Eastern Orthodox church in North Macedonia
The
Macedonian Orthodox Church ? Archdiocese of Ohrid
(
MOC-AO
;
Macedonian
:
Македонска православна црква ? Охридска архиепископи?а
), or simply the
Macedonian Orthodox Church
(
MOC
) or the
Archdiocese of Ohrid
(
AO
), is an
autocephalous
Eastern Orthodox
church in
North Macedonia
. The Macedonian Orthodox Church claims
ecclesiastical jurisdiction
over North Macedonia, and is also represented in the
Macedonian diaspora
. The
primate
of the Macedonian Orthodox Church is
Stefan Veljanovski
, the
Metropolitan of Skopje and Archbishop of Ohrid and Macedonia
.
In 1959, the
Holy Synod of the Serbian Orthodox Church
granted
autonomy
to the Macedonian Orthodox Church in the then-
Socialist Republic of Macedonia
, as the restoration of the historic
Archbishopric of Ohrid
;
[1]
the MOC was united with the Serbian Orthodox Church (SOC) as a part of the SOC. In 1967, on the bicentennial anniversary of the abolition of the Archbishopric of Ohrid, the Macedonian
Holy Synod
unilaterally announced its
autocephaly
from the Serbian Orthodox Church. The Serbian synod denounced the decision and condemned the clergy as schismatic.
[2]
Thenceforth, the Macedonian Church had remained unrecognized by all
mainstream Eastern Orthodox churches
for 55 years.
[1]
[3]
The Macedonian Orthodox Church was formally reintegrated into the mainstream
Eastern Orthodox community
in 2022. On 9 May 2022, the
Ecumenical Patriarchate
accepted the MOC into
communion
and recognized North Macedonia as its
canonical territory
. On 16 May of the same year, the schism between the Serbian and Macedonian churches ended, with the Serbian church stating the MOC was restored as an
autonomous
part of the Serbian church according to its 1959 status. On 24 May, the SOC announced it recognised the autocephaly of the MOC. In June 2022, the Serbian Orthodox Church officially granted autocephaly to the MOC, and the Ecumenical Patriarchate officially recognized the MOC as a legitimate autocephalous church.
History
[
edit
]
Background
[
edit
]
Following the fall of the
First Bulgarian Empire
, Byzantine Emperor
Basil II
acknowledged the autocephalous status of the
Bulgarian Orthodox Church
and set up its boundaries, dioceses, property and other privileges.
The Archbishopric
was seated in Ohrid in the
Byzantine theme of Bulgaria
and was established in 1019 by lowering the rank of the autocephalous Bulgarian Patriarchate and its subjugation to the jurisdiction of the
Patriarchate of Constantinople
.
[4]
[5]
In 1767 the Ohrid Archbishopric was abolished by the Ottoman authorities and annexed to the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople. During the
Bulgarian National awakening
, efforts were made in Ottoman Macedonia for the restoration of a Bulgarian church in the region separate from the Greek Patriarchate, and in 1870 the
Bulgarian Exarchate
was created. The Christian population of the bishoprics of
Skopje
and
Ohrid
voted in 1874 overwhelmingly in favour of joining the exarchate, and the Bulgarian Exarchate became in control of most of the
Macedonian region
. There were also unsuccessful attempts made by some to specifically restore the Ohrid Archbishopric itself, most notably by
Theodosius of Skopje
.
Following
Vardar Macedonia
's incorporation into Serbia in 1913, several of the Bulgarian Exarchate's dioceses were forcefully taken over by the
Serbian Orthodox Church
.
[6]
While the region was occupied by Bulgaria during
World War I
and
World War II
, the local dioceses temporarily came under the control of the Bulgarian Exarchate.
[7]
[8]
The first modern assembly of
Macedonian
clergy was held in the village of
Izdeglavje
near Ohrid in 1943.
[9]
In October 1944, an initiative board for the organization of the Macedonian Orthodox Church was officially formed.
[1]
In 1945, the first clergy and people's synod met and adopted a
resolution
for the restoration of the
Ohrid Archbishopric
as a
Macedonian Orthodox Church
. It was submitted to the Serbian Orthodox Church, which since 1919 had been the sole church in Vardar Macedonia. The resolution was rejected, but a later one, submitted in 1958 at the second synod, was accepted on June 17, 1959, by the Serbian Orthodox Church under pressure from the Socialist authorities. Dimitrija Stojkovski, a
Macedonian
, was appointed the first
archbishop
of Ohrid and Metropolitan of Macedonia under the name
Dositheus II
.
