and philosophical puzzles in a setting of 16th-century Istanbul. It opens a window into the reign of
Ottoman
Sultan
Murat III
in nine snowy winter days of 1591, inviting the reader to experience the tension between East and West from a breathlessly urgent perspective.
My Name Is Red
has been translated into 24 languages and in 2003 won the
International Dublin Literary Award
, one of the world's most lucrative literary prizes.
Asked what impact winning this last award (currently $127,000) had on his life and work, Pamuk replied:
Nothing changed in my life since I work all the time. I've spent 30 years writing fiction. For the first 10 years, I worried about money and no one asked how much money I made. The second decade I spent money and no one was asking about that. And I've spent the last 10 years with everyone expecting to hear how I spend the money, which I will not do.
[16]
Snow
[
edit
]
Pamuk followed this with the novel
Kar
, published in 2002 (English translation:
Snow
, 2004). Set in the border city of
Kars
, it explores the conflict between Islamism and Westernism in modern Turkey. Snow follows Ka, an expatriate Turkish poet, as he wanders around the snowy
Kars
and gets caught up in the muddle of aimless Islamists, MPs, headscarf advocates, secularists, and a number of factions who die and kill in the name of highly contradictory ideals.
The New York Times
listed
Snow
as one of its Ten Best Books of 2004.
In a conversation with Carol Becker in the
Brooklyn Rail
about creating sympathetic characters in the political novel, Pamuk said:
I strongly feel that the art of the novel is based on the human capacity, though it’s a limited capacity, to be able to identify with "the other". Only human beings can do this. It requires imagination, a sort of morality, a self-imposed goal of understanding this person who is different from us, which is a rarity.
[17]
The Museum of Innocence
[
edit
]
In May 2007, Pamuk was among the jury members at the
Cannes Film Festival
headed by British director
Stephen Frears
. He completed his next novel,
Masumiyet Muzesi
(
The Museum of Innocence
) in the summer of 2008 - the first novel he published after receiving the 2006 Nobel Prize in Literature.
Pamuk created an actual
Museum of Innocence
, consisting of everyday objects tied to the narrative, and housed them at an
Istanbul
house he purchased.
[18]
Pamuk collaborated on a documentary "The Innocence of Memories"
[19]
[20]
that expanded on his Museum of Innocence. Pamuk stated that "(Museum of Dreams will) tell a different version of the love story set in Istanbul through objects and Grant Gee’s wonderful new film".
[21]
In both
Snow
and the
Museum of Innocence
Pamuk describes tragic love-stories, where men fall in love with beautiful women at first sight. Pamuk's heroes tend to be educated men who fall tragically in love with beauties, but who seem doomed to a decrepit loneliness.
In 2013, Pamuk invited
Grazia Toderi
, whose work he admired, to design a work for the Museum of Innocence in
Istanbul
. Their collaboration culminated in the exhibition
Words and Stars
.
Words and Stars
opened on 2 April 2017, at the MART (Museo di Arte Moderna e Contemporanea di Trento e Rovereto), and which explores "the inclination of man to explore space and innate vocation to question the stars." The show was curated by Gianfranco Maraniello.
[22]
It also showed from 4 November 2016 to 29 March 2017 from 5?6 November 2016 at the
Palazzo Madama
, Piazza Castello,
Turin
, and at
Infini-to, the Planetarium of Turin (Infini.to - Planetario di Torino, Museo dell'Astronomia e dello Spazio)
by invitation.
[23]
Non-fiction
[
edit
]
Pamuk published a memoir/travelogue
Istanbul?Hatıralar ve ?ehir
in 2003 (English version,
Istanbul?Memories and the City
, 2005). Pamuk's
Other Colours
? a collection of non-fiction and a story ? was published in the UK in September 2007.
Asked how personal his book
Istanbul: Memories and the City
was, Pamuk replied:
I thought I would write
Memories and the City
in six months, but it took me one year to complete. And I was working twelve hours a day, just reading and working. My life, because of so many things, was in a crisis; I don’t want to go into those details: divorce, father dying, professional problems, problems with this, problems with that, everything was bad. I thought if I were to be weak I would have a depression. But every day I would wake up and have a cold shower and sit down and remember and write, always paying attention to the beauty of the book. Honestly, I may have hurt my mother, my family. My father was dead, but my mother is still alive. But I can’t care about that; I must care about the beauty of the book.
