From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Month of 1979
The following events occurred in
March 1979
:
March 1, 1979 (Thursday)
[
edit
]
- Died:
- Harvey Bailey
, 91, American bank robber who stole more than one million dollars between 1921 and 1933, then stayed in federal prison until 1964; he later wrote an autobiography titled
Robbing Banks Was My Business
.
[6]
- Dewey F. Bartlett
, 59, former
Governor of Oklahoma
and
U.S. Senator
, died of
lung cancer
.
[7]
[8]
[9]
- Mustafa Barzani
, 75,
Kurdish
leader who led armed fighting against both Iran and Iraq for a self-governing Kurdish homeland, died of lung cancer in an American hospital.
[10]
[11]
- Dolores Costello
, 75, American film actress known for
The Sea Beast
and
The Magnificent Ambersons
, grandmother of
Drew Barrymore
[12]
[13]
- Stefan Frenkel
, 76, Polish-born violinist, academic and composer, died of a
heart attack
.
[14]
[15]
March 2, 1979 (Friday)
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]
March 3, 1979 (Saturday)
[
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]
- Italian downhill skier
Leonardo David
was fatally injured during an
FIS Alpine SKI World Cup
race at
Lake Placid, New York
. David, an 18-year-old rookie, had won his first World Cup race less than a month earlier on February 7 at
Oslo
, and was less than 100 metres (330 ft) from the end of the 3,028 m (9,934 ft) course when he lost control, fell, and "spun several times and slid through the finish line".
[17]
[18]
He got back up, walked over to his team coach and collapsed while bending down to take off his skis.
[18]
He never regained consciousness and would remain in a coma until his death on February 26, 1985.
- Died:
Harry P. Cain
, 73, controversial U.S. Senator for
Washington
from 1946 to 1953, died of complications from
emphysema
.
[19]
[20]
March 4, 1979 (Sunday)
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]
- Previously unknown to astronomers,
rings
were discovered around the planet
Jupiter
by
Voyager 1
, the U.S. space probe.
[21]
- Pope
John Paul II
issued his first
encyclical
,
Redemptor hominis
(The Redeemer of Man), setting out the goals for his pontificate and proposed solutions for contemporary human problems. In the first paragraph, titled "At the close of the second Millennium", the Pope wrote that "this time...is already very close to the year 2000. At this moment it is difficult to say what mark that year will leave on the face of human history," but added that "it will be the year of a great Jubilee" that "will recall and reawaken in us in a special way our awareness of the key truth of faith which Saint John expressed at the beginning of his Gospel."
[22]
- Yes-or-no elections were held in the Soviet Union
for the Communist Party nominees in each electoral district for the official parliament, the
Supreme Soviet of the USSR
. Voting was mandatory for all eligible citizens, who were each presented with the name of the Communist candidate for the 750-member Soviet of Nationalities and the 750-member Soviet of the Union.
[23]
- Died:
March 5, 1979 (Monday)
[
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]
- The New York Times
and the
Los Angeles Times
adopted the
Pinyin
system of
spelling Chinese names
that had been implemented on January 1 by the government of the People's Republic of China for English-language press releases. Since the start of the century, the
Times
had used the
Wade?Giles
system. Among the updates revisions were "
Beijing
" for "Peking" and "
Deng Xiaoping
" for "Teng Hsiao-ping", as well as China's
Xinhua News Agency
itself, formerly "Hsinhua".
[25]
[26]
- MetroRio
, the first underground subway in Brazil's largest city,
Rio de Janeiro
, was opened with the inauguration of a 3.2 mi (5.1 km) segment linking the neighborhoods of Gloria and Cidade Nova.
[27]
- Voyager 1
made its closest approach to
Jupiter
, coming within 172,000 miles (277,000 km) of the largest planet in the Solar System.
