International trips made by presidents of the United States
have become a valuable part of the
United States
'
interactions with foreign nations
since such trips were first made in the early 20th century. Traveling abroad is one of the many duties of the
president of the United States
, leading the nation's diplomatic efforts through
state visits
, private meetings with foreign leaders or attending
international summits
. These are complicated undertakings that require months of planning along with a great deal of coordination and communication.
In the 19th century, American social
convention
made international travel by the
incumbent
president
taboo
, though foreign travel by former presidents was acceptable. The most widely publicized trip of this nature was the 1877?79
world tour of Ulysses S. Grant
. Domestic travel was regarded as a welcome opportunity for presidents to talk with the people who had elected them, but foreign travel was seen in an altogether different light. The general public did not want their president mingling with royalty, visiting grand palaces, or exchanging bows with kings and queens.
[1]
This taboo was broken in the early 20th century, as policy makers at the federal level began to reevaluate the nation's role in international affairs.
The first international presidential trip,
Theodore Roosevelt
's 1906 visit to
Panama
, signaled a new era in how presidents conducted diplomatic relations with other countries.
[2]
Roosevelt's four immediate successors made at least one international trip while in office, cementing the acceptability of presidential global travel.
New transportation technologies also played a role in the changing patterns of presidential travel as well. Early in the 20th century, trips were made by
steamship
. When
Woodrow Wilson
traveled to Europe aboard the
George Washington
in 1918?19, the voyage took nine days. Forty years later,
Dwight Eisenhower
made the same trip by
jet
in nine hours. Jet aircraft enabled American presidents to travel the globe in ways that would have been impractical if not inconceivable before.
[1]
While Eisenhower was the first president to travel by jet (and the first to travel via
helicopter
as well), the first
airplane
trips by a sitting president were those of
Franklin D. Roosevelt
. He made multiple long-distance trips abroad by plane, each one an offshoot of
Allied
diplomatic interactions
during
World War II
.
Lyndon B. Johnson
, who flew 523,000 miles aboard
Air Force One
while in office, made the first round-the-world presidential trip in December 1967.
The frequency and travel distance of presidential international travel has increased dramatically since
George H. W. Bush
became president in 1989. In 1990 the military version of the
Boeing 747
, the
VC-25
, was introduced for the use of the president. The planes have over 4,000 square feet (372 m
2
) of floor space, a bedroom and a shower, and enough secure communications to allow the plane to be a reasonable place to run the country. The plane is accompanied by a heavy lift aircraft that carries the helicopters and the limousines. Presidents
Bill Clinton
(1993?2001) and
George W. Bush
(2001?2009) visited 72 and 73 countries respectively during their terms of office. All totaled, they went to 91 countries with a combined population of 85% of the world total. President
Barack Obama
(2009?2017) visited 58 countries. Presidential visits of over 10,000 miles (16,093 km) are common. A round the world trip was first done by Johnson and subsequently has been done by presidents Nixon and Bush. Trips to Europe and Asia are becoming almost routine in the 21st century.
Early 20th century trips
[
edit
]
With the completion of the
Panama Canal
in 1914, the American
Panama Canal Zone
became a major staging area for the
U.S. military
and the U.S. became the dominant military power in
Central America
.
[3]
When Theodore Roosevelt traveled to Panama in November 1906 to inspect progress on the canal, he became the first U.S. president to leave the country while in office.
[4]
Subsequently, both
William Howard Taft
(in 1909)
[5]
and
Warren G. Harding
(in 1920)
[6]
visited Panama while each was the
president-elect
.
Taft and Harding each made one international trip while president. Taft and Mexican president
Porfirio Diaz
exchanged visits across the
Mexico?United States border
, at
El Paso, Texas
, and
Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua
, in October 1909. While filled with much symbolism, the meetings did pave the way for the start of construction on the
Elephant Butte Dam
project in 1911, even as Mexico fell into
revolution
.
[7]
Harding made an official visit to
Vancouver
,
British Columbia
, on July 27, 1923 (six days prior to his death). Greeted dock-side by the
premier of British Columbia
and the
mayor of Vancouver
, he was given a parade through the city to
Stanley Park
, where he spoke to an audience estimated at over 40,000.
[8]
Woodrow Wilson
made
two international trips
while in office. When he sailed for France in December 1918 for the
Paris Peace Conference
, he became the first sitting president to travel to Europe.
[9]
He spent nearly seven months in Europe, interrupted by a brief nine-day return to the U.S. in late February 1919.
[10]
Wilson was awarded the 1919
Nobel Peace Prize
for his peacemaking efforts.
[11]
While in
Rome
, he met with
Pope Benedict XV
; this was the first meeting between an incumbent American president and a reigning pope.
[12]
Calvin Coolidge
traveled to
Havana
, Cuba, in January 1928, where he addressed the
Sixth International Conference of American States
. There, he extended an
olive branch
to
Latin American
leaders embittered over America's
interventionist policies
in Central America and the
Caribbean
. It was the only time in his life that he traveled outside the
contiguous United States
.
[13]
[14]
The most recent president not to make any international trips during his time in office was
Herbert Hoover
(1929?33). He did, however, undertake an extensive
ten-week tour of Latin America
during the time he was president-elect.
[15]
He delivered 25 speeches in 10 countries, almost all of which stressed his plans to reduce American political and military interference in Latin American affairs. In sum, he pledged that the United States would act as a "good neighbor."
[16]
[17]
Franklin D. Roosevelt
[
edit
]
Franklin D. Roosevelt
made 20 international trips during his presidency.
