Spanish cyclist
In this
Spanish name
, the first or paternal
surname
is
Indurain
and the second or maternal family name is
Larraya
.
Miguel Indurain
Indurain in 2009
|
|
Full name
| Miguel Maria Indurain Larraya
|
---|
Nickname
| Miguelon, Big Mig (English)
|
---|
Born
| (
1964-07-16
)
16 July 1964
(age 59)
Villava
, Spain
[1]
|
---|
Height
| 1.86 m (6 ft 1 in)
[2]
|
---|
Weight
| 76 kg (168 lb; 12 st 0 lb)
[3]
|
---|
|
Current team
| Retired
|
---|
Discipline
| Road
|
---|
Role
| Rider
|
---|
Rider type
| All-rounder
|
---|
|
1978?1983
| CC Villaves
|
---|
|
---|
|
1984?1996
| Reynolds
|
---|
|
---|
|
Grand Tour
- Tour de France
- General classification
(
1991
,
1992
,
1993
,
1994
,
1995
)
- 12 individual stages (
1989
?
1995
)
- Giro d'Italia
- General classification
(
1992
,
1993
)
- Intergiro classification
(
1992
)
- 4 individual stages (
1992
,
1993
)
Stage races
- Volta a Catalunya
(
1988
,
1991
,
1992
)
- Paris?Nice
(
1989
,
1990
)
- Criterium du Dauphine Libere
(
1995
,
1996
)
- Criterium International
(1991)
- Grand Prix du Midi Libre
(1995)
One-day races and Classics
- Olympic Time Trial
(
1996
)
- World Time Trial Championships
(
1995
)
- National Road Race Championships
(1992)
- Clasica de San Sebastian
(
1990
)
Other
- Hour record
53.040 km (2 September 1994)
|
|
---|
|
Miguel Indurain Larraya
(
Spanish pronunciation:
[mi??el
indu??ajn
la?ra?a]
; born 16 July 1964) is a retired Spanish
road racing cyclist
. Indurain won five
Tours de France
from
1991
to
1995
, the fourth, and last, to win five times, and the only five-time winner to achieve those victories consecutively.
[4]
He won the
Giro d'Italia
twice, becoming one of seven people to achieve the Giro-Tour double in the same season. He wore the race leader's yellow jersey in the Tour de France for 60 days.
[1]
He holds the record for the most consecutive Tour de France wins and shares the record for most wins with
Jacques Anquetil
,
Bernard Hinault
and
Eddy Merckx
.
[5]
He is the most recent cyclist, and one of the very few cyclists, to have come close to cycling's 'Triple Crown' when in
1993
, after having already won the Giro and the Tour, he finished just 0:19 behind in the World Championship.
Indurain's ability and physical size?1.86 m (6 ft 1 in) and 76 kilograms (168 lb)?earned him the nickname "Miguelon" or "Big Mig". He was the youngest rider ever to win the Spanish amateur national road championship, when he was 18,
[6]
at 20 the youngest rider to lead the
Vuelta a Espana
,
[6]
and at 20 he won a stage of the
Tour de l'Avenir
.
[6]
[7]
Early life and amateur career
[
edit
]
Miguel Indurain was born in the village of Villava (now Villava ? Atarrabia), which is now an outlying area of
Pamplona
. He has three sisters ? Isabel, Maria Dolores and Maria Asuncion
[8]
? and a brother,
Prudencio
, who also became a professional cyclist.
[9]
His first bicycle was a green secondhand Olmo given to him for his 10th birthday. It was stolen when he was 11 and he worked in the fields with his father to pay for a new one.
[6]
Indurain tried running, basketball, javelin and football from nine to 14. Then he joined the local CC Villaves and rode his first race in July 1978,
[6]
[N 1]
an event for unlicensed riders in which he finished second.
[9]
He won his second race and competed every week thereafter.
[9]
His hero in cycling was
Bernard Hinault
.
[10]
At 18 he was the youngest winner of the national amateur road championship.
[6]
Professional career
[
edit
]
In 1984 he rode in the Olympic Games at Los Angeles and then turned professional on 4 September
[6]
for
Reynolds
.
[1]
[9]
[11]
He won his first professional race a week later, a time trial in the
Tour de l'Avenir
.
[12]
In 1985 he started the
Vuelta a Espana
and came second in the prologue, behind
Bert Oosterbosch
. Oosterbosch lost time on the second stage and Indurain became leader, the youngest rider to do so.
