1982 American stage musical
Nine
is a
musical
initiated by and with music and lyrics by
Maury Yeston
and a book by
Arthur Kopit
. It is based on the 1963 film
8½
.
The show tells the story of
film director
Guido Contini, who is dreading his imminent 40th birthday and facing a
midlife crisis
, which is blocking his creative impulses and entangling him in a web of romantic difficulties in early-1960s
Venice
.
Conceived and written and composed by Yeston as a class project in the
BMI Lehman Engel Musical Theatre Workshop
in 1973, it was later adapted with a book by Mario Fratti, and then with another a book by
Arthur Kopit
. The original
Broadway
production opened in 1982 and ran for 729 performances, starring
Raul Julia
. The musical won five
Tony Awards
, including
Best Musical
, and has enjoyed a number of revivals.
A
film adaptation
was released in 2009.
Plot
[
edit
]
Guido Contini, a famous Italian film director, has turned forty and faces double crises: he has to shoot a film for which he can't write the script, and his wife of twenty years, the film star Luisa del Forno, may be about to leave him if he can't pay more attention to the marriage. As it turns out, it is the same crisis.
Luisa's efforts to talk to him seem to be drowned out by voices in his head: voices of women in his life, speaking through the walls of his memory, insistent, flirtatious, irresistible, potent. Women speaking beyond words
(Overture delle Donne)
. And these are the women Guido has loved, and from whom he has derived the entire vitality of a creative life, now as stalled as his marriage.
In an attempt to find some peace and save the marriage, they go to a spa near Venice
(Spa Music)
, where they are immediately hunted down by the press with intrusive questions about the marriage and?something Guido had not told Luisa about?his imminent film project
(Not Since Chaplin).
As Guido struggles to find a story for his film, he becomes increasingly preoccupied?his interior world sometimes becoming indistinguishable from the objective world
(Guido's Song)
. His mistress Carla arrives in Venice, calling him from her lonely hotel room
(A Call from the Vatican)
, his producer Liliane La Fleur, former
vedette
of the Folies Bergeres, insists he make a musical, an idea which itself veers off into a feminine fantasy of extraordinary vividness
(The Script/Folies Bergeres).
And all the while, Luisa watches, the resilience of her love being consumed by anxiety for him and a gathering dismay for their lives together
(My Husband Makes Movies / Only With You).
Guido's fugitive imagination, clutching at women like straws, eventually plunges through the floor of the present and into his own past where he encounters his mother, bathing a nine-year-old boy?the young Guido himself
(Nine)
. The vision leads him to re-encounter a glorious moment on a beach with Saraghina, the prostitute and outcast to whom he went as a curious child, creeping out of his Catholic boarding school St. Sebastian, to ask her to tell him about love. Her answer, be yourself
(Ti Voglio Bene / Be Italian)
, and the dance she taught him on the sand echoes down to the forty-year-old Guido as a talisman and a terrible reminder of the consequences of that night?punishment by the nuns and rejection by his appalled mother
(The Bells of St. Sebastian)
. Unable to bear the incomprehensible dread of the adults, the little boy runs back to the beach to find nothing but the sand and the wind?an image of the vanishing nature of love, and the cause of Guido Contini's artistry and unanchored peril: a fugitive heart.
Back into the present, Guido is on a beach once more. With him, Claudia Nardi, a film star, muse of his greatest successes, who has flown from Paris because he needs her, but this time she does not want the role. He cannot fathom the rejection. He is enraged. He fails to understand that Claudia loves him, too, but wants him to love her as a woman 'not a spirit'?and he realizes too late that this was the real reason that she came?in order to know, and now she does. He cannot love her that way. She is in some way released to love him for what he is, and never to hope for him again. Wryly she calls him
"My charming Casanova!"
thereby involuntarily giving Guido the very inspiration he needs and for which has always looked to her. As Claudia lets him go with
"Unusual Way,"
Guido grasps the last straw of all?a desperate, inspired movie?a 'spectacular in the vernacular'?set on
"The Grand Canal"
and cast with every woman in his life.