[18]
His early travels were by ship, frequently for fishing vacations to the
Bahama Banks
,
Canadian Maritimes
or
Newfoundland Island
. In 1943 he became the first incumbent president to fly by airplane across the
Atlantic Ocean
during his secret mission to Casablanca. As a result of this trip, he also became the first president to visit
North Africa
while in office.
Harry S. Truman
[
edit
]
Harry S. Truman
made five international trips during his presidency.
[19]
Three months after ascending to the presidency, Truman made his only trans-Atlantic trip as president to participate in talks concerning how to administer the defeated
Nazi Germany
, which had agreed to
unconditional surrender
nine weeks earlier (
V-E Day
). He also visited neighboring Bermuda, Canada and Mexico, plus Brazil in
South America
. Truman only left the
continental United States
on two other occasions (to
Puerto Rico
, the
Virgin Islands
,
Guantanamo Bay Naval Base
, Cuba, February
20-March 5,
1948; and to
Wake Island
, October
11?18,
1950) during his nearly eight years in office.
[20]
Dwight D. Eisenhower
[
edit
]
Dwight D. Eisenhower
made 16 international trips during his presidency.
[21]
He also traveled abroad once while
president-elect
, visiting South Korea in December 1952, fulfilling a
campaign pledge
to investigate what might get stalled
Korean War peace talks
moving forward.
[22]
By the time he left office in January 1961, Eisenhower had visited 26 countries.
Columbine II
, one of four propeller-driven aircraft introduced to presidential service during Eisenhower's first term in office, was the first plane to bear the
call sign
Air Force One
. This designation for the U.S. Air Force aircraft carrying the
incumbent
president was established after an incident in 1953, when
Eastern Air Lines
8610, a commercial flight, crossed paths with Air Force 8610, which was carrying President Eisenhower. Initially used informally, the designation became official in 1962.
[23]
[24]
In 1959, the Air Force added the first of three specially built
Boeing 707
-120
jet aircraft
?
VC-137s
, designated SAM (Special Air Missions) 970, 971 and 972?into the fleet.
[25]
The high-speed jet technology built into these aircraft enabled presidents from Eisenhower through Nixon to travel long distances more quickly for face-to-face meetings with world leaders.
[26]
That year he journeyed to Europe, Southeast Asia, South America, Middle East, and Southern Asia. On his "Flight to Peace" goodwill tour in December 1959, the president visited 11 nations, flying 22,000 miles (35,000 km) in 19 days aboard the VC-137 SAM970.
John F. Kennedy
[
edit
]
John F. Kennedy
made eight international trips during his presidency.
[27]
Two of these were to Europe, and the other six were to various nations in the Western Hemisphere. His second trip to Europe included the famous speech
Ich bin ein Berliner
at the Berlin Wall, the visit of the first
Catholic
president to Vatican City, plus the visit to Kennedy's ancestral home in
Ireland
. First Lady
Jacqueline Kennedy
traveled with him on his 1961 visit to France and received such a popular reaction there that the president quipped "I am the man who accompanied
Jacqueline Kennedy
to
Paris
? and I have enjoyed it!"
[28]
[29]
Lyndon B. Johnson
[
edit
]
Lyndon B. Johnson
made 11 international trips during his presidency.
[30]
He flew 523,000 miles aboard Air Force One while in office. Eschewing Europe in favor of Southeast Asia and Latin America. One of the most unusual international trips in presidential history occurred before Christmas in 1967. The president began the trip by going to the memorial service for Australian Prime Minister
Harold Holt
, who had
disappeared in a swimming accident
and was presumed drowned. The White House did not reveal in advance to the press that the president would make the first round-the-world presidential trip. The trip was 26,959 miles completed in 112.5 hours (4.7 days). The trip crossed the equator twice, stopped in Travis Air Force Base, California, then Honolulu, Pago Pago, Canberra, Melbourne, Vietnam, Karachi and Rome.
Richard Nixon
[
edit
]
Richard M. Nixon
made 15 international trips during his presidency.
[31]
He made the unusual move of going on a week-long trip to Europe only five weeks after his inauguration.
Nixon's 1972 visit to China
was an important strategic and diplomatic overture that marked the culmination of the
Nixon administration's
resumption of cordial relations between the U.S. and
China
. He also made groundbreaking trips to various
Communist-ruled
nations as well, including:
Romania
(1969),
Yugoslavia
(1970),
Poland
(1972), and the
Soviet Union
(1972 and 1974). In 1972 Nixon received delivery of the second custom outfitted jet to be used as Air Force One,
VC-137C SAM 27000
.
Gerald Ford
[
edit
]
Gerald Ford
made seven international trips during his presidency.
[32]
Ford made the first visit of a sitting president to Japan, and followed it with a trip to the Republic of Korea and the Soviet Union (to attend the
Vladivostok Summit
).
Jimmy Carter
[
edit
]
Jimmy Carter
made 12 international trips to 25 countries during his presidency.
[33]
Carter was the first president to make a state visit to Sub-Saharan Africa when he went to Nigeria in 1978. His travel included five trips to Europe and three trips to Asia. He also made several trips to the
Middle East
to broker peace negotiations. He was awarded the 2002 Nobel Peace Prize for his peacemaking efforts.
[34]
In 1978, he travelled to Panama City to sign a protocol confirming exchange of documents ratifying the
Panama Canal treaties
.
Ronald Reagan
[
edit
]
Ronald Reagan
made 25 international trips to 26 countries during his presidency.
[35]
He made seven trips to continental Europe, three to Asia and one to South America. He is perhaps best remembered for his speeches at the 40th anniversary of the
Normandy landings
, for his impassioned speech at the
Berlin Wall
, his summit meetings with
Mikhail Gorbachev
, and riding horses with the Queen at Windsor Park.
