From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Lessing-Othmer
is a
romanization
of
Mandarin
Chinese
that was introduced by F. Lessing and Dr. W. Othmer, who in 1912 printed their book ?Lehrgang der nordchinesischen Umgangssprache“ (?Course in the North Chinese Colloquial Language“) through the ?Deutsch-Chinesische Druckerei und Verlagsanstalt“ in
Qingdao
while it was a
German colony
.
In 1979, the State Council of the People's Republic of China for Romanization ruled that translations of foreign-language publications should utilize Lessing-Othmer romanization in
German-speaking countries
, and
Pinyin
in English-speaking countries.
[1]
Table
[
edit
]
The tones romanized differently from
Pinyin
are highlighted in blue.
Initial
[
edit
]
Finals
[
edit
]
|
Coda
|
?
|
/i/
|
/u/
|
/n/
|
/ŋ/
|
/?/
|
Medial
|
?
|
i
[?]
?
-i
|
o
[?]
? e
|
a
[a]
? a
|
e
[ei]
? ei
|
ai
[ai]
? ai
|
ou
[ou]
? ou
|
au
[au]
? ao
|
en
[?n]
? en
|
an
[an]
? an
|
ung
[?ŋ]
?? ong
|
eng
[?ŋ]
? eng
|
ang
[aŋ]
? ang
|
orl
[a?]
? er
|
/j/
|
i
[i]
? i
|
ia
[je]
?? ie
|
ia
[ja]
?? ia
|
|
|
iu
[jou]
?? iu
|
iau
[jau]
?? iao
|
in
[in]
?? in
|
ian
[j?n]
?? ian
|
iung
[j?ŋ]
?? iong
|
ing
[iŋ]
?? ing
|
iang
[jaŋ]
?? iang
|
|
/w/
|
u
[u]
? u
|
o
[wo]
?? uo
|
ua
[wa]
?? ua
|
ui
[wei]
?? ui
|
uai
[wai]
?? uai
|
|
|
un
[w?n]
?? un
|
uan
[wan]
?? uan
|
|
ung
[w?ŋ]
?? ueng
|
uang
[waŋ]
?? uang
|
|
/?/
|
u
[y]
? u
|
ua
[?e]
?? ue
|
|
|
|
|
|
un
[yn]
?? un
|
uan
[??n]
?? uan
|
|
|
|
|
References
[
edit
]
- ^
Encyclopædia Britannica, 2004 edition, "Pinyin romanization" article