[13]
He rode the
Tour de France
later that year, as he would do in each of the next 11 years, but dropped out in the fourth stage.
[14]
In 1986, Indurain again rode the Tour, dropping out on the 12th stage.
[14]
He started the
1987 Vuelta a Espana
with bronchitis from the Tour of Belgium.
[15]
He rode the
1988 Tour de France
as teammate of the winner
Pedro Delgado
. In 1989, he escaped during the ninth stage of the Tour de France. He won the stage and became leader of the
mountains classification
, wearing the polkadot jersey the next stage, the only time in his career.
[16]
In 1990, Indurain rode the Tour de France again for Delgado, but Delgado could not win. Indurain finished 10th place, sacrificing several places by waiting for Delgado.
[17]
Indurain was a strong
time trialist
, gaining on rivals and riding defensively in the climbing stages. Indurain won only two Tour stages that were not
individual time trials
: mountain stages to
Cauterets
(1989) and
Luz Ardiden
(1990) in the
Pyrenees
. During his five consecutive Tour de France wins he never won a stage that was not a time trial. These superior abilities in the discipline fit perfectly with the TT heavy Tours of the era, with many featuring between 150 and 200 km of time trialling vs the more common 50?80 km today.
1991: First Tour win
[
edit
]
In 1991,
Greg LeMond
was favourite for the Tour and while Indurain was a fine time trialist he was considered too large to be a good climber.
[18]
LeMond led the race until the 12th stage but on the 13th he broke down on the Tourmalet,
[19]
and lost more than seven minutes to Indurain, who became the leader and stayed leader to the end.
1992: Tour-Giro double
[
edit
]
Indurain won the prologue at
San Sebastian
and seized the yellow jersey, only to lose it the next day. Indurain finished the time trial in stage nine, over 65 km, three minutes ahead of number two on the stage. Near the end he caught
Laurent Fignon
, who had started six minutes before him. The
1992 Tour
was remarkable for a long breakaway by
Claudio Chiappucci
on a stage to
Sestriere
that included six mountains. Indurain seemed to crack on the final climb to Sestriere being passed by
Franco Vona
but managed to finish third, enough to claim the yellow jersey once more. From here Indurain would establish his racing style "crush rivals in the time trials and control them in the mountains"
[20]
His defensive tactic brought criticism from Indurain's boyhood hero, Bernard Hinault, who said: "Indurain is the best rider of his generation but he has won this Tour quietly, without great opposition. If the opposition continues to let him get away with it, his reign looks like lasting a long time".
[21]
He also won the
Giro d'Italia
in 1992. After winning the early time trial, Indurain gained a decisive advantage on stage 9 to Latina-Terminillo. There, on the first summit finish of the race, Indurain finished in the first group, dropping the main contenders, and gaining 30 seconds on Chiappucci.
[22]
On his way to overall victory by 5mins 12secs over Chiappucci, Indurain also won the final stage 21 time trial.
1993: Second Tour-Giro double
[
edit
]
Indurain rode the same way in the
1993 Tour
. He won the prologue at Puy-du-Fou, in the Vendee region, and waited until the ninth stage, the 59 km time trial at Lac de Madine, to take control of the race. He won by 2m 11s.
[21]
From then on, said Ollivier, he rode defensively, watching
Tony Rominger
, whom he considered a rival against the clock.
[21]
Ollivier said Indurain's ride wasn't without effort but another historian,
Pierre Chany
, said it lacked audacity and that Indurain never "did anything unprovoked which would have allowed this exceptional rider to rise above the rest and excite the crowd".
[21]
He won the
1993 Giro d'Italia
.
[1]
1994: Tour and hour record
[
edit
]
Indurain again won the first time trial, the ninth stage from
Perigueux
to Bergerac, in the southwest. He beat Rominger by two minutes. He did, however, attack in the
Pyrenees
, accelerating at the foot of the 10 km climb to the ski station at
Hautacam
.
Luc Leblanc
,
Richard Virenque
,
Marco Pantani
and Armand de Las Cuevas stayed with him but other rivals, including Rominger, were left behind. Indurain lost the stage to Leblanc but kept the yellow jersey to the end.
In 1994 he set a world
hour record
of 53.040 kilometres (32.958 mi),
[1]
beating
Graeme Obree
.