Reagan's presidency would be transitional in international travel. During his term in office, he ordered the two special mission
Boeing VC-25
that would become the new presidential transport to replace the aging Boeing 707s. Heavy lift aircraft could bring security, limousines, and helicopters. After that time, the president had access to inflight bedrooms and showers, boardrooms, and communication equipment and with refueling virtually unlimited range. Summit meetings would proliferate, and international travel would become more of a constant expectation of the presidency.
George H. W. Bush
[
edit
]
George H. W. Bush
made 26 international trips to 58 countries during his presidency.
[36]
He initiated the frequent international travel pace that is the hallmark of the post?Cold War presidency. He went to Europe eleven times, Asia twice, and South America once, along with a number of shorter trips during his four years in office.
Bill Clinton
[
edit
]
Bill Clinton
made 54 trips to 72 countries (in addition to visiting the
West Bank
and
Gaza
) during his presidency.
[37]
He made 24 trips to continental
Europe
, seventeen to
Asia
, two to
Africa
and to
Australia
. His others were to nations in the
Americas
. He took an active role in the
Balkans
, where he worked to promote peace and stability in and around the former
Yugoslavia
, and in the
Middle East peace process
, where he worked to promote peace between
Israel
and the
Palestinians
, as well as with the governments of neighboring nations.
George W. Bush
[
edit
]
George W. Bush
made 49 trips to 73 countries (in addition to visiting the
West Bank
) during his presidency.
[38]
During the course of his first year in office alone, he took seven trips to seventeen countries. He visited six
continents
:
Africa
,
Asia
,
Australia
,
Europe
,
North America
, and
South America
. On one of his two trips to
Sub-Saharan Africa
, he visited three of the poorest countries in the world at the time: Liberia, Rwanda, and Benin. He also made a secret trip to Iraq on
Thanksgiving Day
2003 to dine with the troops. His father had made a similar visit to the U.S. troops in Saudi Arabia in 1990. On November 15?20, 2006, Bush made the third round the world presidential flight (after Johnson and Nixon) when he went to Russia, Singapore, Vietnam, and Indonesia.
Barack Obama
[
edit
]
Barack Obama
made 52 trips to 58 countries (in addition to visiting the West Bank) during his presidency. He set the record as the most-traveled president for any first year in office: he took the most trips, visited the most countries, and spent the most days abroad. Obama made ten trips to 21 countries (four countries were visited twice) and was out of the U.S. a total of 37 days. The one geopolitical region that he never visited was
Central Asia
; this region has never been visited by a sitting U.S. president.
[39]
In December 2010, he made an unannounced trip to Afghanistan, where he visited with U.S. troops. The surprise trip came as the U.S. and NATO withdraw most of their forces from that country ahead of a year-end deadline. In November 2012 he visited Myanmar, where he bolstered the
reforms
undertaken by that nation's military-backed government.
[40]
In March 2016, he made a historic trip to Cuba to underscore the
thaw
in
Cuba?United States relations
following a 54-year rift.
Donald Trump
[
edit
]
Donald Trump
made 19 international trips to 24 countries (in addition to visiting the West Bank) during his presidency. His
2018 Singapore Summit
meeting with North Korean leader
Kim Jong Un
was the first-ever meeting between an
incumbent
U.S. president and a leader of North Korea. One year later, in June 2019, Trump also became the first U.S. president to cross over the
Korean Demilitarized Zone
and enter North Korea while in office. In December 2018, he made an unannounced
Christmas
trip to Iraq, where he visited with U.S. troops. Nearly a year later, in November 2019, he made an unannounced Thanksgiving trip to Afghanistan, where he visited with U.S. troops.
Joe Biden
[
edit
]
Joe Biden
has made 16 international trips to 23 countries (in addition to visiting the West Bank) since his presidency began on January 20, 2021. He made six trips abroad in 2022, including a September visit to the
United Kingdom
for
the state funeral
of Queen
Elizabeth II
. On February 20, 2023, he made an
unannounced trip to Ukraine
, where he met with President
Volodymyr Zelenskyy
ahead of the first anniversary of the
Russian invasion of Ukraine
.
[41]
Table of destinations
[
edit
]
Altogether, 20 U.S. presidents have traveled to at least one foreign country or
dependent territory
while in office.
Region
|
Country or
territory
|
NV
|
President and year of visit
(Note: column sorts by year of first visit, not by president's name.)