- SGR 0525?66
, the first astronomical object to be detected from Earth as a "
soft gamma repeater
" ? a
neutron star
that emits large bursts of
gamma-ray
and
X-ray
radiation at irregular intervals? was observed by two Soviet space probes and, 11 seconds later, by a U.S. probe,
Helios 2
as all Earth-launched instruments were hit by a large blast of gamma radiation at approximately at 1551 UTC. The radiation was believed to be a magnetar giant flare, the first identified,
[
citation needed
]
from near
LMC N49
, a remnant of the
supernova
of a star in another galaxy, the
Large Magellanic Cloud
, an estimated 163,000
light-years
from Earth.
- Died:
Alan Crofoot
, 49, Canadian operatic
tenor
, jumped to his death from the fifth floor of a hotel in
Dayton, Ohio
.
[28]
March 6, 1979 (Tuesday)
[
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]
- The
People's Republic of China
announced that it had started withdrawing troops from
Vietnam
[29]
after 17 days of war. The cost of the three-week
Sino-Vietnamese War
to Vietnam was the destruction of bridges, roads, provincial hospitals and the electrical power grid in the Lao Cai, Lang Son and Cao Bang provinces.
[30]
- Voters in the U.S. Virgin Islands
overwhelmingly rejected a proposed constitution that would have provided limited self-government for the U.S. territory. Out of a little more than 10,000 voters, less than 44 percent approved the proposal for an elected governor and territorial legislature.
- Died:
Charles Wagenheim
, 83, American actor, was beaten to death by his caregiver, Stephanie Boone, after a confrontation with her for forging checks.
[31]
March 7, 1979 (Wednesday)
[
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]
- Operation Rekstok
, a series of
South African
raids in
Angola
against bases of the
South-West Africa People's Organization
(SWAPO) as part of the
South African Border War
,
[32]
took place in coordination with a simultaneous raid by the
South African Defence Force
into
Zambia
against the
People's Liberation Army of Namibia
(PLAN),
Operation Saffraan
.
[33]
- World Team Tennis
(WTT), which had operated for five seasons, suspended further operations after one of its two remaining teams folded. During summer of 1978 season, WTT had competed with 10 franchises that each played a 44-game schedule.
[34]
During the off-season, however, teams dropped out of the league, one by one, and after January, only the Phoenix Racquets and the Golden Gaters of San Francisco were still operating. Citing economic problems, Phoenix announced that it would go out of business. The Golden Gaters, the only team left in the WTT, announced later in the day that, since "they had been left with no opposition", they "were forced to conclude that there would not be a season" in 1979.
[35]
[36]
WTT would return in 1981 with a shorter schedule.
[37]
- Died:
- Andres Figueroa Cordero
, 54, one of four Puerto Rican terrorists who entered the U.S. Capitol on March 1, 1954, and shot five U.S. Representatives during a session of Congress, died of cancer in his hometown of
Aguada, Puerto Rico
, a little more than six months after his release from federal prison.
[38]
- Lei Chen
, 81, former government minister of the
Kuomintang Party
government in mainland China and later in
Taiwan
, who later became an opposition leader and was jailed for 13 years for sedition.
[39]
- Guiomar Novaes
, 84, Brazilian concert pianist, died after a heart attack.
[40]
March 8, 1979 (Thursday)
[
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]
- Britain's
Aerospace Developments AD500
airship, the prototype for the Skyline 500, was damaged in a storm after heavy winds prevented it from being taken into its hangar. The AD500 had made its maiden flight only 33 days earlier, on February 3.
[41]
- The office of
Prime Minister of Algeria
was re-established after having been disbanded in 1963. Interior Minister
Mohamed Ben Ahmed Abdelghani
was named by President
Chadli Bendjedid
to the position.
[42]
- Thousands of women participated in the
International Women's Day Protests in Tehran, 1979
, against the introduction of mandatory veiling during the
Iranian revolution
.
- Died:
Richard C. Meredith
, 41, American science fiction author, died of a
cerebral hemorrhage
, three months before the publication of his last novel,
The Awakening
.