The improvised movie is a spectacular collision between his real life and his creative one?a film that is as self-lacerating as it is cruel, during which Carla races onto the set to announce her divorce and her delight that they can be married only to be brutally rejected by Guido in his desperate fixation with the next set-up, and which climaxes with Luisa, appalled and moved by his use of their intimacy?and even her words?as a source for the film, finally detonating with sadness and rage. Guido keeps the cameras rolling, capturing a scene of utter desolation?the women he loves, and Luisa whom he loves above all, littered like smashed porcelain across the frame of his hopelessly beautiful failure of a film.
"Cut. Print!"
The film is dead. The cast leaves. They all leave. Carla, with
"Simple"
?words from the articulate broken heart, Claudia with a letter from Paris to say that she has married, and Luisa in a shattering exit from a marriage that has, as she says, been 'all of me'
(Be On Your Own)
.
Guido is alone.
"I Can't Make This Movie"
ascends into the scream of "Guido out in space with no direction,' and he contemplates suicide. But, as the gun is at his head, there is a final life-saving interruption?from his nine-year-old self
(Getting Tall)
, in which the young Guido points out it is time to move on. To grow up. And Guido surrenders the gun. As the women return in a reprise of the Overture
(Reprises)
, but this time to let him go, only one is absent: Luisa. Guido feels the aching void left by the only woman he will ever love. In the 2003 Broadway production, as the boy led the women off into his own future to the strains of
"Be Italian"
, Luisa steps into the room on the final note, and Guido turned toward her?this time ready to listen.
Productions
[
edit
]
Workshop
[
edit
]
Originally conceived as a male/female cast, many of the changes into a mostly all women cast were created in a workshop that rehearsed in the upstairs theatre at the
New Amsterdam Theatre
in the Fall of 1981. For their participation, the workshop cast was given a small percentage of the show for a limited amount of time. Kathi Moss was the only cast member of the original Broadway cast that did not participate in the workshop (
Pat Ast
played the role of Saraghina in the workshop).
Original Broadway production
[
edit
]
After nineteen previews, the
Broadway
production, directed by
Tommy Tune
and
choreographed
by
Thommie Walsh
, opened on May 9, 1982, at the
46th Street Theatre
, where it ran for 729 performances. The cast included
Raul Julia
as Guido,
Karen Akers
as Luisa,
Liliane Montevecchi
as Liliane,
Anita Morris
as Carla,
Shelly Burch
as Claudia,
Camille Saviola
as Mama Maddelena, Kathi Moss as Saraghina, Cameron Johann as Young Guido, and
Taina Elg
as Guido's mother. Rounding out the cast were Christopher Evans Allen, Jeanie Bowers, Stephanie Cotsirilos, Kim Criswell, Kate DeZina, Colleen Dodson, Lulu Downs, Louise Edeiken, Laura Kenyon, Linda Kerns, Nancy McCall, Cynthia Meryl, Rita Rehn, Dee Etta Rowe, Jadrien Steele, Frankie Vincent, Patrick Wilcox, Alaina Warren Zachary. Raul Julia played Guido for one year, from May 9, 1982, to May 8, 1983. (
Bert Convy
replaced Julia while he was on vacation for two weeks, beginning January 10, 1983.)
Sergio Franchi
starred as Guido for 330 performances, from May 9, 1983, to February 4, 1984, the date the production closed; composer
Maury Yeston
added a Franchi-style ballad, "Now Is the Moment," to the lovely Italian-sounding score.
[1]
Other replacements were
Maureen McGovern
and then Eileen Barnett as Luisa,
Wanda Richert
as Carla,
Priscilla Lopez
as Liliane, and
Barbara Stock
as Claudia. Once the original boys reached the required height for their roles, they were replaced by Derek Scott Lashine as Little Guido, Jeffrey Vitelli (also the understudy for Little Guido),
Braden Danner
, and Peter Brendon. The musical won five Tony Awards, including best musical and three
Drama Desk Awards
, including Best Music, Best Lyrics, and Best Musical. An
original cast recording
was released by
Sony
and was nominated for a Grammy Award.