|
|
Ethiopia
|
1
|
2015
Barack Obama 2015
|
Kenya
|
1
|
2015
Barack Obama 2015
|
Rwanda
|
2
|
1998
Bill Clinton 1998 • George W. Bush 2008
|
Somalia
|
1
|
1993
George H. W. Bush 1993
|
Tanzania
|
3
|
2000
Bill Clinton 2000 • George W. Bush 2008 • Barack Obama 2013
|
Uganda
|
2
|
1998
Bill Clinton 1998 • George W. Bush 2003
|
|
Egypt
|
17
|
1943
Franklin D. Roosevelt
1943
(2)
,
1945 • Richard Nixon 1974 • Jimmy Carter 1978,
1979
(2)
• George H. W. Bush 1990 • Bill Clinton 1994, 1996,
2000
(2)
• George W. Bush 2003,
2008
(2)
• Barack Obama 2009 • Joe Biden 2022
|
French Algeria
[Note 1]
|
2
|
1943
Franklin D. Roosevelt 1943, 1945
|
Morocco
[Note 2]
|
3
|
1943
Franklin D. Roosevelt 1943 • Dwight Eisenhower 1959 • Bill Clinton 1999
|
Tunisia
[Note 3]
|
3
|
1943
Franklin D. Roosevelt
1943
(2)
• Dwight Eisenhower 1959
|
|
Botswana
|
2
|
1998
Bill Clinton 1998 • George W. Bush 2003
|
South Africa
|
4
|
1998
Bill Clinton 1998 • George W. Bush 2003 • Barack Obama
2013
(2)
|
|
Benin
|
1
|
2008
George W. Bush 2008
|
French West Africa
[Note 4]
|
1
|
1943
Franklin D. Roosevelt 1943
|
Gambia
[Note 5]
|
2
|
1943
Franklin D. Roosevelt
1943
(2)
|
Ghana
|
3
|
1998
Bill Clinton 1998 • George W. Bush 2008 • Barack Obama 2009
|
Liberia
|
3
|
1943
Franklin D. Roosevelt 1943 • Jimmy Carter 1978 • George W. Bush 2008
|
Nigeria
|
3
|
1978
Jimmy Carter 1978 • Bill Clinton 2000 • George W. Bush 2003
|
Senegal
|
4
|
1998
Bill Clinton 1998 • George W. Bush 2003 • Barack Obama
2013
(2)
|
|
The Bahamas
[Note 6]
|
5
|
1934
Franklin D. Roosevelt 1934, 1935, 1936, 1940 • John F. Kennedy 1962
|
Barbados
|
2
|
1982
Ronald Reagan 1982 • Bill Clinton 1997
|
British Leeward Islands
[Note 7]
|
1
|
1940
Franklin D. Roosevelt 1940
|
Costa Rica
|
6
|
1963
John F. Kennedy 1963 • Lyndon Johnson 1968 • Ronald Reagan 1982 • George H. W. Bush 1989 • Bill Clinton 1997 • Barack Obama 2013
|
Cuba
|
2
|
1928
Calvin Coolidge 1928 • Barack Obama 2016
|
El Salvador
|
4
|
1968
Lyndon Johnson 1968 • Bill Clinton 1999 • George W. Bush 2002 • Barack Obama 2011
|
Grenada
|
1
|
1986
Ronald Reagan 1986
|
Guadeloupe
|
1
|
1979
Jimmy Carter 1979
|
Guatemala
|
3
|
1968
Lyndon Johnson 1968 • Bill Clinton 1999 • George W. Bush 2007
|
Haiti
|
2
|
1934
Franklin D. Roosevelt 1934 • Bill Clinton 1995
|
Honduras
|
3
|
1968
Lyndon Johnson 1968 • Ronald Reagan 1982 • Bill Clinton 1999
|
Jamaica
[Note 8]
|
3
|
1940
Franklin D. Roosevelt 1940 • Ronald Reagan 1982 • Barack Obama 2015
|
Martinique
|
3
|
1940
Franklin D. Roosevelt 1940 • Gerald Ford 1974 • George H. W. Bush 1991
|
Mexico
|
34
|
1909
William Howard Taft 1909 • Franklin D. Roosevelt 1943 • Harry Truman 1947 • Dwight Eisenhower 1953, 1959, 1960 • John F. Kennedy 1962 • Lyndon Johnson
1966
(2)
,
1967 • Richard Nixon 1969, 1970 • Gerald Ford 1974 • Jimmy Carter 1979 • Ronald Reagan 1981, 1982, 1983, 1986, 1988 • George H. W. Bush 1990 • Bill Clinton 1997, 1999 • George W. Bush 2001,
2002
(2)
,
2004, 2006, 2007 • Barack Obama
2009
(2)
,
2012, 2013, 2014 • Joe Biden 2023
|
Nicaragua
|
2
|
1968
Lyndon Johnson 1968 • Bill Clinton 1999
|
Panama
|
10
|
1906
Theodore Roosevelt 1906 • Franklin D. Roosevelt 1934, 1935, 1938, 1940 • Dwight Eisenhower 1956 • Jimmy Carter 1978 • George H. W. Bush 1992 • George W. Bush 2005 • Barack Obama 2015
|
Saint Lucia
[Note 9]
|
1
|
1940
Franklin D. Roosevelt 1940
|
Saint Martin
Saint Martin
|
1
|
1989
George H. W. Bush 1989
|
Trinidad and Tobago
[Note 10]
|
5
|
1936
Franklin D. Roosevelt
1936
(2)
,
1943
(2)
• Barack Obama 2009
|
|
Bermuda
|
6
|
1946
Harry Truman 1946 • Dwight Eisenhower 1953, 1957 • John F. Kennedy 1961 • Richard Nixon 1971 • George H. W. Bush 1990
|
Canada
|
41
|
1923
Warren Harding 1923 • Franklin D. Roosevelt 1933,
1936
(2)
,
1938,
1939
(2)
,
1943, 1944 • Harry Truman 1947 • Dwight Eisenhower 1953, 1958, 1959 • John F. Kennedy 1961 • Lyndon Johnson 1964, 1966, 1967 • Richard Nixon 1972 • Ronald Reagan
1981
(2)
,
1985, 1987, 1988 • George H. W. Bush 1989, 1990,
1991
(2)
