From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Earthquakes of magnitude 8.0 and greater from 1900 to 2018. The apparent 3D volumes of the bubbles are linearly proportional to their respective fatalities.
[1]
The following is a summary of significant earthquakes during the 21st century.
In terms of fatalities, the
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake
was the most destructive event with 227,898 confirmed fatalities, followed by the
2010 Haiti earthquake
with about 160,000 fatalities,
[2]
the
2008 Sichuan earthquake
with 87,587 fatalities, the
2005 Kashmir earthquake
with 87,351 fatalities, and the
2023 Turkey?Syria earthquakes
with at least 59,488 fatalities.
The
2011 T?hoku earthquake and tsunami
became the
costliest natural disaster
, resulting in approximately $360 billion in property damage at the time, followed by the
2023 Turkey?Syria earthquakes
and the
2008 Sichuan earthquake
, which resulted in $163.6 billion and $150 billion in damage, respectively.
List of deadliest earthquakes
[
edit
]
Rank
|
Fatalities
|
Magnitude
|
Location
|
Event
|
Date
|
1
|
227,898
|
9.2?9.3
|
Indonesia
,
Indian Ocean
|
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami
|
December 26, 2004
|
2
|
160,000
[3]
|
7.0
|
Haiti
|
2010 Haiti earthquake
|
January 12, 2010
|
3
|
87,587
|
7.9
|
China
|
2008 Sichuan earthquake
|
May 12, 2008
|
4
|
87,351
|
7.6
|
Pakistan
|
2005 Kashmir earthquake
|
October 8, 2005
|
5
|
62,013
|
7.8
|
Turkey
,
Syria
|
2023 Turkey?Syria earthquakes
|
February 6, 2023
|
6
|
34,000
[4]
|
6.6
|
Iran
|
2003 Bam earthquake
|
December 26, 2003
|
7
|
20,085
|
7.7
|
India
|
2001 Gujarat earthquake
|
January 26, 2001
|
8
|
19,759
|
9.0?9.1
|
Japan
|
2011 T?hoku earthquake and tsunami
|
March 11, 2011
|
9
|
8,964
|
7.8
|
Nepal
|
2015 Nepal earthquake
|
April 25, 2015
|
10
|
5,782
|
6.4
|
Indonesia
|
2006 Yogyakarta earthquake
|
May 26, 2006
|
11
|
4,340
|
7.5
|
Indonesia
|
2018 Sulawesi earthquake and tsunami
|
September 28, 2018
|
12
|
2,960
|
6.8
|
Morocco
|
2023 Al Haouz earthquake
|
September 8, 2023
|
13
|
2,698
|
6.9
|
China
|
2010 Yushu earthquake
|
April 13, 2010
|
14
|
2,266
|
6.8
|
Algeria
|
2003 Boumerdes earthquake
|
May 21, 2003
|
15
|
2,248
|
7.2
|
Haiti
|
2021 Haiti earthquake
|
August 14, 2021
|
16
|
1,482
[5]
|
6.3
|
Afghanistan
|
2023 Herat earthquakes
|
October 7, 2023
|
17
|
1,313
|
8.6
|
Indonesia
|
2005 Nias?Simeulue earthquake
|
March 28, 2005
|
18
|
1,200
[6]
|
6.1
|
Afghanistan
|
2002 Hindu Kush earthquakes
|
March 25, 2002
|
19
|
1,163
|
6.0
|
Afghanistan
,
Pakistan
|
June 2022 Afghanistan earthquake
|
June 21, 2022
|
20
|
1,115
|
7.6
|
Indonesia
|
2009 Sumatra earthquakes
|
September 30, 2009
|
- Note
: At least 1,000+ fatalities
List of largest earthquakes by magnitude
[
edit
]
Rank
|
Magnitude
|
Event
|
Location
|
Date
|
1
|
9.2?9.3
|
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake
|
Indonesia
,
Sumatra
,
Indian Ocean
,
|
December 26, 2004
|
2
|
9.0?9.1
|
2011 T?hoku earthquake
|
Japan
,
T?hoku
,
Pacific Ocean
|
March 11, 2011
|
3
|
8.8
|
2010 Chile earthquake
|
Chile
,
Maule
|
February 27, 2010
|
4
|
8.6
|
2005 Nias?Simeulue earthquake
|
Indonesia
,
Sumatra
|
March 28, 2005
|
4
|
8.6
|
2012 Indian Ocean earthquakes
|
Indonesia
,
Sumatra
|
April 11, 2012
|
5
|
8.5
|
September 2007 Sumatra earthquakes
|
Indonesia
,
Sumatra
|
September 12, 2007
|
- Note
: At least 8.5+ magnitude
List of costliest earthquakes
[
edit
]
Note:This only ranks immediate costs, for example, nuclear meltdown and climate and fossil fuel costs, as well as other ongoing costs from quakes are not included.