[23]
Indurain entered the Giro again, but this time was beaten by
Evgeni Berzin
and
Marco Pantani
, who had prepared solely for the Giro.
[24]
In May 1994, Indurain tested positive for
salbutamol
following the
Tour de L'Oise
in France. Though the
β2-adrenergic agonist
, found in nasal inhalers, was on the controlled substances list of both the
IOC
and
UCI
, both organizations permitted sportsmen with
asthma
to use it. However, in France there was an outright ban on its use.
[25]
The IOC agreed with the UCI that Indurain would not be punished for using a drug banned outright in France because they accepted the salbutamol was contained in a nasal inhaler he had been using legitimately to aid his respiration. In Spain, the incident was interpreted as another case of the French attempting to hinder Indurain's domination of the sport.
[26]
1995: Fifth Tour victory
[
edit
]
He also won the
Criterium du Dauphine
Libere in 1995.
[1]
The seventh stage of the
1995 Tour
linked
Charleroi
and
Liege
, both in southern Belgium. It took in the rolling roads of
Liege?Bastogne?Liege
. Indurain attacked with
Johan Bruyneel
following and the rest were left 50 seconds behind. The following day Indurain won the first time trial, organised on a demanding circuit at
Seraing
. Jean-Paul Ollivier wrote: "It offered him another chance to assert his authority. Who could challenge him? The hierarchy established itself by itself. Indurain once again set off on a demonstration Tour. This last victory by the rider from Navarra was a model of strength, intelligence and authority, all well controlled. There wasn't a tactical error, never a scare, no moments of weakness".
[27]
Indurain won the
world time trial championship
.
[28]
1996: Aiming for sixth Tour victory
[
edit
]
He also won the
Criterium du Dauphine
Libere in 1996.
[1]
Indurain aimed for a sixth victory in the
1996 Tour
, but suffered from the beginning. He came seventh in the prologue. After bronchitis in a cold and wet first week, he lost time from stage seven. He said that, on the
Cormet de Roselend
on 6 July, "my legs started to feel odd but, because the speed of the group wasn't very high, I didn't take much notice. I even imagined attacking at the foot of the Arcs climbs."
[4]
He dropped out of the group and lost three minutes in three kilometres. Race referees penalised him 20 seconds for accepting a bottle of drink in the last kilometre.
[N 2]
He said the 20 seconds were nothing compared to the minute he would have lost had he not taken the bottle.
[4]
He later said he would stop racing. The Dane
Bjarne Riis
won and his teammate
Jan Ullrich
finished second. Indurain finished 11th and, in a stage passing through his hometown and ending in
Pamplona
, he finished 19th, eight minutes behind the stage winner.
He won the
individual time trial
in the
1996 Olympic Games in Atlanta
, where professionals competed for the first time.
[28]
He won the title ahead of compatriot
Abraham Olano
and Boardman. Asked if he would trade his gold medal for a sixth Tour victory, he confirmed, saying: "For any professional cyclist, winning the Tour is the pinnacle of their career, whereas winning the Olympic title is purely symbolic".
[29]
In the
road race
, he finished 26th.
[30]
In September 1996, Indurain rode the
Vuelta a Espana
at the insistence of his team. He dropped out unexpectedly on the Mirador del Fito,
[4]
30 km (19 mi) from the end of the stage to
Covadonga
.
[31]
Relations with his team manager,
Jose Miguel Echavarri
, had been difficult since an aborted attempt on the hour record in
Colombia
in October 1995.
[1]
The two are no longer on speaking terms.
[1]
Retirement
[
edit
]
Indurain took two months to consider his future, particularly the €4.5 million that
Manolo Saiz
was said to have offered him to transfer to the ONCE team.
[4]
[7]
Negotiations foundered over which races Indurain would ride and whether Saiz would pay more.
[7]
However, on 1 January 1997 he told 300 journalists and others in the El Toro hotel in Pamplona that he would not race again. "This is a long and deeply meditated decision, especially as physically I'm in condition to win a sixth Tour", he said. "In early 1996 I decided it was time to go, and I tried to win the Tour for the last time. When I didn't, I thought the Olympics would be the perfect way of bowing out, but what happened after the Tour of Spain made me change my mind. Every year it gets harder and I think I have spent enough time in the sport. My family are waiting."
[7]
After reading a prepared 30-line statement, he left without taking questions.