• Bill Clinton 1993,
1995
(2)
,
1997, 1999 • George W. Bush 2001, 2002, 2004, 2007 • Barack Obama 2009, 2010, 2016 • Donald Trump 2018 • Joe Biden 2023
|
Newfoundland
Newfoundland
[Note 11]
|
2
|
1939
Franklin D. Roosevelt 1939, 1940
|
|
Argentina
|
7
|
1936
Franklin D. Roosevelt 1936 • Dwight Eisenhower 1960 • George H. W. Bush 1990 • Bill Clinton 1997 • George W. Bush 2005 • Barack Obama 2016 • Donald Trump 2018
|
Brazil
|
13
|
1936
Franklin D. Roosevelt 1936,
1943
(2)
• Harry Truman 1947 • Dwight Eisenhower 1960 • Jimmy Carter 1978 • Ronald Reagan 1982 • George H. W. Bush 1990, 1992 • Bill Clinton 1997 • George W. Bush 2005, 2007 • Barack Obama 2011
|
Chile
|
5
|
1960
Dwight Eisenhower 1960 • George H. W. Bush 1990 • Bill Clinton 1998 • George W. Bush 2004 • Barack Obama 2011
|
Colombia
|
8
|
1934
Franklin D. Roosevelt 1934 • John F. Kennedy 1961 • Ronald Reagan 1982 • George H. W. Bush 1990 • Bill Clinton 1998 • George W. Bush 2004, 2007 • Barack Obama 2012
|
Peru
|
3
|
2002
George W. Bush 2002, 2008 • Barack Obama 2016
|
Suriname
[Note 12]
|
1
|
1967
Lyndon Johnson 1967
|
Uruguay
|
5
|
1936
Franklin D. Roosevelt 1936 • Dwight Eisenhower 1960 • Lyndon Johnson 1967 • George H. W. Bush 1990 • George W. Bush 2007
|
Venezuela
|
4
|
1961
John F. Kennedy 1961 • Jimmy Carter 1978 • George H. W. Bush 1990 • Bill Clinton 1997
|
|
China
|
13
|
1972
Richard Nixon 1972 • Gerald Ford 1975 • Ronald Reagan 1984 • George H. W. Bush 1989 • Bill Clinton 1998 • George W. Bush 2001, 2002, 2005, 2008 • Barack Obama 2009, 2014, 2016 • Donald Trump 2017
|
Japan
|
25
|
1975
Gerald Ford 1974 • Jimmy Carter 1979, 1980 • Ronald Reagan 1983, 1986 • George H. W. Bush 1989, 1992 • Bill Clinton 1993, 1996, 1998,
2000
(2)
• George W. Bush 2002, 2003, 2005, 2008 • Barack Obama 2009, 2010, 2014, 2016 • Donald Trump 2017,
2019
(2)
• Joe Biden 2022, 2023
|
Mongolia
|
1
|
2005
George W. Bush 2005
|
North Korea
|
1
|
2019
Donald Trump 2019
|
South Korea
|
20
|
1960
Dwight Eisenhower 1960 • Lyndon Johnson 1966 • Gerald Ford 1974 • Jimmy Carter 1979 • Ronald Reagan 1983 • George H. W. Bush 1989, 1992 • Bill Clinton 1993, 1996, 1998 • George W. Bush 2002, 2005, 2008 • Barack Obama 2009, 2010, 2012, 2014 • Donald Trump 2017, 2019 • Joe Biden 2022
|
Taiwan
|
1
|
1960
Dwight Eisenhower 1960
|
|
Afghanistan
|
8
|
1959
Dwight Eisenhower 1959 • George W. Bush 2006, 2008 • Barack Obama
2010
(2)
,
2012, 2014 • Donald Trump 2019
|
Bangladesh
|
1
|
2000
Bill Clinton 2000
|
India
|
9
|
1959
Dwight Eisenhower 1959 • Richard Nixon 1969 • Jimmy Carter 1978 • Bill Clinton 2000 • George W. Bush 2006 • Barack Obama 2010, 2015 • Donald Trump 2020 • Joe Biden 2023
|
Pakistan
|
5
|
1959
Dwight Eisenhower 1959 • Lyndon Johnson 1967 • Richard Nixon 1969 • Bill Clinton 2000 • George W. Bush 2006
|
|
Brunei
|
1
|
2000
Bill Clinton 2000
|
Cambodia
|
2
|
2012
Barack Obama 2012 • Joe Biden 2022
|
Indonesia
|
9
|
1969
Richard Nixon 1969 • Gerald Ford 1975 • Ronald Reagan 1986 • Bill Clinton 1994 • George W. Bush 2003, 2006 • Barack Obama 2010, 2011 • Joe Biden 2022
|
Laos
|
1
|
2016
Barack Obama 2016
|
Malaysia
|
3
|
1966
Lyndon Johnson 1966 • Barack Obama 2014, 2015
|
Myanmar
|
2
|
2012
Barack Obama 2012, 2014
|
Philippines
|
10
|
1960
Dwight Eisenhower 1960 • Lyndon Johnson 1966 • Richard Nixon 1969 • Gerald Ford 1975 • Bill Clinton 1994, 1996 • George W. Bush 2003 • Barack Obama 2014, 2015 • Donald Trump 2017
|
Singapore
|
5
|
1992
George H. W. Bush 1992 • George W. Bush 2003, 2006 • Barack Obama 2009 • Donald Trump 2018
|
South Vietnam
[Note 13]
|
3
|
1966
Lyndon Johnson 1966, 1967 • Richard Nixon 1969
|
Thailand
|
7
|
1966
Lyndon Johnson 1966, 1967 • Richard Nixon 1969 • Bill Clinton 1996 • George W. Bush 2003, 2008 • Barack Obama 2012
|
Vietnam
|
6
|
2000
Bill Clinton 2000 • George W. Bush 2006 • Barack Obama 2016 • Donald Trump 2017, 2019 • Joe Biden 2023
|
|
Bahrain
|
1
|
2008
George W. Bush 2008
|
Georgia
|
1
|
2005
George W. Bush 2005
|
Iran
|
4
|
1943