March 9, 1979 (Friday)
[
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]
March 10, 1979 (Saturday)
[
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]
- An estimated 15,000 women and girls walked off their jobs and left schools to march in protest against the restriction of rights and privileges under the new
Shi'ite Islamic
regime, defying calls by the Ayatollah Khomeini that they should wear the
chador
to comply with Shia beliefs regarding female modesty.
[48]
Although women continued in professional work, by 1981, restrictions on female wardrobe would be put into place and continue until the death of Khomeini in 1989.
[49]
- Born:
March 11, 1979 (Sunday)
[
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]
- The
Battle of Lukaya
, a turning point in the ongoing
Uganda?Tanzania War
, occurred at
Lukaya
, when the Ugandan Army was decisively defeated by Tanzanian troops and had its war making ability crippled.
[50]
The victory gave Tanzanian troops and Ugandan rebels a key bridge across the
Katonga River
, and removed the chief geographic obstacle standing in the way of the capital,
Kampala
, 60 miles (97 km) away.
- The first competition of the new
Championship Auto Racing Teams
(CART) organization, which had been founded by racing team owners dissatisfied with the
United States Auto Club
, was held as the first of 12 races in its
1979 series
. Conducted at
Phoenix International Raceway
at
Avondale, Arizona
, the "
Arizona Republic/Jimmy Bryan 150
" was won by
Gordon Johncock
.
- Iran formally withdrew from the
CENTO
(the Central Treaty Organisation), its alliance with the United Kingdom, Pakistan and Turkey. Pakistan followed the next day
[51]
and CENTO, reduced to an alliance between two members of NATO, disbanded by the end of the month.
- Died:
- Victor Kilian
, 88, American film and TV actor, was beaten to death by burglars at his home in
Hollywood
.
[52]
Kilian and his fellow actor, Charles Wagenheim (who had been murdered five days earlier), had recently acted in an episode of the TV show
All in the Family
. The episode was aired on March 20, 1979, nine days after Kilian's death.
- Charlie Wiggins
, 81, African-American auto racer during the 1920s and 1930s, from injuries sustained more than 40 years earlier in 1936.
[53]
- Rallapalli Ananta Krishna Sharma
, 86, Indian scholar and noted composer of
Carnatic music
March 12, 1979 (Monday)
[
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]
- Mello Yello
was introduced by
The Coca-Cola Company
as a caffeinated, citrus-flavored soft drink to compete with
PepsiCo
's
Mountain Dew
.
[54]
- Luis Herrera Campins
was inaugurated to a five-year term as
President of Venezuela
, after winning the
presidential election
held on December 3.
[55]
- Stig Bergling
, an officer of Sweden's national investigative agency
RPS/Sak
(now SAPO), was arrested at the
Tel Aviv
airport by Israel's spy agency, the
Shin Bet
, after being identified by his superiors as a spy for the Soviet
GRU
. After being turned over to Sweden, Bergling was sentenced to life imprisonment, but would escape in 1987.
- Three brothers
? Linwood, James and Anthony Briley ? began a series of random home invasions and murders that terrorized the city of
Richmond, Virginia
, and its suburbs over a period of more than seven months, starting with their attempt to burn a married couple to death. On March 21, they would kill the first of 11 victims, a vending machine salesman.
- Died:
March 13, 1979 (Tuesday)
[
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]
- Maurice Bishop
led a successful coup in the South American island nation of
Grenada
while Prime Minister
Eric Gairy
was out of the country at the
United Nations
. After Gairy had flown to New York, Bishop led an attack on the police barracks and the broadcast studios of Radio Grenada, and Deputy Prime Minister Herbert Preudhomme persuaded the police to surrender by 4:00 in the afternoon.
[58]
[59]
After ruling for more than three years as leader of Grenada's
People's Revolutionary Government
, Bishop would be deposed by his deputy prime minister,
Bernard Coard
, then executed by a firing squad, after which the
United States would invade the island
to remove Coard from office.
