Japanese political party
The
Japan Innovation Party
(
日本維新の?
,
Nippon Ishin no Kai
, Japan Restoration Association)
[b]
is a
conservative
and
right-wing populist
[7]
[8]
political party in Japan
.
[24]
Formed as
Initiatives from Osaka
in October 2015 from a split in the
old Japan Innovation Party
, the party became the third-biggest opposition party in the
National Diet
following the
July 2016 House of Councillors election
.
The party advocates
decentralization
,
[2]
federalism
(
D?sh?sei
)
[
citation needed
]
,
free education
,
[25]
and
limited government
policies.
[8]
Arguing to remove defense spending limits, and standing with the
Liberal Democratic Party
on
revising the constitution
,
[26]
the party gained conservative support during the 2021 general election, primarily in Osaka.
[24]
History
[
edit
]
The party was formed in October 2015 under the name
Initiatives from Osaka
(
おおさか維新の?
,
?saka Ishin no Kai
)
by Osaka governor
Ichir? Matsui
and then-Osaka mayor
T?ru Hashimoto
after they and their supporters left the
Japan Innovation Party
.
[27]
[28]
The Japanese name was the same as the
Osaka Restoration Association
, which was also formed by Hashimoto, but was differentiated by writing "Osaka" in
hiragana
(
おおさか
) rather than in
kanji
(
大阪
).
[27]
The first major election contested by the party was the
July 2016 House of Councillors election
. The party performed well in the Kansai region, winning two of four seats in the
Osaka at-large district
and one of three seats in the
Hyogo at-large district
.
[29]
[30]
In the national PR block the party finished fifth with 5,153,584 votes (9.2%), which meant it won 4 of the 48 seats. The majority of its votes were again centred around Osaka; the party received the most votes in Osaka Prefecture (1,293,626; 34.9%)
[31]
and was second behind the
Liberal Democratic Party
in Hyogo Prefecture (470,526; 19.5%).
[32]
The gain in seats made the party the third-biggest opposition in the
National Diet
.
[33]
However, after the election Matsui said the poor showing outside of Kansai was unacceptable for a national party, and that the party would adopt a new name that did not include the word "Osaka" in an attempt to broaden its nationwide appeal.
[34]
At a meeting on 23 August 2016, the party voted to change its name to Nippon Ishin no Kai
(
日本維新の?
)
but did not announce an official English name.
[33]
In April 2023 the party made significant gains in
local elections
, more than doubling its seat totals in various local assemblies to 124.
[35]
Notably the party also captured the governorship of
Nara prefecture
through its candidate Makoto Yamashita.
[36]
Two weeks later the party's candidate
Yumi Hayashi
took
Wakayama 1st district
in a
by-election
.
[37]
Ideology, platform and policy
[
edit
]
Views on the political position of Nippon Ishin no Kai have been varied. While it has been described as being
neoconservative
,
[38]
and
right-wing populist
by its opponents, the party itself commits to
social liberalism
,
reformism
,
regionalism
and 'self-sustainability' in its party constitution.
[39]
The party supports the amendment of the
Japanese constitution
, including the installation of a
constitutional court
, mandated free education, and increased devolution.
[40]
The party has not made an official stance on either supporting or opposing the amendment to
Article 9 of the Japanese constitution
, which prohibits Japan from possessing an offensive military, however has pledged to partake in debate.
[41]
Economically, the party supports increased economic liberalisation, including deregulation of the labour market and the streamlining of bureaucratic structure
[42]
and optional separate surnames for married couples.
[43]
The party has recently been described as
centrist
and
moderate
, being perceived as such by the voter base, according to recent public opinion polls.
[44]
[45]
The party was also referred to as
libertarian
.
[4]
[5]
The party manifesto for the
2022 Japanese Councillors election
, dubbed "維新八策2022", containing 402 individual policy proposals, and included the following pledges:
[46]
[47]
[48]
- Reform of social insurance and pension system, with the introduction of a
universal basic income
of ¥60,000 per month, with additional supplements for non-coupled elderly.
- Reform of income tax and
social insurance
fees, replacing the current system with a two-tiered income tax.
- Reform of the
social medical insurance system
from age-based subsidy rates to income-based cost subsidies.
- Universal access to free education from preschool to university, written within the constitution.
- Free access to childbirth services through a combination of insurance and voucher system.
- Deregulation of protected industries such as ridesharing, finance and agriculture.
- Legalization of separate surname options for married couples.
- Same-sex marriage legalisation.
- Maintaining current emission reduction targets with implementation of
carbon pricing
schemes.
- Legislating Osaka as the vice-capital of Japan.
- Push for further devolution with merger of prefectures into states (
d?sh?sei
), while allocating the consumption tax as a regional tax.