[24]
Style
[
edit
]
Pamuk's books are characterized by a confusion or loss of identity brought on in part by the conflict between Western and Eastern values. They are often disturbing or unsettling, and include complex plots and characters. His works are also redolent with discussion of and fascination with the creative arts, such as literature and painting. Pamuk's work often touches on the deep-rooted tensions between East and West and tradition and modernism/secularism.
[25]
Pamuk speaks about "the angel of inspiration" when he discusses his creativity:
"I am just listening to an inner music, the mystery of which I don't completely know. And I don't want to know."
[26]
"I am most surprised by those moments when I have felt as if the sentences, dreams, and pages that have made me so ecstatically happy have not come from my own imagination ? that another power has found them and generously presented them to me."
[27]
A group of writers assert that some parts of Pamuk's works are heavily influenced by the works of other writers, and some chapters are almost totally quoted from other books. Pamuk himself said that his works have been inspired by the writings of rebel poet
Kazi Nazrul Islam
[
citation needed
]
. One of the writers, nationalist popular historian
Murat Bardakcı
, accused him of counterfeiting and plagiarism in the
Hurriyet
, a Turkish newspaper.
[28]
Another accusation is that Pamuk's novel
The White Castle
contains exact paragraphs from Fuad Carim's
Kanuni Devrinde ?stanbul
("Istanbul in the Time of the
Kanuni
") novel.
[29]
After a question raised at the 2009
Boston Book Festival
as to whether he wanted to respond to these accusations, Pamuk responded, "No I do not. Next question?".
[30]
However, many attributed such accusations to their ignorance about
postmodern literature
, and the literary technique of
intertextuality
which Pamuk almost always uses in his novels in full disclosure.
[
citation needed
]
Personal life
[
edit
]
Pamuk's elder brother
?evket Pamuk
, who sometimes appears as a fictionalized character in his works, is a professor of economics internationally recognised for his work in
economic history
of the
Ottoman Empire
, working at
Bo?azici University
in Istanbul. Pamuk also has a younger half-sister, Humeyra Pamuk, who is a journalist.
On 1 March 1982, Pamuk married historian Aylin Turegun.
[31]
From 1985 to 1988, while she was a graduate student at
Columbia University
, Pamuk assumed the position of visiting scholar there, using the time to conduct research and write his novel
The Black Book
at the university's
Butler Library
. This period also included a
visiting fellowship
at the
University of Iowa
. Pamuk returned to Istanbul, a city to which he is strongly attached.
[32]
In 1991 he and his wife had a daughter, Ruya, whose name means "dream" in Turkish, and to whom his novel
My Name is Red
is dedicated. In 2002, they were divorced.
In 2006, Pamuk returned to the U.S. to take a position as a visiting professor at Columbia, where he was a Fellow with Columbia's Committee on Global Thought and held an appointment in Columbia's Middle East and Asian Languages and Cultures department and at its
School of the Arts
. In the 2007?08 academic year Pamuk returned to Columbia to jointly teach comparative literature classes with
Andreas Huyssen
and David Damrosch. Pamuk was also a writer-in-residence at
Bard College
. In 2009, he was
Harvard
's
Charles Eliot Norton Lecturer
, delivering a series of lectures titled "The Naive and Sentimental Novelist".
Orhan publicly acknowledged his relationship with the writer
Kiran Desai
.
[33]
In January 2011, Turkish-Armenian artist Karolin Fi?ekci told
Hurriyet Daily News
that Pamuk had a two-and-a-half-year relationship with her during the same time (2010?12),
[34]
which Pamuk expressly denied.
[35]
Since 2011 he has been in a relationship with Aslı Akyava?,
[36]
[37]
whom he married in 2022.
[38]
Trial
[
edit
]
In 2005, after Pamuk made a statement about the
Armenian genocide
and mass killings of
Kurds
, a criminal case was opened against him based on a complaint filed by lawyer
Kemal Kerincsiz
.
[8]
The charges were dropped on 22 January 2006. In
Bilecik
, his books were burned in a nationalist rally.
[39]
Pamuk subsequently said his intent was to draw attention to
freedom of speech
issues. Kerincsiz appealed to the Supreme Court of Appeal, which ordered the court in ?i?li to reopen the case. On 27 March 2011, Pamuk was found guilty and ordered to pay 6,000 liras in compensation to five people for, among other things, having insulted their honour.
