President of Cyprus since 2023
Nikos Christodoulides
|
---|
|
Christodoulides in 2023
|
|
|
|
Assumed office
28 February 2023
|
Preceded by
| Nicos Anastasiades
|
---|
|
In office
1 March 2018 ? 11 January 2022
|
President
| Nicos Anastasiades
|
---|
Preceded by
| Ioannis Kasoulidis
|
---|
Succeeded by
| Ioannis Kasoulidis
|
---|
|
In office
14 April 2014 ? 28 February 2018
|
Preceded by
| Christos Stylianides
|
---|
Succeeded by
| Prodromos Prodromou
|
---|
|
|
Born
| (
1973-12-06
)
6 December 1973
(age 50)
Geroskipou
, Cyprus
|
---|
Political party
| Democratic Rally
(before 2023)
Independent
(2023?present)
|
---|
Spouse
| Philippa Karsera
|
---|
Children
| 4
|
---|
Education
| |
---|
Awards
| Order of Makarios III
(
Grand Master
)
Order of Merit of the Republic of Cyprus
|
---|
Signature
| |
---|
|
|
Nikos Christodoulides
(
Greek
:
Ν?κο? Χριστοδουλ?δη?
; born 6 December 1973) is a Greek-Cypriot politician, former diplomat, and academic who has been the 8th and current
President of Cyprus
since 2023. He previously served as
Minister of Foreign Affairs
from 2018 to 2022 and Government Spokesman from 2014 to 2018, both under
Nicos Anastasiades
. A former member of the
Democratic Rally
, he has been an
independent
since the party ejected him in 2023 for entering
the presidential race
against their chosen candidate.
Christodoulides started his career as a diplomat in 1999, also working as a lecturer and researcher at the
University of Cyprus
from 2007 to 2010. He then served in the
second Anastasiades government
until resigning in January 2022 in order to run in the presidential election, where he defeated
Andreas Mavroyiannis
in the run-off and assumed office on 28 February 2023. He is the first Cypriot leader to be born in an
independent Cyprus
.
Early life
[
edit
]
Christodoulides was born in
Geroskipou
on 6 December 1973.
[1]
His mother is also from Geroskipou, while his father is from
Choulou
. He graduated from the
Archbishop Makarios III Lyceum
in
Paphos
in 1991,
[2]
and completed his compulsory two-year military service in the
Cypriot National Guard
in 1993. He attended
Queens College
in
New York City
, majoring in political science, economics, and Byzantine and Modern Greek studies before graduating in 1997. He then pursued postgraduate studies in political science at
New York University
and diplomatic studies at the
University of Malta
's Mediterranean Academy of Diplomatic Studies.
[3]
He earned a
PhD
in political science and public administration from the
University of Athens
in 2003.
[4]
Pre-presidency work
[
edit
]
Academia
[
edit
]
Christodoulides lectured and worked as a non-tenure track research associate at the
University of Cyprus
' History and Archeology Department, teaching the history of the post-war world.
[3]
Diplomacy
[
edit
]
Christodoulides entered
diplomatic service
in 1999. He held various posts, including Director of the Office of the
Minister of Foreign Affairs
, Spokesman of the Cyprus Presidency to the
Council of the European Union
in
Brussels
, Deputy Chief of Mission at the
Embassy of Cyprus to Greece
, Director of the Office of the Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and Consul-General of the
High Commission of the Republic of Cyprus to the United Kingdom
. Between 2013 and 2018, he served as Director of the Diplomatic Office of the
President of Cyprus
.
[4]
Government Spokesman
[
edit
]
Christodoulides was appointed Government Spokesman on 14 April 2014. He stepped down upon the conclusion of
Nicos Anastasiades
' first term on 28 February 2018.
Minister of Foreign Affairs
[
edit
]
On 1 March 2018, after Anastasiades' re-election, Christodoulides was appointed to
Anastasiades' cabinet
as Minister of Foreign Affairs.
[5]
On 6 March 2018, he stated that
Nicosia
would not be swayed by Turkey's incursions into the
Exclusive Economic Zone
of Cyprus. During a meeting on Greek-Cypriot cooperation with Greek Prime Minister
Alexis Tsipras
, he said that the
reunification of Cyprus
was their primary goal.
[6]
In May 2018, Christodoulides officially asked the United Nations to prepare for a speedy resumption of the reunification process. After meeting Greek Foreign Minister
Nikos Kotzias
on 7 May 2018, he praised United Nations Secretary-General
Antonio Guterres
for despatching a
UN Special Representative
to sound out the atmosphere for resuming talks.
[7]
In June 2018, Christodoulides visited Israel and met with Prime Minister
Benjamin Netanyahu
and President
Reuven Rivlin
. They discussed regional developments and the strengthening of bilateral ties in energy and emergency situations. They also discussed Turkish incursions and strategic cooperation on the planned
EastMed pipeline
.