National tour
[
edit
]
The original plans were for the Broadway show to continue even as the National tour commenced. However the new producers (
James Nederlander
and
Zev Buffman
) made the right offer for the road show, and the Broadway production was closed so that the whole Broadway cast could go on the road with
Sergio Franchi
as the headliner.
[2]
Nineteen cities were originally planned, but several venue changes were made during the tour. The most prominent was the canceling of a
Baton Rouge
venue so that show could serve for the Grand Opening of the
Los Angeles Civic Light Opera
season. This was to accommodate the cancellation of
On Your Toes
after
Leslie Caron
(the star) was hospitalized due to a hip injury.
[3]
When the decision was made to close the road show after the San Francisco shows, Louisiana fans were upset that an alternate date had not been created for them. (Sergio Franchi was extremely popular in Louisiana.)
[4]
The reviews were generally very favorable, although a DC reviewer lamented some production changes (although admitting that they had not viewed the original Broadway production).
[5]
The production venue was changed from a spa to a railroad station, principally to accommodate the volume of scenery that needed to be transported from location to location.
[6]
The other change lamented in DC was the lighting. One review of the Florida production acknowledged that the grey railroad station with light-studded arches may have been "even more surreal than its creators may have intended."
[7]
In contrast, the San Diego reviewer expressed admiration for Marcia Madeira's "flattering light design" and declared "Nine" to be "wonderful to watch."
[8]
- 1984 "Nine" ? The National tour ?
Sergio Franchi
starring as Guido Contini (although not a complete list, the following references were found):
- Washington, DC ? Kennedy Center Opera House ? April 4, 1984 through April 21, 1984
[9]
- Miami Beach, FL ? Miami Beach Theater of Performing Arts ? May 4, 1984 through May 17, 1984
[10]
- Los Angeles ? Dorothy Chandler Pavilion Music Center - May 23, 1984 through June 1, 1984
[11]
- Dallas, TX ? Majestic Theater ? June 5, 1984 through June 17, 1984
[12]
- San Diego, CA - Fox Theater - July 2, 1984 through July 7, 1984
[8]
- Seattle, WA - 5th Avenue Theater - July 10, 1984 through July 15, 1984
[13]
- San Francisco, CA - Week of August 24, 1984
[4]
London productions
[
edit
]
On June 7, 1992, the largest production of
Nine
to date was presented in concert in
London
at
Royal Festival Hall
with
Jonathan Pryce
, Becky Norman, Elizabeth Sastre,
Ann Crumb
,
Kate Copstick
, and
Liliane Montevecchi
. 165 people were in the cast, including male characters, as originally conceived. The production was directed by
Andrew MacBean
and a recording of the concert (with
Elaine Paige
stepping in as Claudia) was released by
RCA Victor
.
On December 12, 1996, a small-scale production directed by
David Leveaux
and choreographed by
Jonathan Butterell
opened at the
Donmar Warehouse
, where it ran for three months. Performers included
Larry Lamb
(Guido Contini), Ian Covington (Young Guido),
Sara Kestelman
(Liliane La Fleur),
Clare Burt
(Carla),
Eleanor David
(Claudia), Susannah Fellows (Luisa),
Jenny Galloway
(Saraghina), Ria Jones (Stephanie Necrophorus),
Dilys Laye
(Guido's Mother), Kiran Hocking (Our Lady of the Spa). Other cast members included Emma Dears, Kristin Marks, Tessa Pritchard,
Sarah Parish
, Norma Atallah and Susie Dumbreck.
[14]
It was designed by
Anthony Ward
.
[15]
Broadway revival
[
edit
]
In 2003, the
Roundabout Theatre Company
produced a Broadway revival with director Leveaux and choreographer Butterell. It opened on April 10, 2003, at the
Eugene O'Neill Theatre
, where it ran for 283 performances and 23 previews and won two Tony Awards, including
Best Revival of a Musical
. The cast included
Antonio Banderas
as Guido,
Mary Stuart Masterson
as Luisa,
Chita Rivera
as Liliane (all receiving Tony Award nominations),
Jane Krakowski
as Carla (winning the Tony),
Laura Benanti
as Claudia, and
Mary Beth Peil
as Guido's mother. Replacements later in the run included
John Stamos
as Guido,
Eartha Kitt
as Liliane,
Rebecca Luker
as Claudia, and
Marni Nixon
as Guido's mother. Yeston replaced a waltz dance from the original Folies Bergere number with a showstopping Tango Duet for Banderas and Rivera, a revival cast recording was released by
PS Classics
.