[9]
Pamuk's statements
[
edit
]
The criminal charges against Pamuk resulted from remarks he made during an interview in February 2005 with the Swiss publication
Das Magazin
, a weekly supplement to a number of Swiss daily newspapers: the
Tages-Anzeiger
, the
Basler Zeitung
, the
Berner Zeitung
and the
Solothurner Tagblatt
.
In the interview, Pamuk said, "Thirty thousand Kurds have been killed here, and a million Armenians. And almost nobody dares to mention that. So I do."
[40]
Turkish historians were divided over the remarks.
[41]
Pamuk said he was consequently subjected to a hate campaign that forced him to flee the country.
[42]
He returned later in 2005 to face the charges against him. In an interview with
BBC News
, he said that he wanted to defend
freedom of speech
, which was Turkey's only hope for coming to terms with its history: "What happened to the Ottoman Armenians in 1915 was a major thing that was hidden from the Turkish nation; it was a taboo. But we have to be able to talk about the past."
[42]
But when CNN TURK asked Pamuk about his speech, he admitted that he said that "Armenians were killed" but he denied that he said "Turks killed Armenians", and estimated the number of deaths as 1 million in that speech.
[43]
Prosecution
[
edit
]
At the time,
Article 301
of the Turkish Penal Code stated: "A person who publicly insults the Republic or Turkish Grand National Assembly, shall be punishable by imprisonment of between six months to three years." Pamuk was charged with violating this law in the interview. In October, after the prosecution had begun, Pamuk reiterated his views in a speech given during an award ceremony in Germany: "I repeat, I said loud and clear that one million Armenians and 30,000 Kurds were killed in Turkey."
[44]
Article 301's old form before 2005 (and also the new form after the amendments in 2008) required that prosecution under the article needs to be approved by the Ministry of Justice. A few minutes after Pamuk's trial started on 16 December, the judge found that this approval had not yet been received and suspended the proceedings. In an interview published in the
Ak?am
newspaper the same day, then Justice Minister
Cemil Cicek
said he had not yet received Pamuk's file but would study it thoroughly once it came.
[45]
On 29 December 2005, Turkish state prosecutors dropped the charge that Pamuk insulted Turkey's armed forces, although the charge of "insulting Turkishness" remained.
[46]
International reaction
[
edit
]
The charges against Pamuk caused an international outcry and led to questions in some circles about Turkey's proposed entry into the
European Union
. On 30 November, the
European Parliament
announced that it would send a delegation of five MEPs led by
Camiel Eurlings
, to observe the trial.
[47]
EU Enlargement Commissioner
Olli Rehn
subsequently stated that the Pamuk case would be a "
litmus test
" of Turkey's commitment to the EU's membership criteria.
On 1 December,
Amnesty International
released a statement calling for Article 301 to be repealed and for Pamuk and six other people awaiting trial under the act to be freed.
[48]
PEN American Center
also denounced the charges against Pamuk, stating: "PEN finds it extraordinary that a state that has ratified both the
United Nations
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
, and the
European Convention on Human Rights
, both of which see freedom of expression as central, should have a Penal Code that includes a clause that is so clearly contrary to these very same principles."
[49]
On 13 December, eight world-renowned authors?
Jose Saramago
,
Gabriel Garcia Marquez
,
Gunter Grass
,
Umberto Eco
,
Carlos Fuentes
,
Juan Goytisolo
,
John Updike
and
Mario Vargas Llosa
?issued a joint statement supporting Pamuk and decrying the charges against him as a violation of
human rights
.
[50]
In 2008, in an open online poll, Pamuk was voted as the fourth most intellectual person in the world on the list of Top 100 Public Intellectuals by
Prospect Magazine
(United Kingdom) and
Foreign Policy
(United States).
[51]
Charges dropped
[
edit
]
On 22 January 2006, Turkey's Justice Ministry refused to issue an approval of the prosecution, saying that they had no authority to open a case against Pamuk under the new penal code.
[52]
With the trial in the local court, it was ruled the next day that the case could not continue without Justice Ministry approval.
[53]
Pamuk's lawyer, Haluk ?nanıcı, subsequently confirmed that the charges had been dropped.
The announcement occurred in a week when the EU was scheduled to begin a review of the Turkish justice system.
[53]
Interplay
[
edit
]
EU enlargement commissioner
Olli Rehn
welcomed the dropping of charges, saying, "This is obviously good news for Mr. Pamuk, but it's also good news for freedom of expression in Turkey".