- Constitutional amendments including: Universal free education, devolution, and the establishment of constitutional courts.
- Maintaining agnate succession of the
Imperial throne
while considering re-royalisation of former Imperial household members.
- Introduction of the "
2:1 rule
", requiring two pieces of regulation to be removed per introduction of any new industrial regulation.
- Deregulation of the workforce, allowing for compensated dismissals.
- Repealing the 1%GDP cap on defence spending, aiming for 2% spending and the establishment of a national intelligence organisation.
- Promotion of free trade, especially within the Asia-pacific region.
- Adding hospital capacity for COVID-19 treatment through controls over privately run hospitals.
- Temporary cuts to reduction rate (a 2% consumption tax discount on consumption tax, such as groceries) on consumption tax rate from 8% down to 3%, to counter inflation.
- 30% reduction in diet members, and a 30% cut in member's compensation.
- Contributions reform prohibiting corporate and organisational donation loopholes to political parties and candidates.
- Establishment of a public documents bureau, digitalisation of all public document, and maintaining edit records through utilisation of
blockchain
technology.
Leadership
[
edit
]
Parliamentary caucus leadership
[
edit
]
(Source:
[49]
)
Party leaders
[
edit
]
No.
|
Name
|
Took office
|
Left office
|
1
|
T?ru Hashimoto
|
2 November 2015
|
12 December 2015
|
2
|
Ichir? Matsui
|
12 December 2015
|
23 August 2016
|
3
|
|
23 August 2016
|
27 November 2021
|
4
|
|
27 November 2021
|
27 August 2022
|
5
|
Nobuyuki Baba
|
27 August 2022
|
Present
|
Election results
[
edit
]
House of Representatives
[
edit
]
Election
|
Leader
|
Constituency
|
Party list
|
Total
|
Position
|
Status
|
Votes
|
%
|
Seats
|
+/-
|
Votes
|
%
|
Seats
|
+/-
|
Seats
|
+/-
|
2017
|
Ichir? Matsui
|
1,765,053
|
3.18
|
|
new
|
3,387,097
|
6.07
|
|
new
|
|
new
|
6th
|
Opposition
|
2021
|
4,802,793
|
8.36
|
|
13
|
8,050,830
|
14.0
|
|
17
|
|
30
|
3rd
|
Opposition
|
House of Councillors
[
edit
]
Election
|
Leader
|
Constituency
|
Party list
|
Seats
|
Position
|
Status
|
Votes
|
%
|
Seats
|
+/-
|
Votes
|
%
|
Seats
|
+/-
|
Won
|
+/-
|
Total
|
+/-
|
2016
|
Ichir? Matsui
|
3,303,419
|
5.84
|
|
new
|
5,153,584
|
9.20
|
|
new
|
|
new
|
|
7
|
5th
|
Opposition
|
2019
|
3,664,530
|
7.28
|
|
new
|
4,907,844
|
9.80
|
|
new
|
|
new
|
|
4
|
4th
|
Opposition
|
2022
|
5,533,657
|
10.41
|
|
2
|
7,845,985
|
14.79
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
5
|
4th
|
Opposition
|
Notes
[
edit
]
- ^
Almost all major media outlets in
South Korea
have accused JIP of being "far-right" (極右).
[16]
[17]
[18]
- ^
Stated as Nippon Ishin (Japan Innovation Party) on its website's copyright notice.
References
[
edit
]
- ^
Nippon Ishin no Kai (8 September 2016).
機?紙 日本維新 Vol.05 ? 松井一?
(PDF)
(in Japanese)
. Retrieved
27 July
2019
.
- ^
a
b
Park, Ju-min; Takenaka, Kiyoshi (1 November 2021).
"Dark horse right-wing party emerges as third-largest in Japan lower house"
.
Reuters
. Retrieved
4 November
2021
.
... The conservative Japan Innovation Party (JIP), which almost quadrupled its haul to 41 seats in the 465-seat legislature, ended up the election's biggest winner, overtaking even the Komeito party, the LDP's coalition partner. ... The right-wing JIP has been seen as a possible ally for the LDP's push to revise the constitution. But it has also called for deregulation, tax cuts and decentralisation of authority to help trigger growth ...
- ^
"Future of constitutional revision debate hangs in balance in Japan upper house poll"
.
Mainichi Daily News
.
Mainichi Shimbun
. 5 July 2019
. Retrieved
21 February
2020
.
Prime Minister Abe is approaching conservative opposition Nippon Ishin (Japan Innovation Party) and even the Democratic Party For the People (DPFP) to win their support for constitutional revisions.
- ^
a
b
"Japan's ruling LDP secures sole majority in lower house election"
.