Franklin D. Roosevelt 1943 • Dwight Eisenhower 1959 • Richard Nixon 1972 • Jimmy Carter 1978
|
Iraq
|
6
|
2003
George W. Bush 2003, 2006, 2007, 2008 • Barack Obama 2009 • Donald Trump 2018
|
Israel
|
13
|
1974
Richard Nixon 1974 • Jimmy Carter 1979 • Bill Clinton 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998 • George W. Bush
2008
(2)
• Barack Obama 2013, 2016 • Donald Trump 2017 • Joe Biden 2022, 2023
|
Jordan
|
6
|
1974
Richard Nixon 1974 • Bill Clinton 1994, 1999 • George W. Bush 2003, 2006 • Barack Obama 2013
|
Kuwait
|
2
|
1994
Bill Clinton 1994 • George W. Bush 2008
|
Oman
|
1
|
2000
Bill Clinton 2000
|
Palestinian Authority
|
5
|
1998
Bill Clinton 1998 • George W. Bush 2008 • Barack Obama 2013 • Donald Trump 2017 • Joe Biden 2022
|
Qatar
|
1
|
2003
George W. Bush 2003
|
Saudi Arabia
|
13
|
1974
Richard Nixon 1974 • Jimmy Carter 1978 • George H. W. Bush 1990, 1992 • Bill Clinton 1994 • George W. Bush
2008
(2)
• Barack Obama 2009, 2014, 2015, 2016 • Donald Trump 2017 • Joe Biden 2022
|
Syria
|
2
|
1974
Richard Nixon 1974 • Bill Clinton 1994
|
Turkey
|
6
|
1959
Dwight Eisenhower 1959 • George H. W. Bush 1991 • Bill Clinton 1999 • George W. Bush 2004 • Barack Obama 2009, 2015
|
United Arab Emirates
|
1
|
2008
George W. Bush 2008
|
|
Belarus
[Note 14]
|
1
|
1994
Bill Clinton 1994
|
Bulgaria
|
2
|
1999
Bill Clinton 1999 • George W. Bush 2007
|
Czech Republic
|
5
|
1994
Bill Clinton 1994 • George W. Bush 2002, 2007 • Barack Obama 2009, 2010
|
Czechoslovakia
[Note 15]
|
1
|
1990
George H. W. Bush 1990
|
Hungary
|
4
|
1989
George H. W. Bush 1989 • Bill Clinton 1994, 1996 • George W. Bush 2006
|
Poland
|
16
|
1972
Richard Nixon 1972 • Gerald Ford 1975 • Jimmy Carter 1977 • George H. W. Bush 1989, 1992 • Bill Clinton 1994, 1997 • George W. Bush 2001, 2003, 2007 • Barack Obama 2011, 2014, 2016 • Donald Trump 2017 • Joe Biden 2022, 2023
|
Romania
|
5
|
1969
Richard Nixon 1969 • Gerald Ford 1975 • Bill Clinton 1997 • George W. Bush 2002, 2008
|
Russia
[Note 14]
|
15
|
1993
George H. W. Bush 1993 • Bill Clinton 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, 2000 • George W. Bush
2002
(2)
,
2003, 2005,
2006
(2)
,
2008 • Barack Obama 2009, 2013
|
Slovakia
|
1
|
2005
George W. Bush 2005
|
Soviet Union
[Note 16]
|
6
|
1945
Franklin D. Roosevelt 1945 • Richard Nixon 1972, 1974 • Gerald Ford 1974 • Ronald Reagan 1988 • George H. W. Bush 1991
|
Ukraine
[Note 14]
|
5
|
1994
Bill Clinton 1994, 1995, 2000 • George W. Bush 2008 • Joe Biden 2023
|
|
Denmark
|
4
|
1997
Bill Clinton 1997 • George W. Bush 2005 • Barack Obama
2009
(2)
|
Estonia
|
2
|
2006
George W. Bush 2006 • Barack Obama 2014
|
Finland
|
7
|
1975
Gerald Ford 1975 • Ronald Reagan 1988 • George H. W. Bush 1990, 1992 • Bill Clinton 1997 • Donald Trump 2018 • Joe Biden 2023
|
Iceland
|
2
|
1973
Richard Nixon 1973 • Ronald Reagan 1986
|
Latvia
|
3
|
1994
Bill Clinton 1994 • George W. Bush 2005, 2006
|
Lithuania
|
2
|
2002
George W. Bush 2002 • Joe Biden 2023
|
Norway
|
2
|
1999
Bill Clinton 1999 • Barack Obama 2009
|
Sweden
|
2
|
2001
George W. Bush 2001 • Barack Obama 2013
|
|
Albania
|
1
|
2007
George W. Bush 2007
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina
|
3
|
1996
Bill Clinton 1996, 1997, 1999
|
Croatia
|
2
|
1996
Bill Clinton 1996 • George W. Bush 2008
|
Greece
|
4
|
1959
Dwight Eisenhower 1959 • George H. W. Bush 1991 • Bill Clinton 1999 • Barack Obama 2016
|
Italy
|
32
|
1919
Woodrow Wilson 1919 • Franklin D. Roosevelt 1943 • Dwight Eisenhower 1959 • John F. Kennedy 1963 • Lyndon Johnson 1967 • Richard Nixon 1969, 1970 • Gerald Ford 1975 • Jimmy Carter 1980 • Ronald Reagan 1982, 1987 • George H. W. Bush 1989, 1991 • Bill Clinton
1994
(2)
,
1996, 1997,
1999
(3)
,
2000 • George W. Bush 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2008 • Barack Obama 2009, 2014 • Donald Trump
2017
(2)
• Joe Biden 2021
|
Kosovo
|
2
|
1999
Bill Clinton 1999 • George W. Bush 2001
|
Macedonia
[Note 17]
|
1
|
1999
Bill Clinton 1999
|
Malta
[Note 18]
|
3
|
1943