[1]
Self-proclaimed autocephaly
[
edit
]
At its third synod in 1967, on the bicentennial anniversary of the abolition of the Archbishopric of Ohrid, the Macedonian Church proclaimed its
autocephaly
(full administrative independence). Serbian Church bishops denounced the decision and condemned the clergy as schismatic.
[2]
For all the subsequent efforts to gain recognition, the autocephaly of the Macedonian Church was not recognized by other canonical Eastern Orthodox churches, due to opposition from the SOC.
[1]
Since the
breakup of Yugoslavia
(the 1990s), the Serbian Patriarchate had sought to restore its control over the Macedonian Church.
[10]
The later chain of events turned into a
vicious circle
of mutual accusations and incidents involving the Serbian Orthodox Church and, partly, the Serbian government on one side, and the MOC, backed by the Macedonian government on the other. The Macedonian side regarded Jovan as a traitor and Serbian puppet. Jovan complained of a new state-backed media campaign against his church.
[11]
The government has denied registration to his organisation,
[12]
and launched a criminal case against him. He was arrested, removed from his bishopric and then expelled from the country and later sentenced to 18 months in prison
[13]
and jailed
[14]
with "extremely limited visitation rights".
[15]
In turn, the Serbian Church denied a Macedonian delegation access to the monastery of
Prohor P?injski
, which was the usual site of Macedonian celebration of the national holiday of Ilinden (literally meaning
St. Elijah
Day) on August 2
[16]
and the site where the First Session of
ASNOM
was held. Macedonian border police often denied Serbian priests entry into the country in clerical garb.
[17]
On 12 November 2009, the Macedonian Orthodox Church added "Archdiocese of Ohrid" to its official name and changed its
coat of arms
and flag.
[18]
This name change was a way for the MOC to proclaim itself as the successor of the
Archbishopric of Ohrid
.
[19]
Recognition efforts
[
edit
]
In November 2017,
Bulgarian National Television
announced the content of a letter that the MOC had sent to the
Holy Synod
of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church requesting talks on recognition of the Macedonian Orthodox Church. The letter was signed by Archbishop
Stefan Veljanovski
. Among other things, the letter stated: "The Bulgarian Orthodox Church - Bulgarian Patriarchate, taking into account the unity of the Orthodox Church and the real spiritual and pastoral needs, should establish
eucharistic unity
with the restored Ohrid Archbishopric in the face of the Macedonian Orthodox Church".
[20]
On 27 November, the Holy Synod of the Bulgarian patriarchate accepted the proposal that it become Macedonia's
mother church
and agreed to work towards recognition of its status.
[21]
[22]
[23]
The Serbian Church expressed its surprise over the Bulgarian decision to be “mother” to the Macedonian Church.
[24]
On 14 May 2018, the Bulgarian Orthodox Church decided to decline the invitation from the Macedonian Orthodox Church to participate in the festivities celebrating the 1000th anniversary of the establishment of the Archbishopric of Ohrid. They also declined to send a representative to the celebration.
[25]
In late May 2018, the
Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople
announced it had accepted the request from Skopje to examine the
canonical
status of the Ohrid Archbishopric.
[26]
[27]
On 13 January 2020, the Ecumenical Patriarch
Bartholomew
received North Macedonia's prime minister
Oliver Spasovski
and his predecessor
Zoran Zaev
.
[28]
According to the Ecumenical Patriarchate's statement, "The purpose of the visit was to examine the ecclesiastical problem of the country. The previous stages of the matter were discussed during the meeting."
[29]
It was announced that the patriarch would invite both the Serbian Orthodox Church and the Macedonian Orthodox Church to a joint meeting in a bid to find a mutually acceptable solution to the country's ecclesiastical issue.
[29]
In September 2020, the President of North Macedonia,
Stevo Pendarovski
, wrote a letter asking the Ecumenical Patriarch, asking him to recognise the MOC.
[30]
Communion with mainstream Eastern Orthodoxy
[
edit
]
On 9 May 2022, the
Holy Synod
of the Ecumenical Patriarchate stated it recognised the Macedonian Orthodox Church, its hierarchy and faithful, and established
eucharistic
communion
with it. It also stated that it recognised the MOC's
jurisdiction
as being over
North Macedonia
. However, the Ecumenical Patriarchate explicitly refused to
recognise the word "Macedonia" or any other derivative to designate the church
, and stated it would use "Ohrid" to refer to it.