[54]
But some EU representatives expressed disappointment that the justice ministry had rejected the prosecution on a technicality rather than on principle. An Ankara-based EU diplomat reportedly said, "It is good the case has apparently been dropped, but the justice ministry never took a clear position or gave any sign of trying to defend Pamuk".
[55]
Meanwhile, the lawyer who had led the effort to try Pamuk, Kemal Kerincsiz, said he would appeal the decision, saying, "Orhan Pamuk must be punished for insulting Turkey and Turkishness, it is a grave crime and it should not be left unpunished."
[54]
In 2006, the magazine
Time
listed Pamuk in the cover article "TIME 100: The People Who Shape Our World", in the category "Heroes & Pioneers", for speaking up.
[56]
In April 2006, on the BBC's
HARDtalk
program, Pamuk stated that his remarks regarding the
Armenian genocide
were meant to draw attention to freedom of expression issues in Turkey rather than to the massacres themselves.
[57]
On 19?20 December 2006, a symposium on
Orhan Pamuk and His Work
was held at
Sabancı University
, Istanbul. Pamuk himself gave the closing address.
In January 2008, Turkish authorities arrested 13 ultranationalists, including Kerincsiz, for participating in a Turkish nationalist underground organisation,
Ergenekon
, allegedly conspiring to assassinate political figures, including several Christian missionaries and Armenian intellectual
Hrant Dink
.
[58]
Several reports suggest that Pamuk was among the figures this group plotted to kill.
[59]
[60]
[61]
The police informed Pamuk about the assassination plans eight months before the Ergenekon investigation.
[62]
Awards and honours
[
edit
]
Doctorates,
honoris causa
[
edit
]
Honours
[
edit
]
In 2005, Pamuk received the
€
25,000
Peace Prize of the German Book Trade
for his literary work, in which "Europe and Islamic Turkey find a place for one another." The award presentation was held at
Paul's Church
,
Frankfurt
.
Bibliography
[
edit
]
Novels (English)
[
edit
]
All the novels except
Cevdet Bey and his Sons
have been translated into English.
- The White Castle
, translated by Victoria Holbrook, Manchester (UK): Carcanet Press Limited, 1990; 1991; New York: George Braziller, 1991 [original title:
Beyaz Kale
]. Set in the 17th century with a Preface set in 1985.
- The Black Book
, translated by Guneli Gun, New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1994 [original title:
Kara Kitap
]. (A new translation by
Maureen Freely
was published in 2006). Set in 1980s.
- The New Life
, translated by Guneli Gun, New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1997 [original title:
Yeni Hayat
]. Set in the early 1990s.
- My Name Is Red
, translated by
Erda? M. Goknar
, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2001 [original title:
Benim Adım Kırmızı
]. Set in 1591.
- Snow
, translated by
Maureen Freely
, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2004 [original title:
Kar
]. Set in the early 1990s.
- The Museum of Innocence
, translated by Maureen Freely, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, was released on 20 October 2009 [original title:
Masumiyet Muzesi
]. Set in 1975-84.
- Silent House
, translated by Robert Finn, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2012 [original title:
Sessiz Ev
]. Set in July 1980.
- A Strangeness in My Mind
, translated by Ekin Oklap, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2015 [original title:
Kafamda Bir Tuhaflık
]. Set in 1969-2012.
- The Red-Haired Woman
, translated by Ekin Oklap, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2017 [original title:
Kırmızı saclı kadın
]. Set in 1980.
- Nights of Plague
, translated by Ekin Oklap, London: Faber & Faber, 2022 [original title:
Veba Geceleri
]. Set in 1901 in the fictional island of
Mingheria
.
Untranslated
[
edit
]
- Cevdet Bey ve O?ulları
or
Karanlık ve I?ık
(
Cevdet Bey and his Sons
or
Darkness and Light
) Istanbul: Karacan Yayınları (1982). Set in 1905-70.
Short Story
[
edit
]
- "To Look Out the Window"
in Other Colours: Essays and a Story, translated by Maureen Freely, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2007 [original title:
Oteki Renkler
]. Set in early 1960s.