Jenna Elfman
was hired and advertised to join the cast as Carla at the same time that Stamos and Kitt were joining the production. A few days before the opening it was announced she needed more rehearsal time and that her understudy
Sara Gettelfinger
would take over temporarily.
[16]
Elfman never did join the company and Gettelfinger played the rest of the run.
International productions
[
edit
]
The European premiere of
Nine
opened in
Sweden
, at the
Oscarsteatern
,
Stockholm
, September 23, 1983, with
Ernst-Hugo Jaregard
(Guido),
Siw Malmkvist
(Luisa), Viveka Anderberg (Claudia), Suzanne Brenning (Carla), Anna Sundqvist (Saraghina), Berit Carlberg (Liliane La Fleur), Helena Fernell (Stephanie), Maj Lindstrom (Guido's Mother), Moa Myren (Lady of the Spa),
Ewa Roos
(Mama Maddalena), Lena Nordin
[17]
(Maria). Other cast members included Monica Janner, Marit Selfjord, Berit Bogg, Ragnhild Sjogren, Solgard Kjellgren, Ann-Christine Bengtsson, Siw Marie Andersson, Anna Maria Soderstrom, Susanne Sahlberg, Vivian Burman, Hanne Kirkerud, Susie Sulocki, Annika Persson, Charlotte Assarsson, Anna-Lena Engstrom, and Kim Sulocki (Guido as a child).
The Australian premiere of
Nine
was staged in
Melbourne
at the
Comedy Theatre
in 1987.
John Diedrich
produced, directed and starred as Guido Contini. As Luisa Contini,
Maria Mercedes
's portrayal received critical acclaim and nominations for
Best Actress in a Musical
at the Melbourne
Green Room Awards
and the Sydney Theatre Critics Circle Awards .
Maury Yeston
after attending the Sydney opening night proclaimed that
Maria Mercedes
was the definitive Luisa Contini. The cast also included a young
Tina Arena
, the Australian singer, songwriter and actress who went on to have an international recording and performing career. Other cast members included
Nancye Hayes
(as Liliane La Fleur),
Peta Toppano
as Claudia,
Caroline Gillmer
as Sarragina, Jackie Rees,
Gerda Nicholson
, Kerry Woods, Anna Lee, Sally Anne Bourne, Alana Clark, Sally Clark,
Alison Jiear
, Donna Lizzio, Cammie Munro, Marie-Jackson, Sharon Jessop, Alix Longman, Lisa O'Dea, Anne Sinclair, Janice Torrens, Penny Richards, and Mimi Rubin. A cast recording of the Australian production was recorded for Polydor and later released on CD by the TER record label. It won the
ARIA Award for Best Original Soundtrack or Cast Album
.
The Argentinian premiere of
Nine
(1998) won several ACE Awards including
Mejor Musical
. Performers included
Juan Darthes
(as Guido),
Elena Roger
, Ligia Piro, Luz Kerz, Sandra Ballesteros and Mirta Wons.
The musical premiered in
Germany
at the
Theater des Westens
in 1999 in
Berlin
.
[18]
The musical played in Malmo, Sweden at
Malmo Opera
in 2002 with Jan Kyhle (Guido),
Marie Richardson
(Luisa),
Sharon Dyall
(Claudia),
Petra Nielsen
(Carla), Marianne Morck (Sarraghina),
Lill Lindfors
(Liliane La Fleur),
Annica Edstam
(Stephanie), Victoria Kahn (Gudio's Mother).
A Dutch production of
Nine
opened in an open-air theatre in
Amersfoort
in June 2005. Directed by Julia Bless, the production starred Rene van Zinnicq Bergmann, Frederique Sluyterman van Loo, Marleen van der Loo, Kirsten Cools, Tine Joustra, Veronique Sodano, Aafke van der Meij and Donna Vrijhof. The Dutch translation was by Theo Nijland.