- The new
European Currency Unit
(ECU) came into use after
France
agreed to link the value of its monetary currency, the
franc
, to the currencies of West Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Ireland and Denmark.
[60]
It replaced the
European Unit of Account
(EUA) at parity in 1979, and would later be replaced by the
euro
on January 1, 1999.
- Alia Royal Jordanian Flight 600
crashed, killing 45 of the 64 people on board, when it flew into a thunderstorm while attempting a landing in Qatar and a downdraft caused the aircraft to drop 750 feet (230 m).
[61]
- Michael Prokes, a survivor of the
Jonestown Massacre
in Guyana, committed suicide during a press conference in
Modesto, California
.
[62]
[63]
Prokes called a press conference in a Modesto motel room. Eight reporters attended. After reading a statement, Prokes excused himself, went into the bathroom, and shot himself in the head with a .38 revolver. His suicide note ended with the words, "If my death doesn't prompt another look at what brought about the end of Jonestown, then life wasn't worth living anyway."
- Born:
- Died:
March 14, 1979 (Wednesday)
[
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]
- A CAAC
Trident airplane
crashed into a factory near Beijing, killing 32 people on the ground and all 11 people on the airplane.
[66]
[67]
- Thirty people were burned to death and 22 others seriously injured in Greece, in a collision between a Greek bus and a Yugoslavian tanker hauling gasoline.
[68]
The disaster took place north of
Evzonoi
in central Macedonian Greece, near the border crossing to
Bogorodica
in the
SR Macedonia
of
Yugoslavia
.
- At the
Geneva Airport
in
Switzerland
, a prisoner exchange took place between the nation of
Israel
and the
Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine
(PFLP), with Israel releasing 76 Palestinians from multiple organizations in exchange for Israeli Army private Abraham Amram, who had been held captive in Lebanon for almost a year. In an arrangement made by the Swiss-based
International Committee of the Red Cross
, Private Amram (who had been captured on April 5, 1978) was flown from Damascus, Syria, to Geneva on a
Balkan Bulgarian Airlines
Tu-154
, and 60 Palestinian men and six women were flown to Geneva on an
El Al
Boeing 707. Ten other Palestinians elected to stay in the occupied West Bank.
[69]
- Born:
Ellie Greenwood
, Scottish distance runner who held the record for fastest 100 km run for a woman; in
Dundee
.
- Died:
March 15, 1979 (Thursday)
[
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]
- General
Joao Figueiredo
was inaugurated to a six-year term as the 30th
President of Brazil
and would serve until 1985 during which the South American nation would make the transition to having civilian government after more than 20 years of military rule.
[71]
- An
insurrection of Muslim extremists
in
Afghanistan
began in the city of
Herat
after the preaching by mullahs to thousands who wanted a revolution similar to that which had happened in Iran.
- At the Iranian city of
Qom
, two thousand members of the
Iran Scout Organization
were addressed by the Ayatollah Khomeini at the Feizieh School, who told them "You dear ones, must keep up your enthusiasm. You must guard your movement."
[72]
- The oil tanker
MV
Kurdistan
broke in two after striking an ice field off the coast of the Canadian province of
Nova Scotia
and spilled 6,000 tons of oil.
[73]
The tanks in its stern section remained intact and the remaining 16,000 tons of oil were offloaded after the wreckage was towed to at
Sept-Iles, Quebec
.
- The U.S. x-ray telescope satellite
High Energy Astronomy Observatory 1
(HEAO-1), launched on August 12, 1977, fell from orbit and burned up on re-entry into Earth's atmosphere. During its operation, it scanned electromagnetic radiation above all areas on Earth three times.
- Born:
Kevin Youkilis
, American baseball player, winner of the 2008
Hank Aaron Award
in the American League; in
Cincinnati
March 16, 1979 (Friday)
[
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]
- Major hostilities between China and Vietnam in the
Sino-Vietnamese War
came to an end as Chinese troops withdrew.
