Prime minister of Iraq since 2022
Mohammed Shia' Al Sudani
(
Arabic
:
???? ???? ????????
; born 1970) is an Iraqi politician who has been the
Prime Minister of Iraq
since 27 October 2022. Prior to his premiership, he held a number of ministerial positions; such as
Minister of Industry and Minerals
, Minister of Labour and Social Affairs, acting
Minister of Trade
, acting
Minister of Finance
, acting Minister of Migration and Displaced,
[3]
acting
Minister of Agriculture
,
[4]
and
Minister of Human Rights
.
[5]
[6]
He was Governor of
Maysan
in 2009-2010.
[7]
Early life
[
edit
]
Al-Sudani was born in 1970 to an Iraqi Shia Arab family in
Baghdad
.
[8]
At the age of 10, he witnessed his father and five other family members being executed for membership of the
Islamic Dawa Party
. Al-Sudani holds a bachelor's degree from the
University of Baghdad
in Agricultural Science and a master's degree in Project Management. He is married and has four sons.
Sudani participated in the
1991 uprisings
that began after the end of the
Gulf War
. In 1997, he was appointed to Maysan Agriculture Office, in which he was the Head of Kumait City Agriculture department, Head of Ali Al-Sharqi City Agriculture department, Head of Agricultural Production department and the supervisor Engineer in the National Research Program with the
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
.
After the invasion of Iraq by the United States and its allies in 2003, Sudani worked as a coordinator between the
Maysan Province
administration and the
Coalition Provisional Authority
. In 2004 he was appointed Mayor of
Amarah
City. In
2005 he was elected
as a member of Maysan Province Council. He was
reelected in 2009
and appointed governor by the council.
Career
[
edit
]
Iraqi Minister of Human Rights
[
edit
]
He was appointed by Prime Minister
Nouri al-Maliki
as the Minister of Human Rights after the
2010 parliamentary election
, being approved by parliament on 21 December 2010.
During 2011, he was briefly chairman of the Supreme National De-Baathification Commission|Justice and Accountability Commission for
De-Ba'athification
, which had the power to bar individuals from government for links to the former ruling
Ba'ath Party
.
[
citation needed
]
He was minister in August 2014 when thousands of
Yazidis
were
massacred
in northern Iraq by the
Islamic State
(ISIS or Daesh). He described it as "a vicious atrocity" and said it was the "responsibility of the international community to take a firm stand against the Daesh" and to "start the war on Daesh to stop genocides and atrocities against civilians".
[9]
He asked the
United Nations Human Rights Council
to launch an investigation into crimes against civilians committed by ISIS. He described their crimes as amounting to
genocide
and
crimes against humanity
.
[10]
"We are facing a terrorist monster", he explained. "Their movement must be curbed. Their assets should be frozen and confiscated. Their military capacities must be destroyed."
[11]
He was succeeded by
Mohammed Mahdi Ameen al-Bayati
in October 2014, when the government of
Haider al-Abadi
took office.
[12]
Prime Minister
[
edit
]
In a bid to end the
2022 Iraqi political crisis
, the coordination framework officially nominated al-Sudani for the post of prime minister in May 2022.
[13]
He succeeded in forming a government, which was approved by the
Council of Representatives
on 27 October.
[14]
In January 2023, in an interview with
The Wall Street Journal
, al-Sudani defended the presence of U.S. troops in his country and set no timetable for their withdrawal, referring to the U.S. and NATO troop contingents that train and assist Iraqi units in countering Islamic State, but largely stay out of combat, though he mentioned that the U.S.-led military coalition in Iraq is no longer needed.
[15]
The Economist
has said that al-Sudani is affiliated with the
Popular Mobilization Forces
(PMF), the state-sponsored militia umbrella organization that unites different armed factions, and his tenure has seen their influence further increase in Iraq.
[16]
His government has increased the number of troops for the PMF by 116,000, increasing the total number to around 230,000, and has set its budget to US$2.7 billion. It has also launched a building company affiliated with the PMF, named after killed PMF commander
Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis
; the company gives preferential access to government contractors and the government has awarded the company with strategic land.
[16]
On 20 July 2023, al-Sudani expelled the
Swedish
ambassador to Iraq and revoked work permits for Swedish companies after Sweden approved a planned
Quran burning
.
[17]
On 10 October 2023, al-Sudani arrived in Moscow and met with Russian President
Vladimir Putin
.