The original Japanese production premiered in
Tokyo
in 2005 with
Tetsuya Bessho
as Guido Contini and Mizuki ?ura as Liliane La Fleur. In 2021 the Umeda Arts 2021 production in Tokyo and Osaka
Nine
won Japan's Yomiuri Theatre Award for Best Musical, Best Leading Actor: Yu Shirota, and Best Director: Shuntaro Fujita.
The musical premiered in
San Juan, Puerto Rico
in the fall of 2010 with Ernesto Concepcion (Guido), Sara Jarque (Luisa), Wanda Sais (Carla),
Marian Pabon
(Lilliane Le Fleur), Tita Guerrero (Lina Darling), Michelle Brava (Claudia), Aidita Encarnacion (Saraghina), Yezmin Luzzed (Stephanie), and Hilda Ramos (Mamma).
[19]
The production was directed by Miguel Rosa who previously directed the Puerto Rico premiere of
Rent
in 2009.
The
Phoenix Theatre
in
Arizona
revived
Nine
in the spring of 2011, starring Craig Laurie (Guido), Patti Davis Suarez (Mother), Jeannie Shubitz (Luisa),
Kim Manning
(Liliane), Jenny Hintze (Claudia), and Johanna Carlisle (Saraghina).
[20]
The musical premiered in
Manila
, the
Philippines
, in September 2012, produced by Atlantis Productions. Jett Pangan (Guido) alongside an all-star cast of women, scenic design by Tony Award-winning
David Gallo
and costume design by Robin Tomas.
[21]
The musical premiered in the
Czech Republic
, at the
Josef Kajetan Tyl Theatre
in
Pilsen
in December 2012.
The Greek production opened in Pantheon Theatre in
Athens
in November 2015, starring
Vassilis Charalampopoulos
as Guido,
Helena Paparizou
as Saraghina.
[22]
The musical premiered in
Brazil
, at Teatro Porto Seguro, in
Sao Paulo
,
[23]
directed by
Charles Moeller
and
Claudio Botelho
, starring Italian actor Nicola Lama as Guido, Carol Castro as Luisa,
Totia Meireles
as Lili la Fleur, Malu Rodrigues (Carla), Karen Junqueira and Vanessa Costa alternating as Claudia,
Leticia Birkheuer
(Stephanie),
Beatriz Segall
and Sonia Clara alternating as Guido's mother and Myra Ruiz (Saraghina).
[24]
A Spanish production premiered on June 7, 2018, at the Teatro Amaya in
Madrid
, with a cast formed by Alvaro Puertas (Guido), Roko (Luisa), Patrizia Ruiz (Claudia),
Chanel Terrero
(Carla), Marcela Paoli (Liliane Le Fleur), Idaira Fernandez (Saraghina), Chus Herranz (Stephanie), and Angels Jimenez (Guido's Mother).
[25]
Musical numbers
[
edit
]
- Act I
- "Overture Delle Donne" ? Company
- "Not Since Chaplin" ? Company
- "Guido's Song" ? Guido
- "Not Since Chaplin - Reprise" ? Company
- "The Germans at the Spa" ? Maddelena, Italians and Germans
- "Not Since Chaplin - Reprise" ? Company
- "My Husband Makes Movies" ? Luisa
- "A Call from the Vatican" ? Carla
- "Only with You" ? Guido
- "The Script" ? Guido
- "Folies Bergeres" ? Lilli, Stephanie and Company
- "Nine" ? Guido's Mother and Company
- "Ti Voglio Bene/Be Italian" ? Saraghina, Boys and Company
- "The Bells of St. Sebastian" ? Guido and Company
|
- Act II
- "A Man Like You/Unusual Way/Duet" ? Claudia and Guido
- "The Grand Canal"
(Every Girl in Venice/Amor/Only You)
? Guido and Company
- "Simple" ? Carla
- "Be On Your Own" ? Luisa
- "Not Since Chaplin ? Reprise" ? Company
- "I Can't Make This Movie" ? Guido
- "Getting Tall" ? Young Guido
- "Long Ago/Nine - Reprise" ? Guido, Young Guido and Luisa
|
- Maury Yeston added a new number, "Now is the Moment", for Sergio Franchi.