- The
Central Treaty Organisation
(CENTO) disbanded after only two members, the United Kingdom and Pakistan, remained.
- Habib Elghanian
, a Tehran businessman and the most prominent member of
Iran's Jewish community
, was arrested by the new government and charged with espionage for Israel. On May 8, he was found guilty of multiple crimes after a 20-minute hearing, sentenced to death, and executed by a firing squad the next day. Elghanian was the first of 17 Jewish leaders to be executed on accusations of espionage. Of more than 80,000 Jews living in Iran at the time of the Islamic Revolution, the vast majority would emigrate from the country to the U.S. and Israel, and less than 10,000 would remain forty years later.
[74]
- The film
The China Syndrome
, about an accident at a nuclear reactor and a subsequent cover-up, was released in U.S. theaters nationwide. Produced by and starring
Michael Douglas
, along with
Jane Fonda
and
Jack Lemmon
,
[75]
the film came out only 12 days before the
most significant nuclear power plant accident in U.S. history
- Died:
March 17, 1979 (Saturday)
[
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]
March 18, 1979 (Sunday)
[
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]
March 19, 1979 (Monday)
[
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]
- C-SPAN
, the Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network, an American cable channel focusing on government and public affairs, went on the air with a live broadcast of a session of the U.S. House of Representatives, starting with a speech by then-Congressman
Al Gore
of
Tennessee
.
[90]
- Born:
Hidayet "Hedo" Turko?lu
, Turkish professional basketball player with 15 seasons in the NBA and one in the EuroLeague; in
Istanbul
- Died:
March 20, 1979 (Tuesday)
[
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]
- In a sign of the rapid growth in China of privately-owned vehicles, the capital at
Beijing
activated the first automatic traffic lights in the Communist nation, setting up nine timer-controlled traffic signals at intersections on the busiest road in the city. While the time between signals was relatively long? "2 minutes and 10 seconds during rush hour"? the upgrade was an improvement over the manually-operated signals that had been "controlled by policemen who sometimes waited 10 minutes to change them."
[94]
- Afghanistan's leader
Nur Muhammad Taraki
met with Soviet premier
Alexei Kosygin
to request Soviet Army ground troops to protect his government's security.
- Lutz Eigendorf
, midfielder for the East German soccer football team
BFC Dynamo
, defected to
West Germany
while his team was in
Giessen
following a friendly match (an exhibition game) against
1. FC Kaiserslautern
.
[95]
- Died:
March 21, 1979 (Wednesday)
[
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]
- Anthropologist
Mary Leakey
announced the earliest known evidence, up to that time, of
bipedalism
in
hominids
, the evolutionary ancestral line of
homo sapiens
, based on the discovery of two pairs of footprints left in hardened volcanic ash. Presenting her findings at a press conference at the
National Geographic Society
headquarters in Washington D.C., Dr. Leakey said that the new findings showed that hominids walked, upright, 500,000 years earlier than previously believed and the development in hominids made it possible for the hands to be freed for tool-making and other activities, commenting "All modern technology stems from this single development."
[98]
The find of the footprints "was the first in the history of science to provide direct evidence of physical activity by humankind's apelike ancestors, changing previously held assumptions about primates."
[99]
- Born:
Melissa Gorga
, American TV personality on
The Real Housewives of New Jersey
; as Melissa Ann Marco in
Toms River, New Jersey
March 22, 1979 (Thursday)
[
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]
- Two gunmen shot and killed the UK Ambassador to the Netherlands, Sir
Richard Sykes
, 58, as he was preparing to enter a car to be driven from his home in
The Hague
to the British Embassy. The assassins also killed Karel Straub, an embassy employee who was holding the car door open for Sykes.