Deadliest earthquakes by year
[
edit
]
These are the deadliest earthquakes per year
[21]
Year
|
Total fatalities
|
Deadliest earthquake
|
Fatalities
|
Magnitude
|
Location
|
Date
|
2001
|
21,357
|
2001 Gujarat earthquake
|
20,085
|
7.7
|
India
|
January 26
|
2002
|
2,693
|
2002 Hindu Kush earthquakes
|
1,200
|
6.1
|
Afghanistan
|
March 25
|
2003
|
36,832
|
2003 Bam earthquake
|
34,000
|
6.6
|
Iran
|
December 26
|
2004
|
228,755
|
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami
|
227,898
|
9.1?9.3
|
Indonesia
,
Indian Ocean
|
December 26
|
2005
|
87,992
|
2005 Kashmir earthquake
|
87,351
|
7.6
|
Pakistan
|
October 8
|
2006
|
6,605
|
2006 Yogyakarta earthquake
|
5,782
|
6.4
|
Indonesia
|
May 26
|
2007
|
708
|
2007 Peru earthquake
|
595
|
8.0
|
Peru
|
August 15
|
2008
|
88,708
|
2008 Sichuan earthquake
|
87,587
|
7.9
|
China
|
May 12
|
2009
|
1,790
|
2009 Sumatra earthquakes
|
1,115
|
7.6
|
Indonesia
|
September 30
|
2010
|
164,627
|
2010 Haiti earthquake
|
160,000
|
7.0
|
Haiti
|
January 12
|
2011
|
21,492
|
2011 T?hoku earthquake and tsunami
|
19,759
|
9.0?9.1
|
Japan
|
March 11
|
2012
|
689
|
2012 East Azerbaijan earthquakes
|
306
|
6.4
|
Iran
|
August 11
|
2013
|
1,572
|
2013 Balochistan earthquakes
|
825
|
7.7
|
Pakistan
|
September 24
|
2014
|
756
|
2014 Ludian earthquake
|
729
|
6.1
|
China
|
August 3
|
2015
|
9,624
|
2015 Nepal earthquake
|
8,964
|
7.8
|
Nepal
|
April 25
|
2016
|
1,339
|
2016 Ecuador earthquake
|
673
|
7.8
|
Ecuador
|
April 16
|
2017
|
1,232
|
2017 Iran?Iraq earthquake
|
630
|
7.3
|
Iran
|
November 12
|
2018
|
5,239
|
2018 Sulawesi earthquake and tsunami
|
4,340
|
7.5
|
Indonesia
|
September 28
|
2019
|
288
|
2019 Albania earthquake
|
51
|
6.4
|
Albania
|
November 26
|
2020
|
207
|
2020 Aegean Sea earthquake
|
119
|
7.0
|
Turkey
Greece
|
October 30
|
2021
|
2,494
|
2021 Haiti earthquake
|
2,248
|
7.2
|
Haiti
|
August 14
|
2022
|
1,775?2,075
|
June 2022 Afghanistan earthquake
|
1,163
|
6.2
|
Afghanistan
Pakistan
|
June 21
|
2023
|
66,872
|
2023 Turkey?Syria earthquakes
|
62,013
|
7.8
|
Turkey
Syria
|
February 6
|
2024
|
276
|
2024 Noto earthquake
|
245
|
7.5
|
Japan
|
January 1
|
Largest earthquakes by year
[
edit
]
These are the largest earthquakes by magnitude per year
Lists of earthquakes by decade
[
edit
]
Gallery
[
edit
]
- 21st-century earthquakes gallery
-
The
2001 Gujarat earthquake
occurred in a part of
India
with relatively low seismicity, devastating the cities of
Anjar
and
Bhuj
.