[4]
Indurain now divides his time between his native
Pamplona
and his house in
Palma de Mallorca
, on the Mediterranean.
[32]
He and his wife, Marisa, have three children.
[6]
He founded the Miguel Indurain Foundation in 1998 to promote sport in his home region of
Navarra
. He worked with the Spanish Olympic Committee to promote
Sevilla
's candidature for the 2004 Olympics,
[1]
and the
Union Cycliste Internationale
. He continues to ride a bike three or four times a week.
[6]
He attends cyclotourist events such as
L'Etape du Tour
,
[33]
the Mallorca312 and the Cape Argus Pick & Pay Cycle Tour in Cape Town, South Africa.
Physiology
[
edit
]
According to the
University of Ferrara
, which conducted tests on Indurain, his strength came from his body's superior
physiology
. His blood carried 7 litres of oxygen around his body per minute, compared to 3?4 litres for an ordinary person and 5?6 litres for fellow riders. His cardiac output was 50 litres a minute; a fit amateur cyclist's is about 25 litres. Indurain's
lung capacity
was 7.8 litres, compared to an average of 6 litres.
[4]
His
resting pulse
was as low as 28
BPM
, compared to an average 60?72 bpm, which meant his heart would be less strained in the tough mountain stages.
[34]
[17]
His
VO
2
max
was 88 ml/kg/min; in comparison,
Lance Armstrong
's was 83.8 ml/kg/min and
Greg LeMond
's was more than 92 ml/kg/min.
[35]
He consulted the Italian professor
Francesco Conconi
(famous for pioneering
EPO
use in sport) from 1987 and his weight dropped from 85 kg (187 lb) to 78 kg (172 lb) under his guidance,
[8]
[9]
"changing himself into an all-round rider", said Philippe Brunel in
L'Equipe
.
[4]
He was 10 kg (22 lb) lighter than when he was a junior.
[36]
Indurain was subjected to further physical testing at age 46, 14 years after his retirement, in a 2012 published study to determine age-related fitness decline. His maximal values were oxygen uptake 5.29 L/min (57.4 mL · kg-1 · min-1) and aerobic power output 450 W (4.88 W/kg) and was found to have seen greater changes in body composition than aerobic capacity as he weighed 92 kg at the time. However, his absolute maximal and submaximal oxygen uptake and power output in 2012 still compared favorably with those exhibited by active professional cyclists.
[37]
Critics
[
edit
]
Although Indurain, who has always denied doping, has never been banned or given a positive test for any sports-enhancing drug (with the exception of salbutamol), some remain skeptical of his achievements. Anti-doping expert Sandro Donati released information showing Indurain and his Banesto team were clients of Dr. Francesco Conconi, who was later found to be doping many of his cyclist clients. The Banesto team confirmed it met Conconi but only to conduct
Conconi tests
on its cyclists.
[38]
Former
Festina
coach Antonie Vayer has also cast doubt on Indurain's abilities, claiming only "mutants" could have performed at the level he did.
[39]
Personality
[
edit
]
Indurain resisted comparison to Tour champions of the past and said he "never felt superior to anyone". He "never had airs about himself and only reluctantly stepped into the limelight that came with the maillot jaune [yellow jersey]", Andy Hood wrote in
Procycling
.
[40]
Indurain was a man difficult to know. He was modest and quiet, "governing his troops without ever being demanding."
[4]
A Spanish journalist, frustrated that he could find nothing interesting about him, asked "I wonder if his wife knows who this man is who sleeps beside her."
[4]
A teammate,
Jean-Francois Bernard
said: "When he comes down for his meal, you don't even hear him move his chair."
[4]
Procycling
wrote:
His five straight Tour crowns paralleled Spain's coming of age following decades of repression under the dictatorship of General
Franco
and his face became a symbol of a new, more assertive Spain stepping confidently on to the European stage.
[40]
Philippe Brunel in
L'Equipe
called him "humble and sublime, taciturn some days. But who was this robotic athlete who, in his streamlined helmet and his Plexiglass visor, dominated [
domestiquait
] the time-trials like no one before him except perhaps
Jacques Anquetil
?"
The magazine
Cycling Weekly
wrote: "He seems to do everything very slowly, as though he is trying to conserve energy even here. His eyes blink at half-speed but the gaze from his brown eyes is steady. He looks as relaxed off the bike as he does when he is on it, but you are aware that you are in the presence of a great bike rider."