[100]
The
Irish Republican Army
would later claim responsibility for the attack and gave as its motive that Sykes "had been engaged in intelligence operations against our organisation", apparently for authoring a report on the 1976 assassination of the British Ambassador to Ireland,
Christopher Ewart-Biggs
.
[101]
- National Hockey League
(NHL) owners voted, 14 to 3, to approve a
partial merger
with the rival
World Hockey Association
(WHA), bringing an end to the WHA and absorbing four of its six franchises (the
Edmonton Oilers
,
Winnipeg Jets
,
Quebec Nordiques
and
New England Whalers
). The other two WHA teams, the
Cincinnati Stingers
and the
Birmingham Bulls
, folded at the end of the season.
[102]
An earlier vote of 12 to 5, taken on March 8, failed because it lacked the 75% majority by a single vote.
- Israel
's parliament, the
Knesset
, voted 95 to 18 to authorize Prime Minister
Menahem Begin
to sign the negotiated peace treaty with Egypt.
[103]
- Died:
Manuel Colom Argueta
, 44, Guatemalan leftist politician and Mayor of
Guatemala City
, was shot to death, along with two of his bodyguards, as he was being driven to his office. Colom, leader of the Front of Revolutionary Unity (
Frente Unido de la Revolucion
, or FUR) and a foe of Guatemala's right-wing military government, had registered his organization as a political party.
[104]
March 23, 1979 (Friday)
[
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]
- Chad's President
Felix Malloum
resigned six weeks after a civil war broke out between his supporters and those of Prime Minister
Hissene Habre
. Malloum was replaced by an eight-member governing counsel chaired by
Goukouni Oueddei
.
[105]
- In a professional basketball
game that took 135 days to complete
,
[106]
the
Philadelphia 76ers
defeated the visiting
New Jersey Nets
, 123 to 117, after NBA Commissioner Larry O'Brien had ordered a replay of the last 17 minutes and 50 seconds of a game that had started on November 8, 1978. The Nets had protested a referee's call of three technical fouls (and the free throw attempts that followed) on player Bernard King and head coach Kevin Loughery, in a game that the 76ers had won, 137 to 133, based on scores that should not have been allowed (the rule being that only two technical fouls can be called on a person, the second of which results in ejection from the game). The replayed game resumed with the score 84 to 81 in favor of the 76ers and 5:50 remaining in the third quarter. Because of a player trade between November and March, three players?
Eric Money
,
Ralph Simpson
and
Harvey Catchings
? played for both teams. Money is the only NBA player to score for both sides in the same game, having 23 points for the Nets in November and 4 for the 76ers in March.
[107]
[108]
- Born:
Mark Buehrle
, American baseball pitcher known for pitching a
perfect game
in 2009; in
St. Charles, Missouri
- Died:
Philip Bourneuf
, 71, American character actor on stage, film, and TV
[109]
March 24, 1979 (Saturday)
[
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]
- Murray MacLehose
, the British
Governor of Hong Kong
, made the first official visit to the
People's Republic of China
by a governor of the British colony on the Chinese mainland, after being invited by Chinese Vice Premier
Deng Xiaoping
.
[110]
At the time, the United Kingdom had a little more than 18 years left on its lease of the 400 sq mi (1,000 km
2
) territory, expiring on June 30, 1997. Governor MacLehose would return to Hong Kong 11 days later as one of the first passengers on the reopened
Kowloon?Canton Railway
.
- The first fully functional
Space Shuttle
orbiter,
Columbia
, was delivered to the
Kennedy Space Center
, arriving on the
Shuttle Carrier Aircraft
, to be prepared for its first launch.
[111]
- Died:
- Sir
Jack Cohen
, 80, English grocer who founded the
Tesco
chain of supermarkets in 1919.
- Chic Anderson
, 47, American horse racing sportscaster, died of a heart attack.
