Guatemalan law enforcement , mainly performed by the civilian-led National Civil Police of Guatemala (PNC), yet assisted by its military , which has a poor record with regard to human rights violations . During President general Otto Perez Molina , elected in 2012, stepped up the use of military reinforcement in the country's law enforcement , which was introduced in 2005 as a 'temporary measure' yet lasted several electoral periods. ^[1] During the country's civil war from 1960 to 1996 , 200,000 people were killed and 45,000 forcibly disappeared.

According to the Historical Clarification Commission , Guatemala's truth and reconciliation commission , the Guatemalan state (military and government paramilitaries ) was responsible for over 90 percent of human rights abuses recorded there. ^[2] More recently, in October 2012, six people were killed and another 34 injured when soldiers opened fire into a crowd of indigenous protesters . The military has also been tied to drug trafficking and organized crime . ^[3]

After the internal conflict, as part of the peace agreements, the Policia Nacional Civil (PNC) was established as national civilian police with a nationwide jurisdiction and a departament based division.

Military deployment [ edit ]

Since 2012, the government has opened at least five new military bases , with over 21,000 troops deployed throughout nine states. These "Citizen Security Squadrons" range from Huehuetenango to Quiche and Alta Verapaz , from Escuintla to Suchitepequez and Santa Rosa , and from Zacapa to Izabal and Chiquimula , and are also stationed in Guatemala City . A new military unit , known as Joint Task Force Tecun Uman (Fuerza de Tarea Tecun Uman), began operating in zones along the border shared with Mexico . ^[4]

Historical secret police organizations [ edit ]

• Policia Judicial ( Judicial Police )
• Policia Militar Ambulate (PMA) (Mobile Military Police)
• Guardia de Hacienda (Palace Guard)
• Ejercito Secreto Anti-Comunista (ESAC) ( Secret Anti-Communist Army )
• Centro de Servicios Especiales de la Presidencia (Centre for Special Presidential Services)

Sources [ edit ]

• World Police Encyclopedia Wo, ed. by Dilip K. Das & Michael Palmiotto. by Taylor & Francis. 2004.
• WoWorld Encyclopedia of Police Forces and Correctional Systems Wo, 2nd edition. Gale, 2006.
• Sullivan, Larry E. et al. WoEncyclopedia of Law Enforcement Wo. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 2005.

References [ edit ]

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