[18]
On 21 October 2023, he called for a ceasefire in the
Israel?Hamas war
.
[19]
During a meeting with Iranian President
Ebrahim Raisi
, he described the
Hamas attack on Israel
as "a result of years of criminal policies of the Zionist regime against the people of Gaza."
[20]
On 17 February 2024, he met with German Chancellor
Olaf Scholz
in Munich while he was attending the
Munich Security Conference
where he met with various world leaders.
[21]
In April 2024, al-Sudani condemned the
Israeli bombing of the Iranian embassy in Damascus
.
[22]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
"Prime Minister Mohammed Shia' al Sudani's Biography | Embassy of the Republic of Iraq in Washington, D.C."
- ^
???????? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ???????
- ^
"Who is Mohammed Shia Al-Sudani"
. Washington Institute.
- ^
"???? ???? ????????.. ???? ??????? ???????"
. AlJazeera.
- ^
"????? ???? ??????? :: Ministry Of Human Rights"
. Humanrights.gov.iq. Archived from
the original
on 2008-03-24
. Retrieved
2012-10-20
.
- ^
"?????? ??????? ???????? :: Iraqi Cabinet Members"
. CIA. Archived from
the original
on 2013-03-13.
- ^
Brown, Alan (28 November 2010).
"Maysan Province receives new vocational training center"
.
dvidshub.net
. Defense Visual Information Distribution Service
. Retrieved
2 January
2023
.
- ^
Kadow, May; Yavorsky, Erik (18 November 2022).
"Who Is Mohammed Shia al-Sudani?"
.
washingtoninstitute.org
. The Washington Institute for Near East Policy
. Retrieved
2 January
2023
.
- ^
"Exclusive: Iraq says Islamic State killed 500 Yazidis, buried some victims alive"
.
Reuters
. 2014-08-10
. Retrieved
2015-08-16
.
- ^
"UN Human Rights Council Requests Investigation into Daesh's Human Rights Abuses in Iraq"
.
International Justice Resource Center
. 3 September 2014
. Retrieved
2015-08-16
.
- ^
Heilprin, John; Press, Associated.
"UN backs inquiry of IS group's alleged crimes"
.
KRQE News 13
. Archived from
the original
on 2014-09-27
. Retrieved
2015-08-16
.
- ^
Sikimic, Simona; Atkinson, Mary (10 July 2015).
"Iraq's human rights minister talks battling IS and the Speicher 'mass murder'
"
.
Middle East Eye
. Retrieved
2 January
2023
.
- ^
"Coordination Framework nominate Mohammed Shia' Al Sudani as candidate for Iraqi prime minister"
.
Patriotic Union of Kurdistan
. 25 July 2022.
- ^
"Iraqi parliament approves new government headed by Mohammed Shia al-Sudani"
.
Reuters
. 27 October 2022.
- ^
"Iraqi PM Backs Indefinite U.S. Troop Presence in Country: WSJ Interview"
.
US News & World Report
. 15 January 2023.
- ^
a
b
"The Iraqi militias are copying their overmighty cousins in Iran"
.
The Economist
. 8 June 2023.
ISSN
0013-0613
.
- ^
"Prime Minister orders to withdraw the Iraqi Charge d'Affairs in Stockholm, and instructs the Swedish Ambassador to leave Iraqi territory"
.
Iraqi News Agency
. 20 July 2023.
- ^
Mahmoud, Sinan (10 October 2023).
"Iraqi leader Al Sudani in Moscow to discuss Middle East situation with Putin"
.
The National
.
- ^
Al-Rahim, Rend (25 October 2023).
"Iraq, Sudani, and the War on Gaza"
.
Arab Center Washington D.C
.
- ^
"Raisi meets Sudani, says Iran and Iraq have 'common position' on Gaza war"
.
Anadolu Agency
. 6 November 2023.
- ^
"Iraqi PM Mohammed Shia al Sudani meets with German Chancellor Olag Scholz in Munich, Germany at the Munich Security Conference"
.
Iraqi News Agency
. 2024-02-17. p. 1
. Retrieved
2024-02-25
.
- ^
"Iraqi PM, Iranian president discuss Israeli attack on Iranian consulate in Syria"
.
Xinhua News Agency
. 4 April 2024.
Archived
from the original on 3 April 2024
. Retrieved
12 April
2024
.
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