[a]
The Holy Synod also stated it was the role of the Serbian Orthodox Church to settle the administrative issues the Serbian Church had with the MOC.
[31]
[32]
[33]
The decision of the Ecumenical Patriarchate was welcomed by North Macedonia's Prime Minister,
Dimitar Kova?evski
.
[19]
After the Ecumenical Patriarchate announced communion with the MOC, the Russian Orthodox Church came to the conclusion that it recognizes only the canonical rights of the Serbian Orthodox Church and refuses to recognize the MOC's jurisdiction over North Macedonia.
[34]
On 16 May, the
Holy Synod of the Serbian Orthodox Church
released a statement that the situation of the MOC was resolved. The Holy Synod stated that full ecclesiastical
autonomy
was restored to the MOC under the Patriarchate of Serbia, bringing the MOC-OA
fully into communion
with the mainstream Eastern Orthodox world.
[35]
[36]
[37]
Recognized autocephaly
[
edit
]
On 24 May 2022, the feast of
saints Cyril and Methodius
,
[38]
during a
liturgy presided by both primates
of the MOC-OA and the Serbian Orthodox Church in Skopje,
Patriarch Porfirije
of the Serbian Church announced to the faithful that "the Holy Synod of the Serbian Orthodox Church has unanimously met the pleas of the Macedonian Orthodox Church and has accepted and recognized its autocephaly."
[39]
[40]
[41]
[42]
During this liturgy, the primate of the MOC-OA stated he considered the
Mother Church
of the MOC to be the
Ecumenical Patriarchate
.
[38]
[43]
On 5 June 2022, during a
concelebration
of the
Divine Liturgy
in Belgrade between the SOC and the MOC,
Patriarch Porfirije
of Serbia gave a
tomos
of autocephaly to
Archbishop Stefan
.
[44]
[45]
[46]
[47]
On the same day, Archbishop Stefan stated that he only recognised autocephaly that is granted from the Ecumenical Patriarchate, in accordance, he stated, with
canon law
.
[48]
The formal statement from the MOC released the following day explained that it viewed the document it had received from the SOC as a mere "recommendation [...] of autocephaly".
[49]
[50]
[51]
On 8 June 2022, the
Church of Greece
agreed to recognize the canonicity of the MOC, but continues to object to the inclusion of the term "Macedonian" in the church's title, as well as the fact that its
tomos
was granted by the SOC instead of the Ecumenical Patriarchate. The question of whether the right to grant autocephaly remains with a respective church's Mother Church or the Ecumenical Patriarchate is part of a long-lasting and serious debate within the Orthodox world.
[52]
On 10 June 2022, on a visit to Istanbul, Archbishop Stefan was handed the Patriarchal and Synodal Act confirming the canonical and liturgical unity with the Church of Constantinople.
[53]
[54]
On 12 June, the
Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew
and Archbishop Stefan concelebrated the Divine Liturgy at the
Church of St. George
in the
Phanar
.
[55]
[56]
Present at this liturgy was a delegation of the
Government of North Macedonia
: the prime minister of North Macedonia,
Dimitar Kova?evski
, the Minister of Foreign Affairs,
Bujar Osmani
, the
Minister of Defence
,
Slavjanka Petrovska
, and the Minister of Internal Affairs,
Oliver Spasovski
; also present was a delegation of the
Interparliamentary Assembly on Orthodoxy
led by its General Secretary Maximos Charakopoulos.
[3]
[57]
After this liturgy, Kova?evski was received by the Ecumenical Patriarch in a private audience; Kova?evski thanked the Ecumenical Patriarch for his decision of recognizing the MOC, and stated the Patriarch had corrected a historical injustice by doing so.
[57]
On 22 June 2022, the
Bulgarian Orthodox Church
established communion with the MOC.
[58]
On 25 August 2022, the
Russian Orthodox Church
established communion with the MOC and formally recognized it as autocephalous.
[59]
The autocephaly of the MOC was then formally recognized by the
Polish Orthodox Church
in October 2022,
[60]
the
Orthodox Church of Ukraine
in November 2022,
[61]
the Bulgarian Orthodox Church in December 2022,
[62]
and the
Romanian Orthodox Church
and
Orthodox Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia
in February 2023.