-
The
2003 Bam earthquake
destroyed several historic landmarks, including a citadel.
-
The
2004 Indian Ocean tsunami
is one of the deadliest natural disasters in recent history.
-
The
2005 Kashmir earthquake
destroyed several towns, and caused extensive damage and landslides as far as the Pakistani capital
Islamabad
.
-
The
2006 Yogyakarta earthquake
was a fairly moderate event, but caused widespread damage across eastern
Java
.
-
The
2007 Peru earthquake
caused severe damage in the city of
Pisco
, and was the deadliest in the country since
1970
.
-
The
2008 Sichuan earthquake
was the costliest earthquake in Chinese history, with over $150 billion
USD
.
-
The
2009 Sumatra earthquake
caused destruction, fires and
liquefaction
in the city of
Padang
.
-
The
2010 Haiti earthquake
was the most destructive compared to its magnitude, due to poorly constructed buildings and the earthquake's proximity to the capital
Port-au-Prince
.
-
The
2011 Christchurch earthquake
was a shallow event and very close to the city, resulting in extensive damage to population centers.
-
-
The
2012 East Azerbaijan earthquakes
severely affected 150 villages and killed hundreds of people.
-
The
2015 Nepal earthquake
caused extensive damage in
Kathmandu
and triggered
the deadliest avalanche
on Mount Everest.
-
The
2018 Sulawesi earthquake
caused major
liquefaction
in villages around the city of
Palu
.
-
The
2021 Haiti earthquake
was the country's largest earthquake in its modern history.
-
The
June 2022 Afghanistan earthquake
caused severe destruction and many villages were destroyed.
-
The
2022 West Java earthquake
killed hundreds and destroyed tens of thousands of houses, despite its moderate magnitude.
-
The
2023 Turkey?Syria earthquakes
were among
Turkey
's strongest. It also killed thousands in
Syria
.
-
The
2023 Al Haouz earthquake
was one of the deadliest and the most powerful earthquake ever recorded in modern-day
Morocco
.
-
The
2024 Noto earthquake
was
Japan
's deadliest since
2016
, with the towns of
Suzu
and
Wajima
largely destroyed.
See also
[
edit
]
Notes
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
"USGS: Magnitude 8 and Greater Earthquakes Since 1900"
. Archived from
the original
on November 12, 2009
. Retrieved
October 1,
2014
.
- ^
Kolbe, Athena R.; Hutson, Royce A.; Shannon, Harry; Trzcinski, Eileen; Miles, Bart; Levitz, Naomi; Puccio, Marie; James, Leah; Roger Noel, Jean; Muggah, Robert (2010). "Mortality, crime and access to basic needs before and after the Haiti earthquake: a random survey of Port-au-Prince households".
Medicine, Conflict and Survival
.
26
(4): 281?297.
doi
:
10.1080/13623699.2010.535279
.
PMID
21314081
.
S2CID
26000167
.
- ^
Kolbe, Athena R.; Hutson, Royce A.; Shannon, Harry; Trzcinski, Eileen; Miles, Bart; Levitz, Naomi; Puccio, Marie; James, Leah; Roger Noel, Jean; Muggah, Robert (2010). "Mortality, crime and access to basic needs before and after the Haiti earthquake: a random survey of Port-au-Prince households".
