From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Genus of mammals
Lagenorhynchus
is a
genus
of
oceanic dolphins
in the infraorder
Cetacea
, presently containing six extant species.
[3]
However, there is consistent molecular evidence that the genus is
polyphyletic
[4]
and several of the species are likely to be moved to other genera. In addition, the extinct species
Lagenorhynchus harmatuki
is also classified in this genus.
[5]
Etymology
[
edit
]
The name
Lagenorhynchus
derives from the
Greek
lagenos
meaning "bottle" and
rhynchus
meaning "beak". Indeed, the "bottle-nose" is a characteristic of this genus. However, the dolphins popularly called
bottlenose dolphins
belong in the genus
Tursiops
.
Taxonomy
[
edit
]
There is compelling
phylogenetic molecular
evidence that the genus
Lagenorhynchus
is
polyphyletic
, in that it currently contains several species that are not closely related.
[6]
LeDuc, Perrin & Dizon 1999
found that
white-beaked
and
Atlantic white-sided
dolphins are phylogenetically isolated within the
Delphinidae
, where they are believed to be rather
basal
members of the family, along with the
orca
(subfamily
Orcininae
).
[7]
The remaining four species in the genus
Lagenorhynchus?
the
Pacific white-sided dolphin
,
Peale's dolphin
,
hourglass dolphin
and the
dusky dolphin
?are consistently placed within the
Lissodelphininae
subfamily
, in studies of molecular phylogeny,
[8]
[4]
together with the
right whale dolphin
and the four species of the genus
Cephalorhynchus
(including
Hector's dolphin
). Some authors have suggested these four species be placed in the resurrected genus
Sagmatias
.
[6]
[4]
However, other molecular studies place the hourglass and Peale's dolphins, phylogenetically, within the genus
Cephalorhynchus
and do not agree with inclusion in a new genus (together with Pacific white-sided dolphin and dusky dolphin).
[8]
This phylogeny is supported by acoustic and morphological data; both the hourglass and Peale's dolphins share, with the other species of
Cephalorhynchus
, a distinctive type of
echolocation
signal known as a narrow-band/high-frequency signal.
[9]
[10]
This signal is also used by porpoises (
Phocoenidae
) and the pygmy sperm whales (
Kogiidae
), but is not found among other dolphins. According to
Schevill & Watkins 1971
, Peale's dolphin, and the other
Cephalorhynchus
species, are the only dolphins that do not "whistle"; presumably, this would be the case for
hourglass dolphins
, as well. Peale's dolphin also shares with several
Cephalorhynchus
species the possession of a distinct white marking behind the pectoral (“armpit”) fin.
[
citation needed
]
The
melon-headed whale
was first classified as member of the genus
Lagenorhynchus
, but was later moved to its own genus,
Peponocephala
.
[11]
Notes
[
edit
]
- ^
"Fossilworks: Lagenorhynchus"
.
- ^
Wilson, D. E.
; Reeder, D. M., eds. (2005).
Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
(3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press.
ISBN
978-0-8018-8221-0
.
OCLC
62265494
.
- ^
"List of marine mammal species"
. Society for Marine Mammalogy. 13 November 2016
. Retrieved
30 December
2021
.
- ^
a
b
c
LeDuc, Perrin & Dizon 1999
- ^
"Fossilworks: Lagenorhynchus harmatuki"
.
fossilworks.org
. Retrieved
17 December
2021
.
- ^
a
b
Vollmer, Nicole L.; Ashe, Erin; Brownell, Robert L.; Cipriano, Frank; Mead, James G.; Reeves, Randall R.; Soldevilla, Melissa S.; Williams, Rob (2019).
"Taxonomic revision of the dolphin genus Lagenorhynchus"
.
Marine Mammal Science
.
35
(3): 957?1057.
doi
:
10.1111/mms.12573
.
ISSN
1748-7692
.
S2CID
92421374
.
- ^
McGowen, Michael R; Tsagkogeorga, Georgia; Alvarez-Carretero, Sandra; dos Reis, Mario; Struebig, Monika; Deaville, Robert; Jepson, Paul D; Jarman, Simon; Polanowski, Andrea; Morin, Phillip A; Rossiter, Stephen J (2019-10-21).
"Phylogenomic Resolution of the Cetacean Tree of Life Using Target Sequence Capture"
.
Systematic Biology
.
69
(3): 479?501.
doi
:
10.1093/sysbio/syz068
.
ISSN
1063-5157
.
PMC
7164366
.
PMID
31633766
.
- ^
a
b
May-Collado & Agnarsson 2006
- ^
Tougaard & Kyhn 2010
- ^
Kyhn et al. 2010
- ^
Nishiwaki, M. and K.S. Norris (1966). "A new genus,
Peponocephala
, for the odontocete cetacean species (
Electra electra
)".
The Scientific Reports of the Whales Research Institute
.
20
: 95?100.
References
[
edit
]
- Kyhn, LA; Jensen, FH; Beedholm, FH; Tougaard, J (June 2010).
"Echolocation in sympatric Peale's dolphins (
Lagenorhynchus australis
) and Commerson's dolphins (
Cephalorhynchus commersonii
) producing narrow-band high-frequency clicks"
.
Journal of Experimental Biology
.
213
(11): 1940?9.
doi
:
10.1242/jeb.042440
.
ISSN
0022-0949
.
OCLC
618825118
.
PMID
20472781
.
- LeDuc, R.G.; Perrin, W.F.; Dizon, A.E. (July 1999). "Phylogenetic relationships among the delphinid cetaceans based on full cytochrome
b
sequences".
Marine Mammal Science
.
15
(3): 619?648.
doi
:
10.1111/j.1748-7692.1999.tb00833.x
.
ISSN
0824-0469
.
- Schevill, W.E.; Watkins, W.A. (January 15, 1971). "Pulsed sounds of the porpoise
Lagenorhynchus australis
".
Breviora
.
366
: 1?10.
ISSN
0006-9698
.
OCLC
80876226
.
- Tougaard, J; Kyhn, LA (2010).
"Echolocation sounds of hourglass dolphins (
Lagenorhynchus cruciger
) are similar to the narrow band high-frequency echolocation sounds of the dolphin genus Cephalorhynchus"
.
Marine Mammal Science
.
26
(1): 239?45.
doi
:
10.1111/j.1748-7692.2009.00307.x
.
ISSN
0824-0469
.
OCLC
497138903
.