[63]
[64]
However, the Bulgarian Orthodox Church continues to object to the inclusion of "Archdiocese of Ohrid" in the MOC's name, as it understands itself as the continuation of the ancient
Archbishopric of Ohrid
.
[62]
In addition to the Church of Greece and the Ecumenical Patriarchate, the canonicity of the MOC was recognized by the
Patriarchate of Antioch
in October 2022,
[65]
and the
Georgian
and
Albanian Orthodox Churches
in February 2023.
[66]
The church has also concelebrated with the
Patriarchate of Jerusalem
and the
Orthodox Church in America
, whose synods have not formally addressed the issue of its canonicity or its autocephaly as of March 2023.
[67]
As of March 2023, the MOC has neither concelebrated with, nor have its canonicity and autocephaly been recognized by the
Patriarchate of Alexandria
and the
Church of Cyprus
.
[67]
In May 2024, the Macedonian Orthodox Church has rejected Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople's final conditions for its independence. It has not yet received any official decree for its recognition. MOC has not agreed to change its name, dropping "Macedonian" from it to secure for itself such a decree. Many
[
who?
]
fear MOC has been caught between the interests of Moscow and Constantinople, with the Serbian Church close to Moscow. Some observers worried that this has put the Macedonian Church in the Russian sphere of influence. Moreover in the last year the MOC aligned with Moscow against the new Ukrainian Church.
[68]
Some observers link these facts to the outcome of the
May elections in North Macedonia
. Much of the Greek media is associating this situation with the newly-elected Macedonian President's refusal to use "North Macedonia" during her oath.
[69]
Meanwhile, the Ecumenical Patriarchate has challenged the validity of a document issued by the Serbian church about the independence of MOC and accused the last of a pro-Russian pre-orientation.
[70]
Organization
[
edit
]
Dioceses on the territory of North Macedonia
[
edit
]
- Diocese of Skopje
, headed by Archbishop
Stefan
;
- Diocese of Tetovo and Gostivar
, headed by Metropolitan
Joseph
;
- Diocese of Kumanovo and Osogovo
, headed by Metropolitan
Joseph
;
- Diocese of Debar and Ki?evo
, headed by Metropolitan
Timothy
;
- Diocese of Prespa and Pelagonia
, headed by Metropolitan Peter;
- Diocese of Strumica
, headed by Metropolitan
Naum
;
- Diocese of Bregalnica
, headed by Metropolitan
Hilarion
;
- Diocese of Povardarie
, headed by Metropolitan Agathangel;
- Diocese of Kru?evo and Demir Hisar
, headed by Metropolitan
Jovan
;
- Diocese of Deljadrovci-Ilinden
, headed by Metropolitan
Joachim
;
- Diocese of Del?evo and Makedonska Kamenica
, headed by Metropolitan
Mark
.
Diaspora dioceses
[
edit
]
- American-Canadian Diocese
, headed by Metropolitan Methodius
- European Diocese
, headed by Metropolitan Pimen
- Diocese of Australia and New Zealand
, administered by Metropolitan Peter of Prespa and Pelagonia, headquarters in
Melbourne
.
- Diocese of Australia and Sydney
, administered by Metropolitan
Timothy
of Debar and Ki?evo, headquarters in
Sydney
.
Outside the country, the church is active in 4
dioceses
in the
Macedonian diaspora
. The 12 dioceses of the church are governed by ten
Episcopes
, with around 500 active priests in about 500
parishes
with over 2000 churches and
monasteries
. The church claims jurisdiction of about twenty living monasteries, with more than 100 monks.
[71]
Titular Bishops
[
edit
]
Note
[
edit
]
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
The encyclopedia of Christianity
. Vol. 3. Erwin Fahlbusch, Jan Mili? Lochman, John S. Mbiti, Jaroslav Pelikan, Lukas Vischer, G. W. Bromiley. Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. 2003. p. 381.
ISBN
0-8028-2413-7
.
OCLC
39914033
.
{{
cite book
}}
: CS1 maint: others (
link
)
- ^
a
b
"РУССКАЯ ПРАВОСЛАВНАЯ ЦЕРКОВЬ XX ВЕК. 10 ОКТЯБРЯ"
. Retrieved
14 September
2014
.