Franklin D. Roosevelt 1943, 1945 • George H. W. Bush 1989
|
Portugal
|
9
|
1960
Dwight Eisenhower 1960 • Richard Nixon 1971, 1974 • Jimmy Carter 1980 • Ronald Reagan 1985 • Bill Clinton 2000 • George W. Bush 2003 • Barack Obama 2010, 2016
|
Slovenia
|
3
|
1999
Bill Clinton 1999 • George W. Bush 2001, 2008
|
Spain
|
11
|
1959
Dwight Eisenhower 1959 • Richard Nixon 1970 • Gerald Ford 1975 • Jimmy Carter 1980 • Ronald Reagan 1985 • George H. W. Bush 1991 • Bill Clinton 1995, 1997 • George W. Bush 2001 • Barack Obama 2016 • Joe Biden 2022
|
Vatican City
|
22
|
1919
Woodrow Wilson 1919 • Dwight Eisenhower 1959 • John F. Kennedy 1963 • Lyndon Johnson 1967 • Richard Nixon 1969, 1970 • Gerald Ford 1975 • Jimmy Carter 1980 • Ronald Reagan 1982, 1987 • George H. W. Bush 1989, 1991 • Bill Clinton 1994 • George W. Bush 2002, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2008 • Barack Obama 2009, 2014 • Donald Trump 2017 • Joe Biden 2021
|
Yugoslavia
[Note 19]
|
3
|
1970
Richard Nixon 1970 • Gerald Ford 1975 • Jimmy Carter 1980
|
|
Austria
|
6
|
1961
John F. Kennedy 1961 • Richard Nixon 1972, 1974 • Gerald Ford 1975 • Jimmy Carter 1979 • George W. Bush 2006
|
Belgium
|
20
|
1919
Woodrow Wilson 1919 • Harry Truman 1945 • Richard Nixon 1969, 1974 • Gerald Ford 1975 • Jimmy Carter 1978 • Ronald Reagan 1985, 1988 • George H. W. Bush
1989
(2)
• Bill Clinton 1994, 1999 • George W. Bush 2001, 2005 • Barack Obama
2014
(2)
• Donald Trump 2017, 2018 • Joe Biden 2021, 2022
|
France
|
40
|
1919
Woodrow Wilson
1918
(2)
,
1919
(2)
• Dwight Eisenhower 1957,
1959
(2)
,
1960 • John F. Kennedy 1961 • Richard Nixon 1969, 1970, 1974 • Gerald Ford 1975 • Jimmy Carter 1978 • Ronald Reagan 1982, 1984, 1985 • George H. W. Bush 1989, 1990, 1991, 1993 • Bill Clinton 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999 • George W. Bush 2002, 2003, 2004, 2008 • Barack Obama
2009
(2)
,
2011
(2)
,
2014, 2015 • Donald Trump 2017, 2018,
2019
(2)
|
Germany
[Note 20]
|
35
|
1945
Harry Truman 1945 • Dwight Eisenhower 1959 • John F. Kennedy 1963 • Lyndon Johnson 1967 • Richard Nixon 1969 • Gerald Ford 1975 • Jimmy Carter 1978 • Ronald Reagan 1982, 1985, 1987 • George H. W. Bush 1989, 1990, 1992 • Bill Clinton 1994, 1995, 1998,
1999
(2)
,
2000 • George W. Bush 2002, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 • Barack Obama
2009
(2)
,
2013, 2015,
2016
(2)
• Donald Trump 2017, 2018 • Joe Biden 2022,
2023
(2)
|
Ireland
|
12
|
1963
John F. Kennedy 1963 • Richard Nixon 1970 • Ronald Reagan 1984 • Bill Clinton 1995, 1998, 2000 • George W. Bush 2004, 2006 • Barack Obama 2011 • Donald Trump
2019
(2)
• Joe Biden 2023
|
Netherlands
|
5
|
1989
George H. W. Bush 1989, 1991 • Bill Clinton 1997 • George W. Bush 2005 • Barack Obama 2014
|
Switzerland
|
12
|
1955
Dwight Eisenhower 1955 • Jimmy Carter 1977 • Ronald Reagan 1985 • George H. W. Bush 1990 • Bill Clinton 1994, 1998, 1999,
2000
(2)
• Donald Trump 2018, 2020 • Joe Biden 2021
|
United Kingdom
|
43
|
1918
Woodrow Wilson 1918 • Harry Truman 1945 • Dwight Eisenhower
1959
(2)
• John F. Kennedy 1961, 1963 • Richard Nixon
1969
(2)
,
1970 • Jimmy Carter 1977 • Ronald Reagan 1982, 1984, 1988 • George H. W. Bush 1989, 1990, 1991 • Bill Clinton
1994
(2)
,
1995, 1997,
1998
(2)
,
2000 • George W. Bush 2001,
2003
(2)
,
2005, 2008 • Barack Obama 2009, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2016 • Donald Trump 2018,
2019
(2)
• Joe Biden
2021
(2)
,
2022
(3)
,
2023
(2)
|
|
Australia
|
8
|
1966
Lyndon Johnson 1966, 1967 • George H. W. Bush 1991 • Bill Clinton 1996 • George W. Bush 2003, 2007 • Barack Obama 2011, 2014
|
New Zealand
|
2
|
1966
Lyndon Johnson 1966 • Bill Clinton 1999
|
Source:
[42]
|
Notes
[
edit
]
- ^
Algeria
was ruled as an integral part of
France
at the time of Franklin D. Roosevelt's visits in 1943 and 1945. It became an independent sovereign state on July 5, 1962 following the
Algerian War
, the
1962 French Evian Accords referendum
, and the
1962 Algerian independence referendum
.