- The 2003 revival eliminated "The Germans at the Spa".
Background
[
edit
]
Maury Yeston
began work on the musical in 1973.
[26]
As a teenager, he had seen the
Federico Fellini
film
8½
and was intrigued by its themes. "I looked at the screen and said 'That's me.' I still believed in all the dreams and ideals of what it was to be an artist, and here was a movie about an artist in trouble. It became an obsession," Yeston told the
New York Times
.
[27]
He would go on to say "
Nine
was the thing I really desperately wanted to write?never thinking for a minute that it would ever be produced. The movie had a phenomenal impact on me when I saw it as a teenager when it first came out. I was fascinated with Guido who was going through a second adolescence when I was going through my first! As I grew I began to realize that there was room to explore the reactions of the inner workings of the women in Guido’s wake. I think that’s what opened the gateways of creativity for
Nine
?to hear from these extraordinary women. The great secret of
Nine
is that it took
8 1/2
and became an essay on the power of women by answering the question, “What are women to men?” And
Nine
tells you: they are our mothers, our sisters, our teachers, our temptresses, our judges, our nurses, our wives, our mistresses, our muses."
[28]
Playwright
Mario Fratti
began working on the book of the musical in 1977, but the producers and director
Tommy Tune
eventually decided his script did not work, and brought in
Arthur Kopit
in 1981 to write an entirely new book, working (as Fratti had) with Yeston as composer/lyricist, but now using Yeston's music, and Fellini's film, as the source. Kopit's new book, along with Yeston's now completed score, became the script produced on Broadway in 1982.
Fellini had entitled his film
8½
in recognition of his prior body of work, which included six full-length films, two short films, and one film that he co-directed. Yeston's title for the musical adaptation adds another half-credit to Fellini's output and refers to Guido's age during his first hallucination sequence. Yeston called the musical
Nine
, explaining that if you add music to
8½
, "it's like half a number more."
[27]
Casting
[
edit
]
Awards and nominations
[
edit
]
Original Broadway production
[
edit
]
Original London production
[
edit
]
2003 Broadway revival
[
edit
]
Film adaptation
[
edit
]
On April 12, 2007,
Variety
announced that
Rob Marshall
would direct a feature film adaptation of
Nine
for
the Weinstein Company
. Marshall had previously directed
Chicago
for the Weinsteins while they were still at
Miramax
. The screenplay is written by
Anthony Minghella
with
Michael Tolkin
serving as an uncredited co-scripter. The cast consists of
Academy Award
winners
Daniel Day-Lewis
,
Marion Cotillard
,
Penelope Cruz
,
Judi Dench
,
Nicole Kidman
, and
Sophia Loren
, with
Academy Award
nominee and
Golden Globe
winner
Kate Hudson
and
Grammy
winning singer
Fergie
.
[29]
Among other cast changes in the film version, the character of Mama Maddelena does not appear, and Claudia's surname was changed from Nardi to Jenssen. The script makes Guido 50 (Day-Lewis's actual age), not 40 as in the stage original. The film's final coda is more hopeful and optimistic than the stage version. In addition, director Marshall cut most of the original production's score, with only "Overture delle Donne," "Guido's Song," "A Call from the Vatican," "Folies Bergeres," "Be Italian," "My Husband Makes Movies," "Unusual Way," and an extended version of "I Can't Make This Movie" making it into the final edit of the film. Composer Maury Yeston wrote three new songs for the movie including "Cinema Italiano," "Guarda la Luna" to replace the title song, and "Take It All" in place of "Be On Your Own," as well as the instrumental concluding the film. The film is co-produced by Marshall's own production company Lucamar Productions. The film was released in the US on December 18, 2009, in New York and Los Angeles and opened for wide release on December 25, 2009.
References
[
edit
]
- ^
Arnold, Christine. "Franchi: Italian to the 'Nine.'" (May 21, 1984).