- ^
a
b
"Συλλε?τουργο Οικουμενικο? Πατρι?ρχη-Αρχιεπισκ?που Αχρ?δο? στο Φαν?ρι"
[Ecumenical Patriarch, Archbishop of Ohrid in the Phanar].
Ορθοδοξ?α News Agency
(in Greek). 2022-06-12
. Retrieved
2022-06-13
.
- ^
Nevill Forbes; Arnold J. Toynbee; D. Mitrany; D. G. Hogarth (2004).
The Balkans: A History of Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece, Romania, Turkey
. Digital Antiquaria. pp. 28?29.
ISBN
1-58057-314-2
.
- ^
Treadgold, Warren T. (1997).
A History of the Byzantine State and Society
. Stanford University Press. p.
528
.
ISBN
1-58057-314-2
.
- ^
Klejda Mulaj (2008) Politics of Ethnic Cleansing: Nation-State Building and Provision of In/Security in Twentieth-Century Balkans, Lexington Books, p. 24,
ISBN
073914667X
.
- ^
Ivan Zhelev Dimitrov, “Bulgarian Christianity,” in The Blackwell Companion to Eastern Christianity, ed. Ken Parry (2010) John Wiley & Sons, pp. 47-72,
ISBN
1444333615
.
- ^
Shkarovsky, Mikhail Vitalyevich (2017) "Church Life in Macedonia During World War II," Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe: Vol. 37: Iss. 4 , Article 5.
- ^
Macedonia and Greece: the struggle to define a new Balkan nation By John Shea, p. 174
- ^
Macedonia and Greece: the struggle to define a new Balkan nation
, John Shea. p. 174
- ^
"MACEDONIA: Why is state interfering in Orthodox dispute?"
. Forum18.org
. Retrieved
2011-11-05
.
- ^
"MACEDONIA: Serbian Orthodox "will never get registration"
"
. Forum18.org
. Retrieved
2011-11-05
.
- ^
"IWPR Institute for War & Peace Reporting"
. Iwpr.net. 1980-12-25
. Retrieved
2011-11-05
.
- ^
"Christianity - Faith in God, Jesus Christ - Christian Living, Trivia"
. Archived from
the original
on 25 March 2006
. Retrieved
14 September
2014
.
- ^
"Southeast Europe Online"
. Southeasteurope.org
. Retrieved
2011-11-05
.
- ^
"Press Online"
. Lobi.com.mk
. Retrieved
2011-11-05
.
- ^
"Eca 15"
. Hrw.org. 1999-10-31
. Retrieved
2011-11-05
.
- ^
"Македонската Православна Црква со нов грб - Македонско хералдичко здружение"
.
heraldika.org.mk
.
- ^
a
b
c
"North Macedonia welcomes Ecumenical Patriarchate's recognition of Church of Ohrid"
.
Athens-Macedonian News Agency
. 10 May 2022
. Retrieved
2022-06-14
.
- ^
Македонската архиепископия е готова да признае БПЦ за Църква-майка.
"Вяра и общество с Горан Благоев", 18.11.2017.
- ^
Рeшение на Св. Синод по повод отправено писмо от Македонската православна църква.
27 November 2017, Българска Патриаршия
- ^
Bulgarian Holy synod will do all it can to make Macedonian church canonical
. November 27, 2017.
- ^
BOC accepted to be mother-church of MOC-OA
. Kurir News Agency, 28.11.2017.
- ^
Bulgarian Orthodox Synod supports the Macedonian Church strive for recognition
. 30 November 2017.
- ^
"РЕШЕНИЯ на Св. Синод от заседанието на 14.05.18г"
.
www.bg-patriarshia.bg
. Archived from
the original
on 15 May 2018
. Retrieved
22 May
2022
.
- ^
Orthodox Church of fYROMacedonia returns to normality
ibna, 31 May 2018.
- ^
The Ecumenical Patriarchate accepts the request of the Schismatic Church of Macedonia (FYROM) to examine its canonical status
orthodoxie.com, 31 May 2018.
- ^
"Премиерот Спасовски оствари средба со Вселенскиот Патри?арх г. г. Вартоломе? во седиштето Цариградската Патри?арши?а во Истанбул"
. Government of North Macedonia. 13 January 2020
. Retrieved
14 January
2020
.
- ^
a
b
"The Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew had a meeting with the Prime Minister of North Macedonia, at Oliver Spasovski's request, regarding the country's ecclesiastical problem"
. Orthodox Times. 13 January 2020
. Retrieved
14 January
2020
.