Non-fiction (English)
[
edit
]
- Istanbul: Memories and the City
, translated by Maureen Freely, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2005 [original title:
?stanbul: Hatıralar ve ?ehir
]
- My Father’s Suitcase [original title: Babamın Bavulu]
Nobel lecture
- Other Colors: Essays and a Story
, translated by Maureen Freely, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2007 [original title:
Oteki Renkler
]
[85]
- The Innocence of Objects
[original title: ?eylerin Masumiyeti]
- The Naive and Sentimental Novelist
, Harvard University Press, 2010
- Balkon
,
Steidl
Publisher, 2018
- Orange
,
Steidl
Publisher, 2020
Turkish
[
edit
]
Novels
[
edit
]
- Cevdet Bey ve O?ulları
(
Cevdet Bey and His Sons
), novel, Istanbul:
Karacan Yayınları
, 1982
- Sessiz Ev
(
Silent House
), novel, Istanbul:
Can Yayınları
, 1983
- Beyaz Kale
(
The White Castle
), novel, Istanbul: Can Yayınları, 1985
- Kara Kitap
(
The Black Book
), novel, Istanbul: Can Yayınları, 1990
- Yeni Hayat
(
The New Life
), novel, Istanbul:
?leti?im Yayınları
, 1994
- Benim Adım Kırmızı
(
My Name is Red
), novel, Istanbul: ?leti?im Yayınları, 1998
- Kar
(
Snow
), novel, Istanbul: ?leti?im Yayınları, 2002
- Masumiyet Muzesi
(
The Museum of Innocence
), novel, Istanbul: ?leti?im Yayınları, 2008
- Kafamda Bir Tuhaflık
(
A Strangeness in My Mind
), novel, Istanbul: Yapı Kredi Publications, 2014
- Kırmızı Saclı Kadın
, (
The Red-Haired Woman
), novel, Yapı Kredi Yayınları, 2016
- Veba Geceleri
(
tr
,): "
Nights of Plague
" (2021)
[86]
- Fathers, Mothers and Sons: Cevdet Bey and Sons; The Silent House; The Red-Haired Woman
("Delta" Omnibus, Novels volume I), Yapı Kredi Yayınları, 2018
Other works
[
edit
]
- Gizli Yuz
(
Secret Face
), screenplay, Istanbul: Can Yayınları, 1992
- Oteki Renkler
(
Other Colours
), essays, Istanbul: ?leti?im Yayınları, 1999
- ?stanbul: Hatıralar ve ?ehir
(
Istanbul: Memories and the City
), memoirs, Istanbul:
Yapı Kredi Yayınları
, 2003
- Babamın Bavulu
(
My Father's Suitcase
), Nobel Soylevi, ?stanbul, ?leti?im Yayınları, 2007
- Manzaradan Parcalar: Hayat, Sokaklar, Edebiyat
(
Pieces from the View: Life, Streets, Literature
), essays, Istanbul: ?leti?im Yayınları, 2010
- Saf ve Du?unceli Romancı
("Naive and Sentimental Novelist") literary criticism, ?stanbul: ?leti?im Yayınları, 2011
- ?eylerin Masumiyeti
(
The Innocence of Objects
), Masumiyet Muzesi Katalo?u, ?leti?im Yayınları 2012
- Resimli ?stanbul - Hatıralar ve ?ehir, memoir, Yapı Kredi Yayınları, 2015
- Hatıraların Masumiyeti
, scripts and essays, Yapı Kredi Yayınları, 2016
- Balkon,
(Introduction and photographs), Yapı Kredi Yayınları, 2018
- Orange
, (Introduction and Photographs), Yapi Kredi Yayınları, 192 pages, 350 images, 2020
- Uzak Da?lar ve Hatıralar
Yapi Kredi Yayınları, selections from personal diary and photographs, 2022
References
[
edit
]
- ^
"Orhan Pamuk pronunciation: How to pronounce Orhan Pamuk in Turkish, Spanish"
.
- ^
Kinzer, Stephen
(15 December 1998).
"A Novelist Sees Dishonor in an Honor From the State"
.
The New York Times
. Retrieved
30 August
2008
.
- ^
"Muzemi bitirdim mutluyum artık". 8 September 2011.
- ^
"En cok kazanan yazar kim?"
.
Sabah
(in Turkish). 1 September 2008
. Retrieved
2 September
2008
.
- ^
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External links
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Interviews
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Awards received by Orhan Pamuk
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1921?1940
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2021?present
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Prix Mediterranee
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Prix Mediterranee Etranger
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Folk
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Medieval and
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Republican era
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International
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