Los Angeles Times
- ^
Foil, David. (January 25, 1984). "En Harde / Notes from all over."
The Advocate (Louisiana)
,
Baton Rouge, LA
- ^
"'On Your Toes' Cancelled." (April 26, 1984).
Los Angeles Times
- ^
a
b
No headline. (August 24, 1984).
The Advocate (Louisiana)
,
Baton Rouge, LA
- ^
"'Nine': Fellini Sans Feeling." (April 13, 1984).
The Washington Post
,
Washington, DC
- ^
Sheward, David. (1994).
It's a Hit! The Backstage Book of the Longest-Running Broadway Shows.
(Watson-Guptil, New York).
ISBN
0823076369
- ^
Arnold, Christine. (May 21, 1984). "Franchi: Italian to the 'Nine'."
Los Angeles Times
- ^
a
b
Harper, Hillard. (July 14, 1984). "'Nine' in S.D. / Fox [theater] Tests Voices of Play's Cast."
Los Angeles Times
- ^
"Performance / Mini Reviews." April 20, 1984).
The Washington Post
,
Washington, DC
- ^
Advertisement. (May 3, 1984).
The Miami News
,
Miami Beach, FL
- ^
Drake, Sylvia. (May 26, 1984). "An Italian-Style 'Nine' Makes Points of its Own."
Los Angeles Times
- ^
"Dallas / Theater / 'Nine' at Dallas Majestic June 5?17." (June, 1984)
Texas Monthly
,
(Ennis Publishing; Austin, TX)
- ^
Advertisement. (June 24, 1984). "'Nine' at the 5th Avenue July 10?15, 1984."
The Seattle Times
,
Seattle, WA
- ^
Domar Warehouse production
Archived
2009-11-24 at the
Wayback Machine
- ^
"Library Services - Information Services - University of Kent"
. Retrieved on 4 February 2017.
- ^
Hernandez, Ernio.
"Report: Jenna Elfman Replaced by Sara Gettelfinger in 'Nine'"
playbill.com, October 10, 2003
- ^
operasolisterna (29 October 2016).
"Lena Nordin ? Kungliga Teaterns Solister"
. Retrieved
2019-02-12
.
- ^
"Nine ? Musicallexikon"
.
www.musicallexikon.eu
. Retrieved
2023-02-08
.
- ^
"Ernesto Javier Concepcion entre las mujeres de su vida"
.
Primera Hora
(in Spanish). 2010-10-28
. Retrieved
2023-02-08
.
- ^
"Nine at Phoenix Theatre 2011"
.
www.abouttheartists.com
. Retrieved
2023-02-08
.
- ^
"Nine"
. Atlantis Productions Inc. Archived from
the original
on 2 July 2012.
- ^
Vasileiadis, George (2015-11-28).
"Lights, camera, Helena! Paparizou stars in musical "Nine"
"
.
wiwibloggs
. Retrieved
2023-02-08
.
- ^
Carvalho, Eduardo.
"Novo musical de Charles Moeller e Claudio Botelho, 'Nine' estreia 21 de maio, no Teatro Porto Seguro, em Sao Paulo"
Archived
2016-03-05 at the
Wayback Machine
. Retrieved on 4 February 2017.
- ^
Carvalho, Eduardo.
"Nine - Um Musical Felliniano (2015)"
. Retrieved on 4 February 2017.
- ^
dice, Haly.
"NINE EL MUSICAL en el Teatro Amaya"
.
Madrid Es Teatro
(in Spanish)
. Retrieved
2023-02-08
.
- ^
Q&A with Yeston in
Broadway.com
- ^
a
b
Kalfatovic, Mary. "Maury Yeston",
Contemporary Musicians
(ed. Luann Brennan). Vol. 22, Gale Group, Inc., 1998
- ^
Cline, Sara (2014-06-10).
"REVIEW: Musical 'Nine' offers comic delight in Mansfield"
.
The Enterprise
. Retrieved
2019-07-13
.
- ^
Nine synopsis and cast on Apple Movie Trailers
External links
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Awards for
Nine
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1949?1975
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1976?2000
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2001?present
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1947?1975
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1976?2000
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2001?present
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