- ^
"North Macedonia requests church autocephaly from Ecumenical Patriarch"
.
eKathimerini.com
. 21 September 2020
. Retrieved
2022-05-09
.
- ^
"Phanar: Yes to the recognition, no to "Macedonia" for the Archdiocese of Ohrid"
.
Orthodox Times
. Retrieved
2022-05-09
.
- ^
"Οικουμενικ? Πατριαρχε?ο: Αναγνωρ?ζει τη σχισματικ? εκκλησ?α των Σκοπ?ων"
.
Ορθοδοξ?α News Agency
(in Greek). 2022-05-09
. Retrieved
2022-05-09
.
- ^
"Αποφ?σει? τη? Αγ?α? και Ιερ?? Συν?δου σχετικ? με το εκκλησιαστικ? θ?μα του Κρ?του? τη? Βορε?ου Μακεδον?α?"
.
Οικουμενικ? Πατριαρχε?ο
(in Greek). 9 May 2022
. Retrieved
2022-06-17
.
- ^
Лилия Чалева, Какво следва от решението на Вселенската патриаршия за Охридската епископия?
10 май 2022, Dir.bg
.
- ^
"Church of Serbia for North Macedonia: We are not under the influence or pressure of anyone"
.
Orthodox Times
. 16 May 2022
. Retrieved
2022-05-16
.
- ^
"Саопште?е Светог Архи?ере?ског Сабора"
.
spc.rs
. 16 May 2022.
- ^
"The Assembly of the SOC approved the canonical unity of the MOC-OA - Free Press"
.
Слободен печат
. 2022-05-16
. Retrieved
2022-05-16
.
- ^
a
b
"Беседа на Архиепископот во денот на светите Кирил и Методи? (24.05.2022)"
.
Premin
. 25 May 2022
. Retrieved
2022-06-15
.
- ^
"RSE: SPC priznala autokefalnost Makedonske pravoslavne crkve"
.
Vijesti
(in Montenegrin). 2022-05-24
. Retrieved
2022-05-24
.
- ^
"Serbian Patriarch Brings "Good News" to Newly-Recognised Macedonian Church"
.
Balkan Insight
. 2022-05-24
. Retrieved
2022-05-24
.
- ^
"BREAKING: Patriarch Porfirije announces autocephaly of Macedonian Church (+VIDEO)"
.
OrthoChristian.Com
. Retrieved
2022-05-24
.
- ^
"Patriarchate of Serbia recognizes the autocephaly of Archdiocese of Ohrid"
.
Orthodox Times
. 24 May 2022
. Retrieved
2022-05-24
.
- ^
"Архиепископ Стефан: Када се ?убав дели ? она се умножава! | Српскa Православнa Црквa [Званични са?т]"
.
www.spc.rs
(in Serbian)
. Retrieved
2022-06-15
.
- ^
Efthimiou, Efi (5 June 2022).
"Patriarchate Of Serbia overrides centuries old traditions: It granted 'Tomos of Autocephaly' to Ohrid Archdiocese"
.
Orthodox Times
. Retrieved
2022-06-05
.
- ^
"Macedonian Church receives tomos of autocephaly from Serbian Church"
.
OrthoChristian.Com
. Retrieved
2022-06-05
.
- ^
"Патри?арх Порфири?е у Саборно? цркви у Београду: Црква се умножава у духу ?еван?е?а Христовог (ФОТО/ВИДЕО)"
.
Televizija Hram
. Retrieved
2022-06-05
.
- ^
"Zvani?no priznata autokefalnost ? Porfirije uru?io tomos arhiepiskopu Stefanu"
(in Serbian). N1. 5 June 2022
. Retrieved
5 June
2022
.
- ^
"Архиепископот Стефан за То Вима: Единствено Вселенската Патри?арши?а издава томос за автокефалност"
.
РЕЛИГИ?А.МК
(in Macedonian). 2022-06-05.
- ^
"Archbishop of Ohrid finks out on the Serbs: We will get the Tomos of Autocephaly from the Ecumenical Patriarch"
.
Orthodox Times
. 6 June 2022
. Retrieved
2022-06-06
.
- ^
"МПЦ-ОА: Со документот на СПЦ црквата се претставува како досто?на за автокефаност"
.
РЕЛИГИ?А.МК
(in Macedonian). 2022-06-06.