March 25, 1979 (Sunday)
[
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]
March 26, 1979 (Monday)
[
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]
March 27, 1979 (Tuesday)
[
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]
March 28, 1979 (Wednesday)
[
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]
- America's most serious
nuclear power plant
accident occurred, at
Three Mile Island
, adjacent to
Middletown, Pennsylvania
, near the state capital at
Harrisburg
, with a partial meltdown and destruction of the TMI-2, one of the nuclear reactors at the plant.
[116]
At about 4:00 in the morning local time, a relief valve in the coolant system on the pressurizer in TMI-2 opened and got stuck, causing reactor coolant to leak out for the next two hours. Control room operators misinterpreted the readings and turned off the automated emergency cooling system, and by the time an emergency was declared at 6:48 a.m., (1148 UTC), two-thirds of the 12 foot (3.7 m) reactor core had been exposed and high radiation levels existed in several areas of the plant.
[117]
Although later studies concluded that there had been no increase in incidents of cancer among two million people living in the central Pennsylvania area, it would take more than 14 years and over one billion dollars to complete the cleanup of the contamination. By 1990, radioactive waste from the wreckage of the reactor had been transported to
Idaho
for storage at the National Engineering Laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, and the removal of the 2.23 million gallons of
tritium
-contaminated radioactive water inside TMI-2 had required the use of an electric evaporation system to convert the liquid into steam to be gradually released".
[118]
- British Prime Minister
James Callaghan
and his coalition
Labour Party
government lost a
vote of no confidence
by one vote, as the resolution "that this House has no confidence in Her Majesty's Government" passed, 311 to 310.
[119]
Margaret Thatcher
, the Leader of the Opposition and of the Conservative Party, made the motion. One Labour MP, Sir
Alfred Broughton
, was hospitalized with a terminal illness and unable to vote in Callaghan's favor, and an offer by Conservative MP
Bernard Weatherill
to abstain in light of Broughton's absence was declined by the Labour MP who had asked for an abstention as part of a tradition of "pairing". Broughton died five days later.
[120]
Parliament was dissolved the next day and Callaghan announced the setting of a general election to be held on May 3.
[121]
- An unidentified Russian man, with a hand grenade strapped to his body, entered the United States Embassy in
Moscow
at 2:30 in the afternoon after being escorted inside by an embassy official, Robert W. Pringle, whom he had met outside. Once in the waiting room, the man demanded that he be granted a visa so that he could emigrate from the Soviet Union. After five hours of unsuccessful negotiations, the Moscow city police stormed the Embassy with a barrage of tear gas and gunfire, and at 10:46 p.m., the man pulled the pin on the grenade and died in the explosion.
[122]
- Died:
Emmett Kelly
, 80, American clown in circus, television and film
[123]
March 29, 1979 (Thursday)
[
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]
- Eleven people were killed in the crash of
Quebecair Flight 255
, a turboprop Fairchild F-27, at the
Quebec City
airport. The plane, with 24 people on board, fell after taking off on a flight to
Montreal
.
[124]
- British Prime Minister
James Callaghan
announced that elections for the House of Commons would be held on May 3.
[125]
- Died:
March 30, 1979 (Friday)
[
edit
]
- A two-day referendum on establishing an Islamic Republic
and abolishing the monarchy began in
Iran
and continued through the next day, with all but 140,000 out of more than 20,000,000 voters declaring in favor of creating the republic.
[127]
- Romanian Prime Minister
Manea Manescu
was dismissed by vote of the Romanian Communist Party leadership, and was replaced by
Ilie Verdet
, a Communist hard-liner and a close associate of President
Nicolae Ceausescu
.
[128]
- Joachim Deckarm
, a member of the West German national
team handball
squad, was left paralyzed from the neck down after being seriously injured in the semifinals of the
European Handball Federation Cup Winners' Cup
tournament. Deckarm was playing for
VfL Gummersbach
team against a Hungarian team,
Tatabanya KC
.
[129]
- Adolfo Suarez
, the
Prime Minister of Spain
, won a vote of confidence in the Cortes, 183 to 149, on his plans to create a minority coalition government.