Medicine, Conflict and Survival
.
26
(4): 281?297.
doi
:
10.1080/13623699.2010.535279
.
PMID
21314081
.
S2CID
26000167
.
- ^
"After 17 Years Iran Finally Announces 34,000 Died In Bam Earthquake"
. Iran International. December 26, 2020
. Retrieved
February 24,
2023
.
- ^
World Health Organization (October 16, 2023).
"Afghanistan Earthquakes in Herat Province, Health Situation Report No. 8, 15-16 October 2023"
. ReliefWeb.
Archived
from the original on October 18, 2023
. Retrieved
October 17,
2023
.
- ^
Yeats, Robert S.; Madden, Christopher (2003). "Damage from the Nahrin, Afghanistan, Earthquake of 25 March 2002".
Seismological Research Letters
.
74
(3): 305?311.
Bibcode
:
2003SeiRL..74..305Y
.
doi
:
10.1785/gssrl.74.3.305
.
- ^
Victoria Kim (March 21, 2011).
"Japan damage could reach $235 billion, World Bank estimates"
.
Los Angeles Times
.
Archived
from the original on March 31, 2011
. Retrieved
March 21,
2011
.
- ^
"Deprem bolgesinde fatura borclarının silinmesi icin sure uzatıldı"
. Milat Gazetsi. August 22, 2023
. Retrieved
November 9,
2023
.
- ^
"Political failure has killed people in Syria before and after the earthquakes"
. Counsil for Arab-British Understanding. April 10, 2023
. Retrieved
April 14,
2023
.
- ^
Watts, Jonathan (August 15, 2008).
"Sichuan quake: China's earthquake reconstruction to cost $150bn"
.
The Guardian
. Retrieved
January 27,
2024
.
- ^
"Four years on: Insurance and the Canterbury Earthquakes"
(PDF)
. Deloitte Access Economics. February 2015. Archived from
the original
(PDF)
on January 24, 2016
. Retrieved
February 29,
2016
.
- ^
"Significant Earthquake Database"
.
NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
. Retrieved
May 20,
2015
.
- ^
Guha-Sapir, Debarati; Santos, Indhira; Borde, Alexandre (2013).
The Economic Impacts of Natural Disasters
. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 252.
ISBN
978-0-19-984193-6
.
- ^
Santanu Baruah; Sowrav Saikia; Saurabh Baruah; Pabon K. Bora; Ruben Tatevossian; J. R. Kayal (March 19, 2014).
"The September 2011 Sikkim Himalaya earthquake Mw 6.9: is it a plane of detachment earthquake?"
.
Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk
.
7
: 248?263.
doi
:
10.1080/19475705.2014.895963
.
S2CID
128915677
.
- ^
"2016 Kumamoto Earthquake Survey Report (Preliminary)"
(PDF)
. Asian Disaster Reduction Center
. Retrieved
January 27,
2024
.
- ^
"Gov't estimates central Japan quake damage will reach 2.6 tril. yen"
.
Kyodo News
. January 26, 2024
. Retrieved
January 26,
2024
.
- ^
"Italy Quake Reconstruction to Cost at Least $16 Billion"
.
Fox News
. April 15, 2009. Archived from
the original
on April 19, 2009
. Retrieved
October 23,
2012
.
- ^
"Where can I learn more about the 1906 Earthquake?"
. Berkeley Seismological Lab. December 11, 2011.
- ^
National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS) (1972).
"Significant Earthquake Database"
.
Significant Earthquake Database
(Data Set).
National Geophysical Data Center
,
NOAA
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doi
:
10.7289/V5TD9V7K
.
- ^
"Global earthquake death toll from 2000 to 2015"
.
Statista.com
. Retrieved
December 3,
2019
.
Sources
External links
[
edit
]