[41]
Indurain said the man who most impressed him was
Pope John Paul II
, to whom he gave a yellow jersey from the Tour de France and a pink jersey from the Giro d'Italia.
[6]
It is rare for genuine items from his cycling career to be in another's collection, as he keeps most of his clothing, equipment etc.,
[42]
making such gifts special.
Indurain is a member of the
Laureus World Sports Academy
.
[43]
Decorations
[
edit
]
Career achievements
[
edit
]
Major results
[
edit
]
- 1983
- 1st
Road race
, National Amateur Road Championships
- 1984
- 1st Stage 10 (
ITT
)
Tour de l'Avenir
- 4th Overall
Vuelta a La Rioja
- 1985
- Tour de l'Avenir
- 1st Stages 6a & 10 (
ITT
)
- 2nd Overall
Vuelta a Andalucia
- 1986
- 1st
Overall
Tour de l'Avenir
- 1st Prologue & Stage 9 (
ITT
)
- 1st
Overall
Vuelta a Murcia
- 1st Prologue
- 5th Overall
Vuelta a Andalucia
- 6th Overall
Grand Prix du Midi Libre
- 6th
Road race
, National Road Championships
- 1987
- 1st
Overall
Vuelta a los Valles Mineros
- 1st Stages 2, 3 & 5
- 1st
GP Navarra
- 1st Prologue
Vuelta a Murcia
- 1st Stage 1
Volta a Galicia
- 3rd Overall
Setmana Catalana de Ciclisme
- 1st
Points classification
- 1st Stages 4b (
ITT
) & 5
- 1988
- 1st
Overall
Volta a Catalunya
- 1st Stage 6a (
ITT
)
- 1st Stage 4a
Vuelta a Cantabria
- 3rd Overall
Volta a Galicia
- 1st Stage 2
- 6th
Clasica de San Sebastian
- 8th Overall
Setmana Catalana de Ciclisme
- 1989
- 1st
Overall
Paris?Nice
- 1st
Overall
Criterium International
- 1st Stage 3 (
ITT
)
- 1st Stage 9
Tour de France
- 2nd
Subida al Naranco
- 7th
La Fleche Wallonne
- 10th Overall
Tour de Suisse
- 10th Overall
Volta a Catalunya
- 10th
Liege?Bastogne?Liege
- 1990
- 1st
Overall
Paris?Nice
- 1st Stage 6
- 1st
Clasica de San Sebastian
- 2nd Overall
Vuelta a Burgos
- 1st
Points classification
- 1st Stage 4
- 2nd Overall
Vuelta Asturias
- 3rd Overall
Tour of the Basque Country
- 1st Stage 5a
- 3rd
Road race
, National Road Championships
- 4th Overall
Euskal Bizikleta
- 4th
La Fleche Wallonne
- 5th
Trofeo Luis Puig
- 7th Overall
Vuelta a Espana
- 7th Overall
Criterium International
- 9th Overall
Vuelta Ciclista a la Communidad Valenciana
- 1st Stage 5
- 10th Overall
Tour de France
- 1st Stage 16
- 1991
- 1st
Overall
Tour de France
- 1st Stages 8 (
ITT
) & 21 (
ITT
)
- 1st
Overall
Volta a Catalunya
- 1st Stage 5 (
ITT
)
- 1st
Overall
Tour du Vaucluse
- 1st Stage 2
- 2nd Overall
Vuelta a Espana
- 3rd Overall
Euskal Bizikleta
- 1st Stages 2 & 5
- 3rd
Road race
,
UCI Road World Championships
- 3rd
Boucles de l'Aulne
- 4th
Liege?Bastogne?Liege
- 1992
- 1st Overall
UCI Road World Rankings
- 1st
Road race
, National Road Championships
- 1st
Overall
Tour de France
- 1st Prologue, Stages 9 (
ITT
) & 19 (
ITT
)
- 1st
Overall
Giro d'Italia
- 1st
Intergiro classification
- 1st Stages 3 (
ITT
) & 21 (
ITT
)
- 1st
Overall
Volta a Catalunya
- 1st
Boucles de l'Aulne
- 1st Stage 1a (
ITT
)
Vuelta Castilla y Leon
- 2nd Overall
Tour de Romandie
- 1st Stage 4b (
ITT
)
- 3rd Overall
Paris?Nice
- 3rd Overall
Tour de l'Oise
- 4th Overall
Vuelta a Aragon
- 5th
Subida al Naranco
- 6th
Road race
,
UCI Road World Championships
- 1993
- 1st Overall
UCI Road World Rankings
- 1st
Overall
Tour de France
- 1st Prologue & Stage 9 (
ITT
)
- 1st
Overall
Giro d'Italia
- 1st Stages 10 (
ITT
) & 19 (
ITT
)
- 1st
Overall
Vuelta Castilla y Leon
- 1st Stage 1a
- 1st
Clasica a los Puertos de Guadarrama
- 1st Stage 6 (
ITT
)
Vuelta a Murcia
- Vuelta a los Valles Mineros
- 1st Stages 2 & 4
- 2nd
Road race
,
UCI Road World Championships
- 2nd
Road race
, National Road Championships
- 3rd Overall
Vuelta Ciclista a la Communidad Valenciana
- 4th Overall
Volta a Catalunya
- 8th
