From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a list of noble titles commonly used at the
Surakarta
and
Yogyakarta
courts, including the
Mangkunegaran
and
Pakualaman
palaces. As the symbols and centres of Javanese culture, the sovereigns of both these courts still hold high esteem in Javanese society and Indonesian society in general. The
Princely Families
are still known by their noble titles. Many people with distant familial relations to the Palaces also use noble titles, which sometimes are included in the official register of the names.
Abdi dalem
with prominent stature are also granted titles. The sovereigns also still grant titles to certain persons deemed helpful in maintaining Javanese traditions and the dignity of the royal courts, even to non-Javanese.
[1]
As Indonesia is not a monarchy, the Government of Indonesia does not confer any noble titles on its citizens. However, noble titles are still recognised officially as distinct from personal names. This is in contrast with the situation in
e.g.
Germany or Austria, in which personal names were forced to be used after the abolition of the monarchies. Minister of Home Affairs Regulation no. 25 year 2011
[2]
is one example of such state regulations that recognises and govern the use of noble titles within the Indonesian administration. Even the second vice-president of Indonesia (1973-1978) ? who was also the
sultan
of
Yogyakarta
? was known officially by his regnal name,
Hamengkubuwono IX
.
This list is created to help readers from a non-Javanese background distinguish the noble titles from the personal names of individuals commonly known only by their noble titles. Notable examples are
Raden Adjeng (R.A.)
Kartini
,
Raden Panji (R.P.)
Soeroso
, and
M.
T. (
Mas
Tirtodharmo) Haryono
.
[3]
Note that in the Javanese alphabet the phoneme /
?
/ is written with the same letter and sign as '
a
'. In Indonesian newspapers, the sound /
?
/ is generally written with the letter 'o', hence allowing for another mistake in pronunciation (with the phoneme /
o
/.
[4]
The letter
a
in this list is used to show such differences and to prevent such mistakes. The same purpose is also intended with the use of the letter
e
to represent /
?
/. Plain
e
is pronounced /
?
/.
The common abbreviations in
Indonesian
modern spelling are written next to each of the titles.
Titles for male
[
edit
]
- Sampeyan Dalem Ingkang Sinuhun Kanjeng Susuhunan
[5]
- SISKS
- Kanjeng Gusti Pangeran Adipati Arya
[6]
- KGPAA
- Kanjeng Gusti Pangeran Harya - KGPH
- Gusti Bendara Pangeran Harya - GBPH
- Kanjeng Pangeran Harya - KPA
- Kanjeng Raden Harya - KRA
- Kanjeng Raden Harya Tumenggung - KRHT
- Gusti Raden Mas - GRM
- Bendara Raden Mas - BRM
- Raden Mas - RM
- Raden - R
- Mas - M
- Raden Ngabehi - RNg
- Raden Panji - RP
- Raden Tumenggung - RT
Titles for female
[
edit
]
- Gusti Kanjeng Ratu
[7]
- GKR
- Bendara Raden Ayu - BRAy
- Raden Ayu - RAy
- Raden Adjeng - RA
- Raden Rara - RRr
- Rara - Rr
- Nyai Mas Tumenggung
References
[
edit
]
- ^
"Tampilan Siap Cetak : Detail Cantuman Dalam Rubrik Berita"
. Archived from
the original
on 2016-03-04
. Retrieved
2015-11-11
.
- ^
[State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia Year 2011 No. 362]
- ^
Popularly known as M. T. Haryono, the name given to him by his parents was actually only Haryono.
Mas
is a noble title, inherited from his father, while Tirtodarmo was his father's name. Such naming with patronymic included into a person's name was common in early 20th century, coping with Dutch naming conventions, which saw a person's name with only one word as awkward.
cf.
Oerip Soemohardjo
- ^
Such difference might seem trivial; however, in some words the meaning of the words are very different e.g.
cara
(pronounced /t???r?/) means 'manner, way', on the other hand
coro
(pronounced /t??oro/) means 'cockroach'. Both words are usually spelled
coro
in general Indonesian spelling, as in the word
pranoto
coro
(pronounced /pran?t?.t???r?/), the 'Master of Ceremony' in traditional Javanese wedding.
- ^
only
Sunan of Surakarta
and
Sultan of Yogyakarta
hold this title
- ^
only
Mangkunegara
in Surakarta and Sri
Paku Alam
in Yogyakarta hold this title
- ^
only wives of
Sunan of Surakarta
and
Sultan of Yogyakarta
hold this title
External links
[
edit
]