Nikkei Asia
. 10 July 2022
. Retrieved
1 November
2021
.
One of the opposition parties that benefited from the LDP's loss of seats is Nippon Ishin no Kai, or Japan Innovation Party, a libertarian group with roots in Osaka. The party's presence could triple from 10 before the election. It is likely to surpass Komeito to become the third-largest party.
- ^
a
b
"Japan's Ruling LDP Wins Outright Majority in General Election"
.
The Diplomat
. Retrieved
5 April
2023
.
- ^
Johnston, Eric (23 August 2016).
"In bid to go national, Osaka Ishin no Kai changes its name"
.
The Japan Times
. Retrieved
29 April
2024
.
- ^
a
b
"Japan's ruling conservatives have been returned to power, but amid voter frustration, challenges lurk for Kishida"
.
The Conversation
. 1 November 2021
. Retrieved
13 November
2021
.
The biggest gains were made by the populist Japan Innovation Party (JIP), which boosted its numbers from 11 to 41 seats.
- ^
a
b
c
"Political factors and limitations that made the Abe administration the longest ever"
(in Japanese). Newsweek Japan. 21 November 2019
. Retrieved
21 February
2020
.
一方で、日本維新の?は小さな政府論に右派的なポピュリズムを加えた政?ですが... (On the other hand, the Japan Innovation Party is a political party that has added right-wing populism to its small government theory ...)
- ^
"Right-wing populist party makes biggest gains in Japanese elections"
.
Independent.ie
. 2 November 2021
. Retrieved
10 January
2024
.
- ^
"安倍政?を?代最長にした政治的要因と、その限界"
.
Newsweek日本版
(in Japanese). 21 November 2019
. Retrieved
29 April
2024
.
- ^
McCurry, Justin (1 November 2021).
"Japan election: rightwing populists sweep vote in Osaka"
.
The Guardian
.
ISSN
0261-3077
. Retrieved
29 April
2024
.
- ^
Eric Johnston (6 September 2023).
"Nippon Ishin's political path in focus amid differing party views"
.
The Japan Times
. Retrieved
6 September
2023
.
...the center-right party largely concentrated in the Kansai region is polling well against other opposition parties...
- ^
Jio Kamata (18 June 2022).
"The Struggles of the Nippon Ishin no Kai"
.
The Diplomat
. Retrieved
18 June
2022
.
The center-right populist party saw marked success in last year's election, but its support base remains limited at the national level.
- ^
日本に定着するか、政?のカラ?
[Will the colors of political parties settle in Japan?] (in Japanese).
Nikkei, Inc.
21 October 2017
. Retrieved
29 May
2020
.
- ^
"日本維新の? 統一地方選?2023"
[Japan Innovation Party Unified Local Elections 2023].
o-ishin.jp
(in Japanese)
. Retrieved
15 April
2023
.
- ^
"慰安婦 擁護한
極右
正當…日'改憲 불쏘시개'로 急浮上할까"
.
서울新聞
(in Korean). 8 November 2021
. Retrieved
19 March
2023
.
- ^
"日地方選擧 極右政黨 '日本維新回' 躍進"
.
東亞日報
(in Korean). 11 April 2023
. Retrieved
27 April
2023
.
- ^
"日本 自民黨 '1强' 굳히기...'극우' 維新會 乘勝長驅, 存在感 사라진 日本 左派政黨"
.
京鄕新聞
(in Korean). 24 April 2023
. Retrieved
27 April
2023
.
- ^
INC, SANKEI DIGITAL (1 November 2021).
"維新は「?硬右翼」 衆院選めぐり韓?紙"
.
産?ニュ?ス
(in Japanese)
. Retrieved
1 November
2021
.
- ^
"日本の?選?、本?の勝者は?硬右翼「日本維新の?」…第3?に躍進"
.
中央日報 ? 韓?の最新ニュ?スを日本語でサ?ビスします
(in Japanese)
. Retrieved
1 November
2021
.
- ^
"大阪市民はなぜ「慰安婦を否定」する政?に?呼したのか=韓?報道(WoW!Korea)"
.
Yahoo!ニュ?ス
(in Japanese)
. Retrieved
8 November
2021
.
- ^
大濱崎卓?.
"日本維新の?は、左派なのか右派なのかそれとも中道なのか"
.
Yahoo!ニュ?ス
.
- ^
"「中道」の日本維新の?と?民民主?が令和の政治で目指すもの~2022年展望"
. 朝日新聞. 25 January 2023
. Retrieved
25 January
2023
.
- ^
a
b
"Japan election: rightwing populists sweep vote in Osaka"
.
the Guardian
. 1 November 2021
. Retrieved
2 November
2021
.