- ^
"Соопштение од Кабинетот на Архиепископот"
.
mpc.org.mk
(in Macedonian). МПЦ. 2022-06-07.
- ^
"Greek Synod objects to name and territory of Macedonian Orthodox Church"
.
OrthoChristian.Com
. 8 June 2022
. Retrieved
27 March
2023
.
- ^
"Εγινε στο Φαν?ρι επ?σημα η αποκατ?σταση τη? εκκλησιαστικ?? κοινων?α? τη? Αρχιεπισκοπ?? Αχρ?δο?"
.
≪Εθνικ?? Κ?ρυκα?≫
(in Greek). 2022-06-11
. Retrieved
2022-06-13
.
- ^
Spirovska, Aleksandra (10 June 2022).
"Архиепископот Стефан од патри?архот Вартоломе? го прими Патри?аршискиот акт"
.
Macedonian Radio Television
(in Macedonian).
- ^
"Concelebration at the Phanar with Bartholomew and the Archbishop of Ohrid (LIVE)"
.
Orthodox Times
. 12 June 2022
. Retrieved
2022-06-12
.
- ^
"Οικουμενικ?? Πατρι?ρχη? σε Αχρ?δο? Στ?φανο: "Η απ? τ?ρα πορε?α σα? εξαρτ?ται αποκλειστικ? απ? τη δικ? σα? συμπεριφορ?"
"
.
orthodoxianewsagency.gr
. 12 June 2022.
- ^
a
b
"Κοβ?τσεφσκι: Ευχαριστο?με τον Πατρι?ρχη Βαρθολομα?ο για τον τερματισμ? μια? ιστορικ?? αδικ?α?"
[Kovacevski: We thank Patriarch Bartholomew for ending a historic injustice].
www.ieidiseis.gr
(in Greek). 2022-06-12
. Retrieved
2022-06-13
.
- ^
"Bulgarian Orthodox Church restores canonical communion with Church of Northern Macedonia"
.
OrthoChristian.Com
. Retrieved
2022-06-23
.
- ^
"Русская Православная Церковь признала Македонскую Православную Церковь ? Охридскую Архиепископию автокефальной Церковью-Сестрой"
.
- ^
"Polish Church officially recognizes Macedonian Orthodox Church"
.
OrthoChristian.Com
. 27 October 2022
. Retrieved
27 March
2023
.
- ^
"Primate of Macedonian Orthodox Church added to diptychs of Ukrainian Orthodox Church"
.
OrthoChristian.Com
. 23 November 2022
. Retrieved
27 March
2023
.
- ^
a
b
"Bulgarian Church recognizes autocephaly of Macedonian Church, but without title "Ohrid"
"
.
OrthoChristian.Com
. 20 December 2022
. Retrieved
27 March
2023
.
- ^
Efi Efthimiou (10 February 2023).
"Patriarchate of Romania recognised the autochephaly the Serbs granted to the Archdiocese of Ohrid"
.
- ^
"Czech-Slovak Church recognizes Macedonian-Ohrid autocephaly"
.
OrthoChristian.Com
. 13 February 2023
. Retrieved
27 March
2023
.
- ^
"Antiochian Synod officially recognizes Macedonian Orthodox Church"
.
OrthoChristian.Com
. 19 October 2022
. Retrieved
27 March
2023
.
- ^
"Georgian Church enters into communion with Macedonian Church"
.
OrthoChristian.Com
. 16 February 2023
. Retrieved
27 March
2023
.
- ^
a
b
"Albanian Church enters into communion with Macedonian-Ohrid Church"
.
OrthoChristian.Com
. 27 February 2023
. Retrieved
27 March
2023
.
- ^
Sinisa Jakov Marusic, Macedonian Church Rejects Constantinople’s Conditions for Independence.
Balkaninsight, May 22, 2024.
- ^
Ива Капкова, Македонската църква не приема условията на Вселенската патриаршия за промяна на името.
27 май 2024 г.
- ^
Andreja Bogdanovski, Macedonian Church’s Independence Challenged by Constantinople Patriarch.
BIRN, May 3, 2024.
- ^
"Macedonian Orthodox Church today"
.
www.mpc.org.mk
. Retrieved
2021-10-24
.
Further reading
[
edit
]
External links
[
edit
]
|
---|
Sovereign states
| |
---|
States with limited
recognition
| |
---|
|
---|
International
| |
---|
National
| |
---|
Other
| |
---|