Grand Prix of Aargau Canton
- 1994
- 1st
Overall
Tour de France
- 1st Stage 9 (
ITT
)
- 1st
Overall
Tour de l'Oise
- 1st Stage 4 (
ITT
)
- 1st Stage 3
Vuelta Castilla y Leon
- 2nd Overall
Vuelta Ciclista a la Communidad Valenciana
- 1st Stage 6 (
ITT
)
- 3rd Overall
Giro d'Italia
- 1995
- UCI Road World Championships
- 1st
Time trial
- 2nd
Road race
- 1st
Overall
Tour de France
- 1st Stages 8 (
ITT
) & 19 (
ITT
)
- 1st
Overall
Criterium du Dauphine Libere
- 1st Stage 3 (
ITT
)
- 1st
Overall
Grand Prix du Midi Libre
- 1st
Overall
Volta a Galicia
- 1st Stage 1
- 1st
Overall
Vuelta Ciclista a La Rioja
- 1st Stage 1a
- 1st Stage 5a
Vuelta a Aragon
- 3rd Overall
Vuelta a Asturias
- 1st Prologue & Stage 5
- 3rd Overall
Vuelta a los Valles Mineros
- 1st Stage 4
- 6th
Classique des Alpes
- 9th
Clasica de San Sebastian
- 1996
- 1st
Time trial
,
Olympic Games
- 1st
Overall
Criterium du Dauphine Libere
- 1st Stages 5 (
ITT
) & 6
- 1st
Overall
Volta ao Alentejo
- 1st Prologue & Stage 4
- 1st
Overall
Vuelta a Asturias
- 1st Prologue
- 1st
Overall
Euskal Bizikleta
- 1st Stage 5
- 2nd Overall
Vuelta a Burgos
- 4th Overall
Vuelta a Aragon
- 8th
Classique des Alpes
General classification results timeline
[
edit
]
Legend
?
|
Did not compete
|
DNF
|
Did not finish
|
Notes
[
edit
]
- ^
L'Equipe reported on 8 July 2001 that 2,000 children had taken up cycling in the town because of Indurain's fame.
- ^
Race rules forbid team managers to approach riders at the end of the race to avoid their cars interfering with the race or making it unsafe.
References
[
edit
]
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
L'Equipe
, France, 15 July 2000
- ^
"The Cycling Physiology of Miguel Indurain 14 Years After Retirement"
. Retrieved
10 July
2019
.
- ^
"Prudencio and Miguel Indurain: Cycling Brothers Just Alike, Except. . "
.
The New York Times
. 21 July 1993
. Retrieved
25 October
2019
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
L'Equipe, France, 2 July 2004
[
verification needed
]
- ^
"Miguel Indurain Olympic Results"
.
Sports Reference
. Archived from
the original
on 18 April 2020
. Retrieved
18 May
2015
.
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Further reading
[
edit
]
External links
[
edit
]
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*
In 1912, Giro was contested solely by teams, with no individual classification
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1903?1919
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1920?1939
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1940?1959
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1960?1979
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1980?1998
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1999?2019
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2020?present
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- Lance Armstrong
won the award in 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003 and 2004, but his results were removed due to the doping case.
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Road
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Track
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Cyclo-cross
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Mountain bike
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Prince of Asturias Award for Sports
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Princess of Asturias Award for Sports
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International
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National
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Other
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