[8]
In June 2018, Christodoulides welcomed an announcement by
ExxonMobil
executives to speed up their schedule to begin drilling operations in Block 10 of the Exclusive Economic Zone. Operations were planned to begin in the fourth quarter of 2018 but did not begin until 2021.
[9]
On 17 July 2018, Christodoulides met EU High Representative
Federica Mogherini
in Brussels. They discussed the potential role of the EU in resuming stalled peace talks with Turkey. During his visit, he stated that Cyprus does "not have the luxury of a new talks' failure" and that "Turkey has to comply with European standards and international law".
[10]
On 15 July 2020, Christodoulides commented on the
2020 Armenian?Azerbaijani clashes
, condemning the "ceasefire violation by Azerbaijan" and calling for "restraint of the parties to de-escalate the tension in the region".
[11]
Christodoulides was made a
Knight of the Holy Sepulchre
in 2018 and was awarded the
Order of the Serbian Flag
on 5 April 2021 by President
Aleksandar Vu?i?
.
[12]
2023 presidential election
[
edit
]
After months of speculation on whether he would run for president in the
2023 election
, Christodoulides expressed his interest at a press conference held at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs on 9 January.
[13]
The next day, he resigned as Minister and was replaced by
Ioannis Kasoulides
soon after.
[14]
In June 2022, Christodoulides formally announced his candidacy as an independent candidate despite being a member of the
Democratic Rally
, which fielded
Averof Neofytou
as its presidential nominee. On 5 January 2023, following the official filing of his candidacy, he was formally ejected from the party.
[15]
He gathered support from smaller parties, including the
Democratic Party
, the
Movement for Social Democracy
, and the
Democratic Alignment
,
[5]
while also managing to sway a large portion of his former party's supporters.
[16]
Christodoulides won the first round of the election with 32.04% of the vote, and was thereafter backed by incumbent president Anastasiades.
[17]
After winning the second round with 51.92% of the vote (against the 48.08% of fellow independent candidate
Andreas Mavroyiannis
, who was backed by the
Progressive Party of Working People
) Christodoulides was declared president-elect.
[18]
Presidency
[
edit
]
Cyprus problem
[
edit
]
Christodoulides was inaugurated as president on 28 February 2023. He declared that his primary focus was finding a solution to the
Cyprus problem
.
[19]
In order to restart the negotiations between the two sides, he requested the appointment of a
UN
special envoy. His proposal was accepted by
Antonio Guterres
, who appointed Colombian diplomat
Maria Angela Holguin
with the aim of facilitating the diplomatic process. Cuellar arrived in Cyprus in January 2024, having already met with Colin Stewart (Cyprus' permanent UN representative in New York) and is planning visits to the guarantor power countries Greece, Turkey, and the United Kingdom.
[20]
[21]
Amalthea Initiative
[
edit
]
At a
European Council
summit on 26 October 2023
[22]
and at the 2023
Paris Peace Forum
, organized by French President
Emmanuel Macron
, Christodoulides presented his initiative to open a maritime corridor between Cyprus and
Gaza
, intending to deliver aid to Gaza during the
ongoing Israel?Hamas war
. Due to the small distance between Cyprus and the conflict zone, Christodoulides suggested utilizing
Larnaca
's port for shipping significant amounts of humanitarian relief to Gaza by sea. The aid would be collected, inspected, and stored in Cyprus; after daily checks by a joint committee, including Israel, the aid would be sent to Gaza. The vessels would be accompanied by warships and would arrive at a designated neutral area on the coast of Gaza.
[23]
[24]
Christodoulides visited Egyptian President
Abdel Fattah el-Sisi
and
King Abdullah of Jordan
to inform them about his proposed humanitarian corridor, while also discussing it with German Chancellor
Olaf Scholz
over the phone.
[25]
[26]
The initiative received positive recognition from the international community and gained approval from the
Israeli government
.
[27]
The first step was completed on 1 January 2024, when Cyprus and the United Kingdom collaborated to successfully send 87 tonnes of aid to Gaza through
Port Said
in Egypt. The aid was then transferred through the
Rafah border
without security checks in Israel.
[28]
On 4 March 2024,
Ursula von der Leyen
declared the European Commission's support for Cyprus' humanitarian corridor initiative,
[29]
[30]
scheduling a visit to Cyprus on 8 March to assess the infrastructure.
[31]
[32]
The initiative also gained support by the United States, with President
Joe Biden
announcing on 8 March that the
United States Armed Forces
will establish a temporary port in Gaza to enhance sea-based humanitarian aid delivery. The port will handle large vessels carrying food, medicine, and water, with initial shipments arriving via Cyprus. The United States will collaborate on security and coordinate with
UN agencies
and humanitarian operations on the ground.