- ^
"【?院選】?首に聞く 日本維新の??松井一?代表「憲法改正で?育無償化」"
[[House of Councillors election] Ichiro Matsui, Leader of the Japan Innovation Party: "Free education through constitutional amendment"].
Sankei Shimbun
(in Japanese). 12 July 2019
. Retrieved
17 April
2020
.
- ^
"Upstart Japanese Right-Wing Party Surprises With Big Election Gains"
.
Bloomberg.com
. 1 November 2021
. Retrieved
2 November
2021
.
- ^
a
b
"Osaka Mayor Toru Hashimoto's new party debuts"
.
Japan Times
. 31 October 2015
. Retrieved
4 November
2015
.
- ^
"Abe meets ex-Osaka Mayor Hashimoto on heels of resignation"
. Nikkei Asian Review. 20 December 2015. Archived from
the original
on 24 December 2015
. Retrieved
22 December
2015
.
- ^
開票結果?速報(選???大阪府)【?議院選?2016】
[Results (Osaka District) [House of Councillors Election 2016]].
Yomiuri Shimbun
(in Japanese)
. Retrieved
21 July
2016
.
- ^
開票結果?速報(選???兵庫?)【?議院選?2016】
[Results (Hyogo District) [House of Councillors Election 2016]].
Yomiuri Shimbun
(in Japanese)
. Retrieved
21 July
2016
.
- ^
比例代表選出議員選? 政?等別得票?(大阪府計)
[National Block Election ? Votes by Party (Osaka Prefecture Total)] (in Japanese). Osaka Prefecture Electoral Commission. 11 July 2016
. Retrieved
21 July
2016
.
- ^
?議院比例代表選出議員選? 開票結果(?括表)
[House of Councillors National Block Election Results (Compilation Table)]
(PDF)
(in Japanese). Hyogo Prefecture Electoral Commission. 11 July 2016. p. 1
. Retrieved
21 July
2016
.
[
permanent dead link
]
- ^
a
b
Johnston, Eric (23 August 2016).
"In bid to go national, Osaka Ishin no Kai changes its name"
.
Japan Times
. Retrieved
1 September
2016
.
- ^
"Osaka Ishin to drop 'Osaka' from name in bid to boost appeal, taps Watanabe as deputy"
.
Japan Times
. 13 July 2016
. Retrieved
21 July
2016
.
- ^
日本放送協?.
"奈良?知事選 統一地方選?2023 | NHK選?WEB"
.
www.nhk.or.jp
(in Japanese)
. Retrieved
24 April
2023
.
- ^
Japan Today
24th April 2023
LDP
wins 4 of 5 Diet by elections
- ^
Johnston, Eric (24 April 2023).
"Kishida rules out snap poll after LDP wins big in Sunday by-elections"
.
The Japan Times
. Retrieved
24 April
2023
.
- ^
Chung, Erin Aeran (2019). "Japan's Model of Immigration Without Immigrants".
Current History
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118
(809): 215?221.
doi
:
10.1525/curh.2019.118.809.215
.
JSTOR
48614455
.
S2CID
219979892
.
- ^
"綱領?基本方針|日本維新の?について|日本維新の?"
.
日本維新の?
. Retrieved
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.
- ^
"憲法改正への取り組み|政策|日本維新の?"
.
日本維新の?
. Retrieved
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.
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"9?改憲の是非、???部や野?勢力の間でも?度差<公約点?>:東京新聞 TOKYO Web"
.
東京新聞 TOKYO Web
(in Japanese)
. Retrieved
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.
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"徹底した行革|政策|日本維新の?"
.
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. Retrieved
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.
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"選?的夫婦別姓、性的少?者の差別解消…政?で違い鮮明に<公約点?>:東京新聞 TOKYO Web"
.
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(in Japanese)
. Retrieved
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.
- ^
"日本維新の?は、左派なのか右派なのかそれとも中道なのか(大濱崎卓?) ? 個人"
.
Yahoo!ニュ?ス
(in Japanese)
. Retrieved
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.
- ^
Company, The Asahi Shimbun.
"「中道」の日本維新の?と?民民主?が令和の政治で目指すもの~2022年展望 ? 吉田貴文|論座 ? 朝日新聞社の言論サイト"
.
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.
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(in Japanese)
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"政策|日本維新の?"
.
日本維新の?
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(PDF)
.
日本維新の?
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- ^
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.
Twitter
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2022
.
External links
[
edit
]
|
---|
Leaders
| |
---|
Preceding parties
| |
---|
Italics
denote acting leader.
|
|
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|
Officially recognized
political parties
| |
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Political organizations with
seats in the
National Diet
| |
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|