- ^
Morocco was a
French protectorate
at the time of Franklin D. Roosevelt's visit in 1943. It became an independent sovereign state on April 7, 1956.
- ^
Tunisia was a
French protectorate
at the time of Franklin D. Roosevelt's visits in 1943. It became an
independent sovereign state
on March 20, 1956.
- ^
French West Africa was a
federation
of eight
French colonial
territories in West Africa. It ceased to exist after the
1958 French constitutional referendum
.
- ^
The Gambia
was a colony and protectorate of the
United Kingdom
at the time of Franklin D. Roosevelt's visits in 1943. It became an independent sovereign state on February 18, 1965 after passage of the
Gambia Independence Act 1964
.
- ^
The Bahamas was a colony of the United Kingdom at the time of Franklin D. Roosevelt and John F. Kennedy's visits. It became an independent sovereign state on July 10, 1973.
- ^
The British Leeward Islands was a colony of the United Kingdom which was dissolved in 1958.
- ^
Jamaica was a colony
of the United Kingdom at the time of Franklin D. Roosevelt's visit in 1940. It became an
independent sovereign state
on August 6, 1962.
- ^
Saint Lucia was a colony of the United Kingdom at the time of Franklin D. Roosevelt's visit in 1940. It became an independent sovereign state on February 22, 1979.
- ^
Trinidad and Tobago was a colony of the United Kingdom at the time of Franklin D. Roosevelt's visits in 1936 and 1943. It became an independent sovereign state on August 31, 1962 after passage of the
Trinidad and Tobago Independence Act 1962
.
- ^
Newfoundland was a
dominion
of the United Kingdom at the time of Franklin D. Roosevelt's visits in 1939 and 1940. It became a province of the
Canadian Confederation
on March 31, 1949, following the
1948 Newfoundland referendums
. Its name was officially changed to
Newfoundland and Labrador
in 2001.
- ^
Suriname was a constituent country
of the
Kingdom of the Netherlands
at the time of Lyndon B. Johnson's visit in 1967. It became an independent sovereign state on November 25, 1975.
- ^
South Vietnam merged with
North Vietnam
on July 2, 1976 to form a single country.
- ^
a
b
c
U.S. presidential visits made prior to December 26, 1991 to this
former Soviet republic
are listed under the Soviet Union.
- ^
Czechoslovakia was split
into the independent countries of the
Czech Republic
and
Slovakia
on January 1, 1993.
- ^
The
Soviet Union was split
into 15 independent countries in 1991.
- ^
Name was changed from
Macedonia to North Macedonia
on February 12, 2019.
- ^
Malta was a colony
of the United Kingdom at the time of Franklin D. Roosevelt's visits in 1943 and 1945. It became an independent sovereign state on September 21, 1964.
- ^
Yugoslavia was broken up
in 1991?1992.
- ^
Germany was occupied
by the
Allies of World War II
at the time of Harry S. Truman's visit in 1945. All subsequent visits by U.S. presidents have been made to the Federal Republic of Germany, which was known colloquially as "
West Germany
" from 1949 to 1990 during the
post World War II West?East division of Germany
. No incumbent U.S. president ever visited the German Democratic Republic ("
East Germany
") during its existence in the same time frame.
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
a
b
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- ^
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November 21,
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Milkis, Sidney (October 4, 2016).
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- ^
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"William Howard Taft"
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"Warren G. Harding"
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. October 15, 2014
. Retrieved
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Belyk, Robert C. (January 17, 2017) [February?March 1988,
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Ambar, Saladin (October 4, 2016).
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.
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McAuley, Joseph (September 4, 2015).
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Kim, Susanna (December 18, 2014).
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Greenburg, David (October 4, 2016).
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Deconde, Alexander (March 1950). "Herbert Hoover's Good Will Tour".
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- ^
"Travels of President Franklin D. Roosevelt"
. U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian.
- ^
"Travels of President Harry S. Truman"
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- ^
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February 26,
2016
.
- ^
"Travels of President Dwight D. Eisenhower"
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"The Korean War"
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2019
.
- ^
"Original Air Force One will depart Arizona for Virginia, undergo further restoration"
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. Retrieved
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- ^
"Air Force One"
.
whitehousemuseum.org
. Retrieved
June 26,
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- ^
"First of 3 Jets for President and Top Aides Is Unveiled"
.
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. April 28, 1959
. Retrieved
June 26,
2019
– via New York Times Archive.
- ^
"Boeing VC-137B "Air Force One"
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2019
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- ^
"Travels of President John F. Kennedy"
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- ^
"Nation: La Presidente"
.
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. Retrieved
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- ^
Blair, W. Grainger (June 3, 1961).
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.
The New York Times
. Retrieved
November 16,
2015
.
- ^
"Travels of President Lyndon B. Johnson"
. U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian.
- ^
"Travels of President Richard M. Nixon"
. U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian.
- ^
"Travels of President Gerald R. Ford"
. U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian.
- ^
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. U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian.
- ^
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2016
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- ^
"Travels of President Ronald Reagan"
. U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian.
- ^
"Travels of President George H. W. Bush"
. U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian. Archived from
the original
on 2011-11-09.
- ^
"Travels of President William J. Clinton"
. U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian.
Archived
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- ^
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. U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian.
- ^
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{{
cite report
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.
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- ^
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. Retrieved
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.
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