[33]
[34]
[35]
The corridor is backed by aid from the
United Arab Emirates
.
[36]
[32]
[37]
[38]
[39]
On 12 March 2024, the Spanish NGO's
salvage vessel
Open Arms departed from the port of
Larnaca
to deliver humanitarian aid to Gaza.
[40]
The ship towed a barge loaded with supplies provided by the American charity
World Central Kitchen
and funded by the United Arab Emirates. The aid included 200 tonnes of food staples such as rice, flour, and cans of tuna. The ship reached an undisclosed location off the coast of Gaza, navigating a newly opened shipping route.
[41]
[42]
[43]
The mission faced several technical challenges, including capacity and weather concerns. Construction of a makeshift jetty in Gaza facilitated unloading, overcoming Israel's restrictions on contact with Gaza's population.
[44]
On 21 March 2024, technocrats from 36 countries convened at the Zenon Coordination Center in Larnaca to discuss bolstering the plan, coinciding with the imminent departure of a second ship from Larnaca to transport 500 tons of aid to Gaza. Efforts are underway to secure funding for the long-term operation of the Amalthea Plan, with Dutch Prime Minister
Mark Rutte
announcing a €10 million contribution and the EU pledging €70 million in funding.
[45]
[46]
Economy
[
edit
]
On 20 December 2023, Labor Minister Yiannis Panayiotou announced a
minimum wage
increase from €940 to €1,000 per month. Employers initially opposed the raise and then proposed an increase to €970, while unions sought €1,020. The government's decision to increase the minimum wage to €1,000 was met with varying reactions from stakeholders.
[47]
[48]
Digital transformation
[
edit
]
In October 2023, Christodoulides' government unveiled its ambitious plans for
digital transformation
, securing €282 million in EU funding for the realisation of the "Strategic Plan 2024?2026". This comprehensive plan encompasses diverse initiatives, including the integration of
artificial intelligence
, the promotion of
ultra-high-speed network connectivity
, the intensification of digital skills through education, support for research and innovation, encouragement of
start-up entrepreneurship
, and the reinforcement of defense mechanisms against
cyber threats
. The Deputy Ministry of Innovation plays a pivotal role in implementing these initiatives, focusing on three key pillars: the digital transformation of Cyprus, the development of a sustainable innovative economy, and the protection of the country's infrastructure. The transformation aims to enhance efficiency in services, automate processes, increase governance transparency, and stimulate innovation, ultimately fostering economic development and job creation.
[49]
In his role as Christodoulides' Deputy Minister of Research, Innovation and Digital Policy, Philippos Hadjizacharias highlighted the government's goal of turning Cyprus into a leading technology hub.
[50]
Controversies
[
edit
]
In January 2024, Christodoulides came under scrutiny by the public and media in both Cyprus and Greece for removing his Minister of Defense Michalis Giorgallas, reportedly after pressure from the Greek government, who disagreed with Giorgallas' stance on a joint defense doctrine.
[51]
[52]
[53]
Personal life
[
edit
]
Christodoulides has four children with his wife, Philippa Karsera, a Greek-Cypriot diplomat from
Dora
. They met in 1999 as newly appointed diplomatic
attaches
in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. She served at the Cypriot High Commission to the United Kingdom in
London
and then at the Cypriot Embassy in
Athens
and the
Permanent Representation of Cyprus to the European Union
in
Brussels
. She was then promoted to Deputy Director of the President's Diplomatic Office at Cyprus'
Presidential Palace
. From February 2022, she led the crisis management
directorate
in the Cyprus Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
[4]
[54]
Writing
[
edit
]
Christodoulides has contributed to domestic and international
academic journals
and is the author of two books:
Plans for Solution of the Cyprus Problem 1948?1978
(2009)
[55]
and
Relations between Athens and Nicosia and the Cyprus Problem 1977?1988
(2013).
[4]
[56]
Honours and awards
[
edit
]
National honours
[
edit
]
-
Cyprus
: Grand Master and Grand Collar of the
Order of Makarios III
(28 February 2023)
-
Cyprus
: Grand Master of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Cyprus (28 February 2023)
Foreign Honours
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
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.
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.
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.
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.
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{{
cite web
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- ^
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- ^
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South America
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Oceania
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- Konstantinos Kompos
- Konstantinos Ioannou
- Makis Keravnos
- Giorgos Papanastasiou
- Giannis Panayiotou
- Petros Xenofos
- Athina Michailidou
- Anna Koukidi-Prokopiou
- Michalis Giorgallas
- Alexis Vafiadis
- Popi Kanari
- Konstantinos Letimpiotis
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