[130]
- Buck Rogers in the 25th Century
, based on the iconic science fiction comic strip
Buck Rogers
that ran in newspapers from 1929 to 1967, was released nationwide as a film starring
Gil Gerard
in the title role. Although there were plans for a sequel about the
astronaut
, who woke up after more than 500 years in suspended animation, and the film would be panned by one critic who commented, "Get some sleep, Buck,"
[131]
the film would be successful enough to become
a TV series
on
NBC
.
- Died:
March 31, 1979 (Saturday)
[
edit
]
- Malta
declared what is now celebrated annually as "Freedom Day" (Jum il-Helsien) as the 179-year British military presence ended, with the departure of the
Royal Navy
from the
Maltese Islands
.
[134]
[135]
- The first known instance of the birth of a child conceived after the mother's
uterus
had been removed, and carried to term, took place in
England
at
Musgrove Park Hospital
, located in the town of
Taunton
. The mother, Mrs. Alison Trott of the village of
Norton Fitzwarren
in
Somerset
, had undergone a
hysterectomy
11 months earlier, two months before Martin Trott's conception.
[136]
- At a meeting in
Baghdad
, the foreign ministers of 18 Arab nations and the Palestine Liberation Organization voted to sever all diplomatic and economic relations with
Egypt
in retaliation for its treaty with
Israel
.
[137]
- By a margin of a single vote, the newly organized government of Italy's Prime Minister
Giulio Andreotti
failed, 149 to 150, to win a test of confidence, prompting Andreotti and his cabinet to announce their resignation to President
Sandro Pertini
.
[138]
- Eight people were injured in the U.S. city of
Decatur, Illinois
, after three elephants escaped from a performance of the George Hubler International Circus at a high school gymnasium. A 17-year-old student who had struck one of the animals in the rear with a broom was believed to have caused the incident and was arrested and charged with disorderly conduct.
[139]
- Died:
Ethel Ernestine Harper
, 75, African-American teacher and actress best known for her portrayal of the advertising character "
Aunt Jemima
" and the model for the image of the trademarked symbol on the Quaker Oats line of pancake mixes and syrups.
[140]
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- ^
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- ^
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- ^
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- ^
"Trudeau, Fighting to Hold Reins, Sets Canadian Voting for May 22", by Henry Giniger,
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- ^
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- ^
"Radiation Is Released in Accident At Nuclear Plant in Pennsylvania", by Donald Janson,
The New York Times
, March 29, 1979, p. A1
- ^
"Timeline of the accident at Three Mile Island"
, by Christine Baker,
Harrisburg (PA) Patriot-News
, March 22, 2009
- ^
"14-Year Cleanup at Three Mile Island Concludes"
,
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, August 15, 1993, p. 19
- ^
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, March 29, 1979, p. D23
- ^
"11 Die as Airliner Crashes Near Quebec Airport",
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, March 30, 1979, p. A8
- ^
"Callaghan Appeals for Votes, Sets Election for May 3", by William Borders,
The New York Times
, March 30, 1979, p. A1
- ^
"Easter, 63, Killed by Holdup Pair",
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, March 30, 1979, p. B6
- ^
"Landslide Victory for Khomeini Reported in Voting".
The New York Times
. April 1, 1979. p. A6.
- ^
"Rumania Replaces Its Prime Minister? Confidant of Ceausescu Is Named as Party Fights Lag in Output".
The New York Times
. March 31, 1979. p. A4.
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- ^
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"New Italian Cabinet Defeated in Senate".
The New York Times
. April 1, 1979. p. A19.
- ^
"3 Circus Elephants Bolt, 8 Hurt in Illinois".
The New York Times
. April 2, 1979. p. A12.
- ^
"Actress Ethel Harper dies; 'Aunt Jemima' to millions".
Chicago Tribune
. April 3, 1979. p. 13.